High-pressure chemistry of functional materials.

Functional materials, possessing specific properties and performing particular functions beyond their mechanical or structural roles, are the foundation of modern matter science including energy, environment, and quantum sciences. The atomic and electronic structures of these materials can be significantly altered by external stimuli such as pressure. High-pressure techniques have been extensively utilized to deepen our understanding of structure-property relationships of materials, while also enabling emergent or enhanced properties.

Advanced Alkali Metal Batteries based on MOFs and Their Composites.

The integration of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with functional materials has established a versatile platform for a wide range of energy storage applications. Due to their large specific surface area, high porosity, and tunable structural properties, MOFs hold significant promise as components in energy storage systems, including electrodes, electrolytes, and separators for alkali metal-ion batteries (AIBs). Although lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are widely used, their commercial graphite anode materials are nearing their theoretical capacity limits, and the scarcity of lithium and cobalt resources increases costs.

Strain-tunable optoelectronic and photocatalytic properties of 2D GaN/MoSiP heterobilayers: potential optoelectronic/photocatalytic materials.

Herein, we propose a new GaN/MoSiP van der Waals (vdWs) heterostructure constructed by vertically stacking GaN and MoSiP monolayers. Its electronic, optical, and photocatalytic properties are explored DFT++BSE calculations. The calculated binding energy and phonon spectrum demonstrated the material's high stabilities.

An all-vanadium-based lithium-ion full battery with hierarchical yolk-shell structure electrodes.

An all-vanadium-based lithium-ion full battery is successfully assembled with hierarchical micro-nano yolk-shell structures VO and VO as the cathode and anode, which were obtained through a facile solvothermal method with heat treatment under different atmospheres. When used as the cathode of the lithium-ion battery, the hierarchical micro-nano yolk-shell VO demonstrated higher capacities than bulk VO, commercial LiFePO, and LiNiCoMnO cathodes at various current densities. The all-vanadium-based lithium-ion full battery shows good cycle performance at 0.

An mpox quadrivalent mRNA vaccine elicits sustained and protective immunity in mice against lethal vaccinia virus challenge.

Assessing the long-term efficacy of MPXV vaccine candidates is crucial for the global response to the ongoing mpox epidemic. Built upon our previous study of the mpox quadrivalent mRNA vaccine, herein we reported that MPXV-1103 could elicit sustained humoral and cellular immunity in mice, including the induction of MPXV A35/B6/A29/M1-specific IgG antibodies, VACV neutralizing antibodies and activated cytotoxic CD8T cells, which provides 100% protection against lethal VACV challenge even at 280 days after the first vaccination. Our results provide critical insights for orthopoxvirus vaccine development.

Endohedral vs exohedral boron in C60: Bonding nature and impact on hot-electron relaxation dynamics.

Endohedral and exohedral fullerenes have both been employed as electron acceptors in polymer solar cells (PSCs). However, their differences in hot-electron relaxation dynamics remain unclear. Previous studies have shown that the location of a single atom, whether inside or outside the fullerene cage, results in significant differences in charge distribution.

Amorphous-dominated MgO hollow spheres enhanced fluoride adsorption: Mechanism analysis and machine learning prediction.

Amorphous-dominated magnesium oxide hollow spheres (A-MgO) were prepared using a spray-drying method in this study. These hollow spheres exhibited excellent sphericity, large specific surface areas, and abundant porosity. A-MgO exhibited outstanding fluoride adsorption properties, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 260.

Li-Based Nanoprobes with Boosted Photoluminescence for Temperature Visualization in NIR Imaging-Guided Drug Release.

Lanthanide-doped fluoride nanocrystals have emerged as promising tools in biomedicine, yet their applications are still limited by their low luminescence efficiency. Herein, we developed highly efficient lithium-based core-shell-shell (CSS) nanoprobes (NPs) featuring a rhombic active domain and a spherical inert protective shell. By introducing Yb as an energy transfer bridge and optimizing the CSS design, a remarkable 1643-fold enhancement in visible emission and a 33-fold increase in NIR emission are achieved compared to original nanoparticles.

Synthesis of Polysubstituted Benzo[][1,5]naphthyridine via Mn(III)-Mediated Domino Cascade Reactions of Cyclopropanols and 2-(2-Isocyanophenyl)acetonitriles.

Domino cascade reactions, which can construct multiple bonds in one pot, are efficient methods to synthesize N-heterocycles and other useful skeletons. Herein, we report an expedient synthesis of polysubstituted benzo[][1,5]naphthyridine via Mn(III)-mediated C-C bond cleavage of cyclopropanols. These reactions were initiated by addition of β-carbonyl radicals, generated from cyclopropyl alcohols in the presence of Mn(III), to 2-(2-isocyanophenyl)acetonitriles to give quinolin-3-amines, which went through intramolecular cyclizations and dehydrogenation to give the final products.

Intracellular metal ion-based chemistry for programmed cell death.

Intracellular metal ions play essential roles in multiple physiological processes, including catalytic action, diverse cellular processes, intracellular signaling, and electron transfer. It is crucial to maintain intracellular metal ion homeostasis which is achieved by the subtle balance of storage and release of metal ions intracellularly along with the influx and efflux of metal ions at the interface of the cell membrane. Dysregulation of intracellular metal ions has been identified as a key mechanism in triggering programmed cell death (PCD).

Regulatory effects of HBUAS52074 on depression-like behavior induced by chronic social defeat stress in mice: modulation of the gut microbiota.

The gut microbiome has emerged as a growing focus of research and public health interest, leading to the frequent exploration of probiotic dietary supplements as potential treatments for various disorders, such as anxiety and depression. In the present report, changes in inflammation and microbiome composition were assessed in model mice exhibiting depressive-like behaviors that were exposed to the probiotic HBUAS52074. It was found that HBUAS52074 alleviated the severity of depressive-like behaviors while increasing serum 5-HT concentrations.

Whole-exome sequencing association study reveals genetic effects on tumor microenvironment components in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) presents a substantial clinical challenge due to the limited understanding of its genetic underpinnings. Here we conduct the largest scale whole-exome sequencing association study of NPC to date, encompassing 6,969 NPC cases and 7,100 controls. We unveil 3 germline genetic variants linked to NPC susceptibility: a common rs2276868 in RPL14, a rare rs5361 in SELE, and a common rs1050462 in HLA-B.

Sijunzi San alleviates the negative energy balance in postpartum dairy cows by regulating rumen fermentation capacity.

Introduction: Postpartum dairy cows are susceptible to negative energy balance caused by decreased feed intake and the initiation of lactation. Sijunzi San, a famous Chinese traditional herbal formulation, can promote gastrointestinal digestion and absorption and improve disorders of intestinal microbiota. Therefore, we hypothesized that Sijunzi San might alleviate negative energy balance in postpartum dairy cows by modulating the structure of the rumen microbiota and enhancing its fermentation capacity.

Advancements in GelMA bioactive hydrogels: Strategies for infection control and bone tissue regeneration.

Infectious bone defects present a significant clinical challenge, characterized by infection, inflammation, and subsequent bone tissue destruction. Traditional treatments, including antibiotic therapy, surgical debridement, and bone grafting, often fail to address these defects effectively. However, recent advancements in biomaterials research have introduced innovative solutions for managing infectious bone defects.

Effect of immune checkpoint inhibitor time-of-day infusion on survival in advanced biliary tract cancer: a propensity score-matched analysis.

Background: Circadian rhythms in the immune system and anti-tumor responses are underexplored in cancer immunotherapy. Despite the success of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in treating advanced biliary tract cancers (BTCs), not all patients benefit. This study examined whether the timing of ICI administration affects outcomes in advanced BTC patients.

Association of cardiovascular health with cognitive function and the mediating effect of depressive state.

Background: Although previous research has substantiated lifestyle and cardiovascular-related measures have some impact on cognitive function, studies focusing on the correlation between Life's Essential 8 (LE8), an indicator for quantifying cardiovascular health (CVH), and cognitive function are limited. Consequently, this study sought to explore the potential link between CVH and cognitive function as well as to determine if depressive states mediated the relationship.

Methods: A total of 2,263 individuals were selected from the 2011-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).

Cell-type-specific regulators landscape and regulatory mechanisms underlying pyroptosis in uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma.

: Endometrial cancer (UCEC) has a significant detrimental effect on patient quality of life. Although pyroptosis-related genes have been reported to contribute to tumor pathogenesis, the specific mechanism of pyroptosis in patients with UCEC remains elusive. We provide an overview of the landscape of pyroptosis-related genes in UCEC tissues through single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-Seq) datasets from the tissues of UCEC of 6089 cells.

Mitochondrial Gene Scoring System: Predicting Prognosis and Precision Therapy for TACE Non-Response in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients.

Given the crucial role of mitochondria in the prognosis and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), we aim to develop two independent mitochondrial scoring systems to separately predict patient prognosis and the likelihood of transarterial chemoembolization non-response (TACE NR). Mitochondria-related candidate genes were selected and analyzed using univariate Cox and LASSO Cox regression analyses to create a risk prognosis score (RPS). Univariate and LASSO logistic regression analyses were used to establish the risk diagnosis score (RDS).

Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 2 is a promising prognostic biomarker that correlates with peritumoral dendritic cell infiltration in glioblastoma.

Despite the growing interest in Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 2 (PCK2) as a potential biomarker in cancer research, studies on its clinical relevance and biological processes in glioblastoma are still unexplored. Three main glioma cohorts (TCGA, CGGA, Rembrandt) were extracted to exploit the association between PCK2 expression and clinical relevance through Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, univariate and multivariate cox regression analysis. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect PCK2 expression in glioma samples.

MicroRNA MTCO3P38 Inhibits the TMOD1/MMP13 Pathway to Alleviate the Progression of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the deadliest types of tumors. MicroRNA (miRNA) MTCO3P38 is a novel miRNA derived from the pseudogene MTCO3P38 with 18 nucleotides in length. The target genes of miR-MTCO3P38 were predicted by Targetscan, RNAhybrid and PITA.