Toad venom: A comprehensive review of chemical constituents, anticancer activities, and mechanisms.

Toad venom, a traditional natural medicine, has been used for hundreds of years in China for treating different diseases. Many studies have been performed to elucidate the cardiotonic and analgesic activities of toad venom. Until the last decade, an increasing number of studies have documented that toad venom is a source of lead compound(s) for the development of potential cancer treatment drugs.

[Chaotic Features on Excess/Deficiency Syndrome of Chronic Stable Angina Pectoris Based on Analyzing Approximate Entropy of Heart Rate Variability].

Objective To analyze the chaotic degree of excess/deficiency syndrome (ES/DS) in chronic stable angina pectoris (CSAP) patients by observing 24-h dynamic changes of approximate en- tropy index of heart rate variability per hour, and to observe dynamic changing features. Methods From November 2009 to June 2011, a total of 187 CSAP patients were assigned to ES (36 cases) , DS (42 ca- ses) , intermingled syndrome of deficiency and excess (109 cases, abbreviated as intermingled ES/DS) according to TCM syndrome differentiation standards.24 h dynamic electrocardiograms were collected u- sing USA DMS dynamic ECG, which was then divided into 24 continuous period by hour.

[Stability of short-cut nitrification using immobilized ammonia-oxidizing bacteria].

The ammonia-oxidizing bacteria were immobilized by copolymer with cell proliferation technology. The effects of NH(4+) -N load, HRT, free ammonia (FA) and organic matter on short-cut nitrification process were studied. The results showed that when influent NH(4+) -N load were 100 mg/L, 150 mg/L and 200 mg/L respectively, effluent NH(4+) -N concentration was less than 10 mg/L.

Different features of ventricular arrhythmias and the RR-interval dynamics in atrial fibrillation related to the patient's clinical characteristics: an analysis using RR-interval plotting.

The clinical features of ventricular arrhythmia and RR-interval dynamics in AF-patients remain unresolved. We successively plotted points on an X-Y plain as (X, Y) = (RRn, RRn + 1) from the consecutive RR-intervals of Holter ECGs. Eighty of 175 AF-patients were thus diagnosed to have ventricular arrhythmia based on the different plotting patterns between ventricular premature contractions (VPCs) and aberrations.