Osthole ameliorates wear particle-induced osteogenic impairment by mitigating endoplasmic reticulum stress via PERK signaling cascade.

Background: Periprosthetic osteolysis and subsequent aseptic loosening are the leading causes of failure following total joint arthroplasty. Osteogenic impairment induced by wear particles is regarded as a crucial contributing factor in the development of osteolysis, with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress identified as a key underlying mechanism. Therefore, identifying potential therapeutic targets and agents that can regulate ER stress adaption in osteoblasts is necessary for arresting aseptic loosening.

Impact of SGLT2 inhibitors on cardiovascular outcomes and metabolic events in Chinese han patients with chronic heart failure.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the real-world impact of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) on the efficacy, safety, and metabolic profiles of patients with chronic heart failure (CHF), both with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: A cohort of 1,130 patients with reduced ejection fraction chronic heart failure (HFrEF) was recruited from Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, spanning January 2021 to August 2023. Among these, 154 patients received SGLT2i therapy, while 131 patients were assigned to a non-SGLT2i group, following specified inclusion and exclusion criteria.

The Influence of Pelvic Bone Dose-volume Parameters on Bone Marrow Suppression During Radiation Therapy in Patients With Stage I to III Rectal Cancer Based on Real-world Data.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of pelvic bone dose-volume parameters on bone marrow suppression during radiation therapy (RT) in patients with rectal cancer stage I to III disease receiving either neoadjuvant radiation therapy (neo-RT) or curative-intent radiation therapy (cur-RT).

Methods And Materials: This was a retrospective study with data mined from an electronic medical record review at a single institution. Between January 2016 and September 2022, patients with rectal cancer who consecutively received neo-RT or cur-RT in our department were included.

Umbilical Cord-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Improve Ornidazole-Induced Asthenozoospermia in Rats via Activation of the AKT/mTOR Pathway.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been highly confirmed for their critical role in the treatment of different diseases. This study focuses on the mechanism of umbilical cord-derived MSCs (UC-MSCs) in the treatment of ornidazole (ORN)-induced asthenozoospermia (AS) in rats via the AKT/mTOR pathway. An animal model of AS was established in ORN-induced rats, followed by treatment of UC-MSCs and rapamycin (autophagy activator) or MK-2206 (AKT inhibitor).

Individualized rTMS Intervention Targeting Sleep Deprivation-Induced Vigilance Decline: Task fMRI-Guided Approach.

Study Objectives: Sleep deprivation (SD) is prevalent in our increasingly round-the-clock society. Optimal countermeasures such as ample recovery sleep are often unfeasible, and brief naps, while helpful, do not fully restore cognitive performance following SD. Thus, we propose that targeted interventions, such as repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), may enhance cognitive performance recovery post-SD.

Electroactive RuPt NPs programmed dual-channel electrochemical sensor for methyl mercaptan monitoring.

The accurate and sensitive detection of methyl mercaptan (CHSH) was of great significance for food corruption monitoring. Electroactive labels engineered electrochemical sensors possessed tailorable electrochemical responses, and showed potential prospects for CHSH monitoring. In comparison to a single electrochemical signal, electroactive nanocomposites with multiple electrochemical responses not only provided multi-channel sensing signals for accurate detection, but also increased the peak intensity for sensitive detection.

Identification of two novel genetic variants for Ellis-van Creveld syndrome from a Chinese family through whole exome sequencing.

Objective: This study conducted genetic testing and analysis on the fetal tissue of a terminated pregnancy to clarify the cause of the fetal abnormalities.

Methods: A fetus with multiple malformations detected during mid-pregnancy was terminated. Trio whole exome sequencing (Trio-WES) was performed on the fetal tissue.

Fine-Grained Temporal Site Monitoring in EGD Streams Via Visual Time-Aware Embedding and Vision-Text Asymmetric Coworking.

Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) requires inspecting plentiful upper gastrointestinal (UGI) sites completely for a precise cancer screening. Automated temporal site monitoring for EGD assistance is thus of high demand, yet often fails if directly applying the existing methods of online action detection. The key challenges are two- fold: 1) the global camera motion dominates, invalidating the temporal patterns derived from the object optical flows, and 2) the UGI sites are fine-grained, yielding highly homogenized appearances.

Study on the mechanism of Xinmailong injection against chronic heart failure based on transcriptomics and proteomics.

Xinmailong (XML), a traditional Chinese medicine derived from Periplaneta americana, is commonly used in China to treat chronic heart failure (CHF). However, its pharmacological mechanism remains unclear. In our research, we employed Doxorubicin (Dox) to create a CHF animal model and administered XML treatment to investigate the pharmacological effects of XML on CHF rats by combining transcriptomic and proteomic analyses.

Novel genomic and phenotypic traits of polyhydroxyalkanoate-producing bacterium ZZQ-149, the type strain of Halomonas qinghailakensis.

Background: Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are optimal potential materials for industrial and medical uses, characterized by exceptional sustainability, biodegradability, and biocompatibility. These are primarily from various bacteria and archaea. Bacterial strains with effective PHA formation capabilities and minimal production cost form the foundation for PHA production.

Targeting auditory verbal hallucinations in schizophrenia: effective connectivity changes induced by low-frequency rTMS.

Low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has emerged as an effective intervention for alleviating symptoms of psychiatric disorders, particularly schizophrenia characterized by persistent auditory verbal hallucinations (AVH). However, the underlying mechanism of its action remain elusive. This study employed a randomized controlled design to investigate the impact of low-frequency rTMS on the neural connectivity at the stimulate site, specifically left temporoparietal junction (TPJ), in schizophrenia patients with suffering from AVH.

Effect of reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by pyridine and quinoline on NH-N removal under phenol stress: The shift of nitrification pathway and its potential mechanisms.

Pyridine and quinoline are typical nitrogenous heterocyclic compounds with different structures that are found in coking wastewater. However, neither the corresponding mechanism nor its effect on the degradation of NH-N under phenol stress is known. In this study, the effects of pyridine and quinoline degradation on NH-N removal under phenol stress were evaluated using three lab-scale sequencing batch reactors.

Path analysis of influencing factors for anxiety and depression among first-trimester pregnant women.

Background: Prenatal anxiety and depression exert a significant influence on the physiological and psychological health outcomes of both expectant mothers and their infants. The aim of this study was to explore the intrinsic relationships between maternal anxiety, depression in early pregnancy, and their influencing factors. The findings of this study provide scientific basis for developing targeted preventive interventions.

Emerging roles of liquid-liquid phase separation in liver innate immunity.

Biomolecular condensates formed by liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) have become an extensive mechanism of macromolecular metabolism and biochemical reactions in cells. Large molecules like proteins and nucleic acids will spontaneously aggregate and assemble into droplet-like structures driven by LLPS when the physical and chemical properties of cells are altered. LLPS provides a mature molecular platform for innate immune response, which tightly regulates key signaling in liver immune response spatially and physically, including DNA and RNA sensing pathways, inflammasome activation, and autophagy.

Analysis of factors influencing medical students' learning engagement and its implications for teaching work-- a network analysis perspective.

Purpose: Higher medical education has always been a major project in the fields of education and health, and therefore, the quality of education has received much attention. Learning engagement has emerged as a significant indicator of teaching quality, attracting considerable research attention. This study aims to explore the relationship between medical students' learning engagement and their sense of school belonging, professional identity, and academic self-efficacy.

Effects of computerized working memory training on neuroplasticity in healthy individuals: A combined neuroimaging and neurotransmitter study.

Working memory (WM) is an essential cognitive function that underpins various higher-order cognitive processes. Improving WM capacity through targeted training interventions has emergered as a potential approach for enhancing cognitive abilities. The present study employed an 8-week regimen of computerized WM training (WMT) to investigate its effect on neuroplasticity in healthy individuals, utilizing neuroimaging data gathered both before and after the training.

Coordination Desymmetrization of Copper Single-Atom Catalyst for Efficient Nitrate Reduction.

Coordination engineering strategy for optimizing the catalytic performance of single-atom catalysts (SACs) has been rapidly developed over the last decade. However, previous reports on copper SACs for nitrate reduction reactions (NORR) have mostly focused on symmetric coordination configurations such as Cu-N and Cu-N. In addition, the mechanism in terms of the regulation of coordination environment and catalytic properties of SACs has not been well demonstrated.

TSC1 splicing mutation in renal angiomyolipoma with epithelial cysts without fat: A very rare case report and literature review.

Renal angiomyolipoma is a benign mesenchymal tumor that can be divided into classical and other subtypes. Angiomyolipoma with epithelial cysts (AMLEC) is an extremely rare non classical subtype. AMLEC without fat component is even rarer.

Preoperative prediction of microvascular invasion risk in hepatocellular carcinoma with MRI: peritumoral versus tumor region.

Objectives: To explore the predictive performance of tumor and multiple peritumoral regions on dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), to identify optimal regions of interest for developing a preoperative predictive model for the grade of microvascular invasion (MVI).

Methods: A total of 147 patients who were surgically diagnosed with hepatocellular carcinoma, and had a maximum tumor diameter ≤ 5 cm were recruited and subsequently divided into a training set (n = 117) and a testing set (n = 30) based on the date of surgery. We utilized a pre-trained AlexNet to extract deep learning features from seven different regions of the maximum transverse cross-section of tumors in various MRI sequence images.