Phenol-Quinone Redox Couples of Natural Organic Matter Promote Mercury Methylation in Paddy Soil.

Methylmercury in paddy soils poses threats to food security and thus human health. Redox-active phenolic and quinone moieties of natural organic matter (NOM) mediate electron transfer between microbes and mercury during mercury reduction. However, their role in mercury methylation remains elusive.

Unlocking Chiral Sulfinimidoyl Electrophiles: Asymmetric Synthesis of Sulfinamides Catalyzed by Anionic Stereogenic-at-Cobalt(III) Complexes.

Asymmetric catalysis involving a sulfoxide electrophile intermediate presents an efficient methodology for accessing stereogenic-at-sulfur compounds, such as sulfinate esters, sulfinamides, , which have garnered increasing attention in modern pharmaceutical sciences. However, as the aza-analog of sulfoxide electrophiles, the asymmetric issues about electrophilic sulfinimidoyl species remain largely unexplored and represent a significant challenge in sulfur stereochemistry. Herein, we exhibit an anionic stereogenic-at-cobalt(III) complex-catalyzed asymmetric synthesis of chiral sulfinamides via chiral sulfinimidoyl iodide intermediates.

Dual-Ligand-Driven Dark Reactive Oxygen Species Generation on Iron Oxyhydroxides: Implications for Environmental Remediation.

The dark generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), particularly hydroxyl radicals (·OH), is crucial in the oxidative transformation of various pollutants. However, the mechanisms behind this process are predominantly linked to direct O activation by reduced substances such as Fe(II) and natural organic matter. In this study, we introduce a previously overlooked dual-ligand mechanism that significantly amplifies ·OH generation on iron oxyhydroxides, facilitated by cysteine and pyrophosphate.

Quantitatively Tracking the Speciation and Dynamics of Selenium Nanoparticles in Rice Plants.

The uptake, translocation, and transformation of engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) in plants present significant challenges due to the lack of effective determination methods. This is especially true for selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs), which hold promise for Se-biofortified agriculture and exhibit dynamic behaviors within plant system. Herein, we proposed a novel approach that incorporates enzymic digestion and membrane filtration to selectively extract SeNPs and dissolved Se from plant tissues, employing rice () plant as a model.

[Retracted] Jumonji AT‑rich interactive domain 1B overexpression is associated with the development and progression of glioma.

Following the publication of this paper, and subsequently to the publication of a corrigendum (DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2016.

Microplastic-derived dissolved organic matter: Generation, characterization, and environmental behaviors.

Microplastics (MPs) represent a substantial and emerging class of pollutants distributed widely in various environments, sparking growing concerns about their environmental impact. In environmental systems, dissolved organic matter (DOM) is crucial in shaping the physical, chemical, and biological processes of pollutants while significantly contributing to the global carbon budget. Recent findings have revealed that microplastic-derived dissolved organic matter (MP-DOM) constitutes approximately 10 % of the DOM present on the ocean surface, drawing considerable attention.

Direct evidence for the occurrence of indigenous cadmium-based nanoparticles in paddy soils.

Speciation of heavy metal-based nanoparticles (NPs) in paddy soils greatly determines their fate and potential risk towards food safety. However, quantitative understanding of such distinctive species remains challenging, because they are commonly presented at trace levels (e.g.

Multifunctional Roles of Zinc in Cadmium Transport in Soil-Rice Systems: Novel Insights from Stable Isotope Fractionation and Gene Expression.

The effect of Zn on Cd accumulation in rice varies under flooding and drainage conditions, and the underlying mechanism during uptake and transport from the soil to grains remains unclear. Isotope fractionation and gene expression were investigated using pot experiments under distinct water regimes and with Zn addition to gain a deeper understanding of the molecular effects of Zn on Cd uptake and transport in rice. The higher expression but constitutively lower expression of zinc-regulated, iron-regulated transporter-like protein () family genes in roots under the drainage regime than the flooding regime caused the enrichment of nonheavy Zn isotopes in the shoots relative to roots but minimally affected Cd isotopic fractionation.

Nanoconfined Fe(II) releaser for long-term arsenic immobilization and its sustainability assessment.

Ferrous (Fe(II))-based oxygen activation for pollutant abatements in soil and groundwater has attracted great attention, while the low utilization and insufficient longevity of electron donors are the primary challenges to hinder its practical applications. Herein, we propose a nanoconfined Fe(II) releasing strategy that enables stable long-term electron donation for oxygen activation and efficient arsenic (As) immobilization under oxic conditions, by encapsulating zero-valent iron in biomass-derived carbon shell (ZVI@porous carbon composites; ZVI@PC). This strategy effectively enhances the generation of reactive oxygen species, enabling efficient oxidation and subsequent immobilization of As(III) in soils.

Synergistic effects of warming and humic substances on driving arsenic reduction and methanogenesis in flooded paddy soil.

Microbially-driven arsenic reduction and methane emissions in anaerobic soils are regulated by widespread humic substances (HS), while how this effect responds to climate change remains unknown. We investigated potential synergistic effects of HS in response to temperature changes in arsenic-contaminated paddy soils treated with humic acid (HA) and fulvic acid (FA) at temperatures ranging from 15 to 45 °C. Our results reveal a significant increase in arsenic reduction (5.

Microbial arsenic methylation in soil-water systems and its environmental significance.

In this review, we have summarized the current knowledge about the environmental importance, relevance, and consequences of microbial arsenic (As) methylation in various ecosystems. In this regard, we have presented As biomethylation in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems particularly in rice paddy soils and wetlands. The functions of As biomethylation by microbial consortia in anaerobic and aerobic conditions are extensively discussed.

Residue changes, degradation, processing factors and their relation between physicochemical properties of pesticides in peanuts during multiproduct processing.

This study systematically investigates the residue changes, processing factors (PFs), and relation between the physicochemical properties of pesticides during peanut processing. Results revealed that peeling, washing, and boiling treatments removed partial or substantial pesticide residues from peanuts with PFs of 0.29-1.

Ubiquitin-specific protease 7 inhibitors reveal a differentiated mechanism of p53-driven anti-cancer activity.

The USP7 deubiquitinase regulates proteins involved in the cell cycle, DNA repair, and epigenetics and has been implicated in cancer progression. USP7 inhibition has been pursued for the development of anti-cancer therapies. Here, we describe the discovery of potent and specific USP7 inhibitors exemplified by FX1-5303.

Residue levels, processing factors and risk assessment of pesticides in ginger from market to table.

Ginger is consumed as a spice and medicine globally. However, pesticide residues in ginger and their residue changes during processing remain poorly understood. Our results demonstrate that clothianidin, carbendazim and imidacloprid were the top detected pesticides in 152 ginger samples with detection rates of 17.

Dissipation, accumulation, distribution and risk assessment of fungicides in greenhouse and open-field cowpeas.

Pesticide residues in cowpeas have raised worldwide concern. However, only a few studies have focused on pesticide accumulation and distribution in greenhouse and open-field cowpeas. Field trial results suggest that difenoconazole, dimethomorph, thifluzamide and pyraclostrobin dissipated faster in open fields (mean half-lives, 1.

Greenhouse cultivation enhances pesticide bioaccumulation in cowpeas following repeated spraying.

Understanding pesticide residue patterns in crops is important for ensuring human health. However, data on residue accumulation and distribution in cowpeas grown in the greenhouse and open field are lacking. Our results suggest that acetamiprid, chlorantraniliprole, cyromazine, and thiamethoxam residues in greenhouse cowpeas were 1.

Multitask Deep Learning Enabling a Synergy for Cadmium and Methane Mitigation with Biochar Amendments in Paddy Soils.

Biochar has demonstrated significant promise in addressing heavy metal contamination and methane (CH) emissions in paddy soils; however, achieving a synergy between these two goals is challenging due to various variables, including the characteristics of biochar and soil properties that influence biochar's performance. Here, we successfully developed an interpretable multitask deep learning (MTDL) model by employing a tensor tracking paradigm to facilitate parameter sharing between two separate data sets, enabling a synergy between Cd and CH mitigation with biochar amendments. The characteristics of biochar contribute similar weightings of 67.

Integration with carbon capture technology enables a positive carbon balance for sustainable rice paddy remediation with calcium‑silicon composites.

In situ stabilization technologies based on lime-derived materials are extensively used for remediating Cd-contaminated paddy soils. However, the environmental impacts and carbon budget associated with these technologies throughout the paddy soil remediation life cycle are gaining increasing attention. Herein, through paddy field trials, two representative lime-derived materials, quicklime and calcium-silicon composite (Ca/Si), are evaluated for their remediation effectiveness and environmental sustainability in the remediation of Cd-contaminated soils.

Near-Infrared Light and Acid/Base Dual-Regulated Polymerization Utilizing Imidazole-Anion-Fused Perylene Diimides as Photocatalysts.

This work presents the first example of acid/base-responsive and near-infrared (NIR)-absorbing photocatalysts based on imidazole-anion-fused perylene diimide chromophores. The photocatalysts were in situ generated by deprotonation of imidazole-fused perylene diimide under an alkaline environment. NIR (λ = 730 nm, 128 mW/cm) photoinduced atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) was implemented, exhibiting high efficiency and excellent livingness under ppm level of photocatalysts (15 ppm relative to monomer) and Cu(II) complex (10 ppm relative to monomer) concentrations.

Comprehensive next-generation sequencing reveals double primary colorectal carcinoma missed by diagnostic imaging: A case report.

Background: Multiple primary colorectal carcinoma (MPCC) is a rare clinical disease, which is challenging to differentiate from metastatic disease using histopathological methods. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has been employed to identify multiple primary cancers.

Case Summary: This study a rare case of a 63-year-old male patient diagnosed with MPCC by targeted NGS, which was initially missed by radiological evaluation.

Cooperative roles of phosphate and dissolved organic matter in inhibiting ferrihydrite transformation and their distinct fates.

Phosphate and dissolved organic matter (DOM) mediate the crystalline transformation of ferrihydrite catalyzed by Fe(II) in subsurface environments such as soils and groundwater. However, the cooperative mechanisms underlying the mediation of phosphate and DOM in crystalline transformation of ferrihydrite and the feedback effects on their own distribution and speciation remain unresolved. In this study, solid characterization indicates that phosphate and DOM can collectively inhibit the crystalline transformation of ferrihydrite to lepidocrocite and thus goethite, via synergetic effects of inhibiting recrystallization and electron transfer.

Enantioselective Access to Chiral 2,5-Diketopiperazines via Stereogenic-at-Cobalt(III)-Catalyzed Ugi-4CRs/Cyclization Sequences.

An asymmetric synthesis of chiral 2,5-diketopiperazines by the Ugi-4CR/cyclization is exhibited. The employment of catalytic anionic chiral Co(III) complexes delivered α-propiolyl aminoamides in high yields with excellent enantioselectivities (31 examples, up to 95% ee). The following treatment of Ugi-adducts with PPh leads to chiral 2,5-DKPs without significant loss of enantioselectivities (26 examples, up to 91% ee).

Roles of Chloride and Sulfate Ions in Controlling Cadmium Transport in a Soil-Rice System as Evidenced by the Cd Isotope Fingerprint.

Anions accompanying inorganic fertilizers, such as chloride and sulfate ions, potentially affect the solubility, uptake, and transport of Cd to rice grains. However, the role of anions in controlling Cd transport in the soil-soil solution-Fe plaque-rice plant continuum remains poorly understood. Cd isotope ratios were applied to Cd-contaminated soil pots, hydroponic rice, and adsorption experiments with or without KCl and KSO treatments to decipher transport processes in the complex soil-rice system.

Surface functional groups and biofilm formation on microplastics: Environmental implications.

Microplastics (MPs) contamination is becoming a significant environmental issue, as the widespread omnipresence of MPs can cause many adverse consequences for both ecological systems and humans. Contrary to what is commonly thought, the toxicity-inducing MPs are not the original pristine plastics; rather, they are completely transformed through various surface functional groups and aggressive biofilm formation on MPs via aging or weathering processes. Therefore, understanding the impacts of MPs' surface functional groups and biofilm formation on biogeochemical processes, such as environmental fate, transport, and toxicity, is crucial.