Turnbull-Cutait pull-through coloanal anastomosis versus standard coloanal anastomosis plus diverting ileostomy for low anterior resection: a meta-analysis and systematic review.

Purpose: Coloanal anastomosis with loop diverting ileostomy (CAA) is an option for low anterior resection of the rectum, and Turnbull-Cutait coloanal anastomosis (TCA) regained popularity in the effort to offer patients a reconstructive option. In this context, we aimed to compare both techniques.

Methods: PubMed, Cochrane, and Scopus were searched for studies published until January 2024.

Activation of the Adipose Tissue NLRP3 Inflammasome Pathway in Cancer Cachexia.

Background: Cachexia is a paraneoplastic syndrome that accompanies and compromises cancer treatment, especially in advanced stages, affecting the metabolism and function of several organs. The adipose tissue is the first to respond to the presence of the tumor, contributing to the secretion of factors which drive the systemic inflammation, a hallmark of the syndrome. While inflammation is a defensive innate response, the control mechanisms have been reported to be disrupted in cachexia.

Myokines in treatment-naïve patients with cancer-associated cachexia.

Cancer-associated cachexia is a complex metabolic syndrome characterized by weight loss and systemic inflammation. Muscle loss and fatty infiltration into muscle are associated with poor prognosis in cancer patients. Skeletal muscle secretes myokines, factors with autocrine, paracrine and/or endocrine action, which may be modified by or play a role in cachexia.

Comparative study between amputation of the rectum in the classic Lloyd-Davies position and in ventral decubitus.

Objective: to evaluate the benefits and disadvantages of the ventral decubitus position compared with that of Lloyd-Davies in patients submitted to abdominoperineal amputation of the rectum.

Methods: we conducted a retrospective study of 56 patients submitted to abdominoperineal amputation of the rectum due to distal rectal and anal canal neoplasms, treated at the Central Hospital of the Santa Casa de Misericórdia in São Paulo between 2008 and 2017.

Results: patients' mean age was 63.

Malignant transformation of abdominal wall endometriosis to clear cell carcinoma: case report.

Background: Malignant transformation of endometriosis in the abdominal wall is a rare and still poorly understood event. Less than 30 cases have been reported in the worldwide literature. Most cases of solid tumors are report in a previous abdominal scar with malignant transformation of a focus of endometriosis.

Impact of neoadjuvant therapy in downstaging of lower rectal adenocarcinoma and the role of pelvic magnetic resonance in staging.

Objective: to evaluate the effect of neoadjuvant therapy on the stage (TNM) of patients with rectal adenocarcinoma and validate the use of MRI as a method of determining locoregional stage.

Methods: we conducted a retrospective study of 157 patients with lower rectum adenocarcinoma, whom we divided into two groups: Group 1, 81 patients (52%) who had undergone surgical treatment initially, with the purpose to analyze the accuracy of locoregional staging by pelvic magnetic resonance imaging throug the comparison of radiological findings with pathological ones; Group 2, 76 patients (48%), who had been submitted to neoadjuvant therapy (chemotherapy and radiation) prior to definitive surgical treatment, so as to evaluate its effects on the stage by comparing clinical and radiological findings with pathology.

Results: In group 1, the accuracy of determining tumor depth (T) and lymph node involvement (N) was 91.

Rectal cancer staging: Correlation between the evaluation with radial echoendoscope and rigid linear probe.

Background And Objectives: The National Cancer Institute estimated 40,340 new cases of rectal cancer in the United States in 2013. The correct staging of rectal cancer is fundamental for appropriate treatment of this disease. Transrectal ultrasound is considered one of the best methods for locoregional staging of rectal tumors, both radial echoendoscope and rigid linear probes are used to perform these procedures.

Is the delayed surgery after neoadjuvant chemoradiation beneficial for locally advanced rectal cancer?

Background: Neoadjuvant treatment with radiotherapy and chemotherapy is the preferred regimen for locally advanced rectal cancer, aiming to increase resectability and decrease local recurrence.

Aim: To evaluate the benefits of delayed surgery after neoadjuvant chemoradiation in advanced rectal cancer regarding aspects of tumor response, survival and its deleterious effects.

Methods: Were treated 106 patients consecutively with locally advanced rectal adenocarcinoma.

Inflammatory bowel disease activity assessed by fecal calprotectin and lactoferrin: correlation with laboratory parameters, clinical, endoscopic and histological indexes.

Background: Research has shown that fecal biomarkers are useful to assess the activity of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The aim of the study is: to evaluate the efficacy of the fecal lactoferrin and calprotectin as indicators of inflammatory activity.

Findings: A total of 78 patients presenting inflammatory bowel disease were evaluated.

[Rectal and anal straining pressures in primigravidae].

Objective: This study intended to evaluate rectal and anal straining pressures in primigravidae, at simulated defecation.

Methods: The present study is based on 60 women from de Antenatal Care of Santa Casa de Misericórdia - São Paulo. Patients were divided into four groups of 15: a)

Control Group: nuligravidae; b) 1st trimester primigravidae; c) 2nd trimester primigravidae; d) 3rd trimester primigravidae.

[Surgical treatment of rectal prolapse by the Delorme technique and rectopexy].

Objective: Rectopexy is the most common technique used to correct rectal prolapse. Perineal procedures such as the Delorme technique and others are employed for older frail patients with significant comorbidity because of the higher recurrence rate. This study evaluated results of the Delorme technique and rectopexy.