Objective: To examine the effectiveness of health education and counseling on the stages of change, decisional balance, and smoking cessations elf-efficacy in smokers with no intention of quitting.
Methods: A prospective self-controlled design was conducted between December 2020 and December 2022. The research period was divided into a control stage (first to fourth weeks) and an experimental stage (fifth to eighth weeks).
Aims: The objectives of this study were to apply empowerment strategies to the establishing of a support group for parents of preterm infants who were recently discharged home and to examine its effectiveness in terms of self-efficacy, perceived stress and depression among the parents.
Background: While the concept of empowerment has been applied when establishing various patient support groups, it has not been explicitly used for parents of preterm infants.
Design: This study applied a quasi-experimental design.