Toosendanin alleviates acute lung injury by reducing pulmonary vascular barrier dysfunction mediated by endoplasmic reticulum stress through mTOR.

Background: Acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are severe clinical conditions with limited treatment options. Toosendanin (TSN), a triterpenoid compound with anti-inflammatory effects, has unclear efficacy in ALI.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate TSN's protective effects on ALI and the related mechanisms.

Effect of mutation of secG gene in drug resistance and physiological and biochemical activities of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae.

Background: Bacterial leaf blight caused by the bacterium Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae has a substantial effect on the yield of rice crops. The secretory (Sec) pathway, essential for efflux transport in bacteria, remains insufficiently studied in X.

In vitro digestion and fecal fermentation of Tremella fuciformis exopolysaccharides from basidiospore-derived submerged fermentation.

Tremella fuciformis polysaccharides (TFPS) belong to natural bioactive macromolecule with both edible and medicinal value, possessing much bioactivities such as anti-tumor, antioxidant, antidiabetics, and immunomodulatory. Currently, the production of TFPS through submerged fermentation (TFPS-1) is gradually replacing the polysaccharides extracted from the fruiting body due to improved fermentation efficiency and reduced separation costs. However, it is still unclear about the effect of TFPS-1 on gastrointestinal digestion and gut microbial fermentation, which is directly related to the function of its biological activity.

CD11b deficiency attenuates the ischemia/reperfusion-induced AKI-to-CKD process by regulating macrophage polarization.

Severe acute kidney injury (AKI) is a risk factor for the future development of chronic kidney disease (CKD), and macrophages are an essential cell group implicated in injury, repair, and fibrosis during this progress. However, the underlying mechanism of how macrophages participate in the development of the disease is largely unclear. CD11b (Integrin α) is highly expressed in monocytes/macrophages and has been verified to mediate broad functions.

Risk factor assessment and microbiome analysis in peritoneal dialysis-related peritonitis reveal etiological characteristics.

Background: Peritoneal dialysis-related peritonitis (PDRP) is one of the most common complications of peritoneal dialysis (PD). Understanding the risk factors and etiological characteristics is indispensable for infection prevention and improving the outcome and life quality.

Methods: A total of 70 PD patients were separated into the PDRP group (n=25) and the control group (n=45).

Lactate metabolism and histone lactylation in the central nervous system disorders: impacts and molecular mechanisms.

Brain takes up approximately 20% of the total body oxygen and glucose consumption due to its relatively high energy demand. Glucose is one of the major sources to generate ATP, the process of which can be realized via glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, pentose phosphate pathways and others. Lactate serves as a hub molecule amid these metabolic pathways, as it may function as product of glycolysis, substrate of a variety of enzymes and signal molecule.

Pin1 promotes human Ca2.1 channel polyubiquitination by RNF138: pathophysiological implication for episodic ataxia type 2.

Loss-of-function mutations in the human gene encoding the neuron-specific Ca channel Ca2.1 are linked to the neurological disease episodic ataxia type 2 (EA2), as well as neurodevelopmental disorders such as developmental delay and developmental epileptic encephalopathy. Disease-associated Ca2.

[Clinical features and genetic analysis of four cases of pediatric acute liver failure caused by gene variants].

To analyze the clinical and genetic features of pediatric acute liver failure (PALF) caused by neuroblastoma-amplified sequence () gene variants and to investigate the correlation between clinical phenotypes and genotypes. A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data and genetic test results of 4 pediatric patients with gene variants presenting primarily with PALF, who were admitted to the Department of Gastroenterology at the Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine from August 2015 to June 2023. A literature review was performed using the keywords "NBAS", "neuroblastoma amplified sequence", "SOPH", "short stature with optic nerve atrophy and Pelger-Huët anomaly", "liver failure", and "neuroblastoma amplified sequence" in both Chinese and English, searching the CNKI, Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform, and PubMed databases for articles published from January 2015 to May 2024.

Bead-Based DNA Synthesis and Sequencing for Integrated Data Storage Using Digital Microfluidics.

DNA is considered as a prospective candidate for the next-generation data storage medium, due to its high coding density, long cold-storage lifespan, and low energy consumption. Despite these advantages, challenges remain in achieving high-fidelity, fully integrated, and cost-efficient DNA storage system. In this study, a homemade digital microfluidic (DMF)-based compact DNA data storing pipeline is orchestrated to complete the entire process from the synthesis to the sequencing.

A subunit vaccine based on P97R1, P46, P42, and P65 from can induce significant immune response in piglets.

(MPS), caused by (Mhp), is a chronic, airborne respiratory disease that poses a significant threat to the global swine industry. The P97 and P46 proteins are major antigens of Mhp, with the R1 region of P97 possessing full adhesive capability. Studies have shown that the main antigenic regions of Mhp P42 and P65 proteins exhibit strong immunogenicity.

Synthetic Retinoid Sulfarotene Selectively Inhibits Tumor-Repopulating Cells of Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma via Disrupting Cytoskeleton by P-Selectin/PSGL1 N-Glycosylation Blockage.

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is a highly lethal malignancy that currently lacks effective clinical treatments. Eliminating stem cell-like cancer cells is an extremely promising but challenging strategy for treating ICC. A recently developed synthetic retinoid, sulfarotene, abrogates proliferation, and induces apoptosis of tumor-repopulating cells (TRCs) that exhibit stem cell-like properties, yet its effect and underlying mechanisms remain elusive in ICC.

The effects of disturbance on hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid axis in zebrafish larvae after exposure to polyvinyl alcohol.

In recent years, considerable concerns have been raised regarding environmental pollution caused by water-soluble polymers (WSPs). Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), used in the textile industry and in the manufacture of medical consumables, is one type of WSPs. After use, PVA is discharged and enters aquatic ecosystems, but most of it cannot be completely biodegraded in the environment.

5-azaC treatment affected anthocyanins, sugars and organic acids and reduced DNA methylation in Merlot grape.

DNA methylation plays a crucial role in regulating gene expression, thereby affecting the growth and development of organisms. The application of 5-azacytidine (5-azaC) serves as a potent regulator of DNA methylation levels by inhibiting DNA methyltransferase activity, which subsequently impacts organismal growth and development. In this study, we explored the effects of varying concentrations of 5-azaC on the growth and fruit quality attributes of Merlot grapes.

Parallel random fiber Bragg gratings in cladding for a narrow linewidth random fiber laser.

Using the fs-IR laser point-by-point inscription method, parallel-cladding random fiber Bragg gratings (Parallel-CLRFBGs) were fabricated in a single-mode fiber (SMF) as a novel, to the best of our knowledge, filtering device for random fiber lasers (RFLs). The Parallel-CLRFBGs effectively control light scattering and interference, enhancing system feedback through increased backward Rayleigh scattering. Compared to conventional axially cascaded random gratings, gratings aligned in parallel within sub-centimeter cladding improve the integration of a laser system.

The interaction of adenosine and dopamine in modulating the consequences of central nervous system oxygen toxicity.

Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) refers to pure oxygen with a pressure greater than 1 atmospheres absolute (ATA), and when the pressure is too high, it can cause convulsive attacks. Adenosine and dopamine have been shown to be closely associated with HBO-induced convulsion seizures, and their receptors exhibited a coexisting relationship of mutual antagonism on the membrane of nerve cells. We explored the influence of adenosine and dopamine interplay on the occurrence of oxygen convulsion.

Polyamines: The valuable bio-stimulants and endogenous signaling molecules for plant development and stress response.

Polyamines (PAs) are nitrogenous and polycationic compounds containing more than two amine residues. Numerous investigations have demonstrated that cellular PA homeostasis plays a key role in various developmental and physiological processes. The PA balance, which may be affected by many environmental factors, is finely maintained by the pathways of PA biosynthesis and degradation (catabolism).

Exploring the molecular design principles for efficient diarylethene photoacid and photohydride generators based on the photochemical reaction mechanism.

Photoacid generators (PAGs) and photohydride generators (PHGs) are specific photolabile protecting groups that release acid and hydride, respectively. Over the past decade, great efforts have been devoted to developing novel PAGs and PHGs with advanced efficiency, among which, two of the promising candidates are diarylethene (DAE)-based PAGs and PHGs, which release acids/hydrides during photochromic electrocyclization. The release quantum yield for PAGs is acceptable, while that of PHGs is only 4.

Managing allorejection in off-the-shelf CAR-engineered cell therapies.

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-engineered T (CAR-T) cell therapy has revolutionized the treatment of various diseases, including cancers and autoimmune disorders. However, all US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved CAR-T cell therapies are autologous, and their widespread clinical application is limited by several challenges, such as complex individualized manufacturing, high costs, and the need for patient-specific selection. Allogeneic off-the-shelf CAR-engineered cell therapy offers promising potential due to its immediate availability, consistent quality, potency, and scalability in manufacturing.