Risk factors for varus knee osteoarthritis and their relationship with disease severity based on Kellgren-Lawrence classification.

Objective: To explore the hazard element of varus knee osteoarthritis (OA) and its relationship with Ailment severity based on the Kellgren-Lawrence classification.

Methods: This study selected a cohort of patients who initially presented without clinical signs of arthritis and did not exhibit knee valgus or varus deformities when assessed from a hip-knee-ankle alignment perspective, focusing on the internal side. As the study progressed some individuals developed OA.

Enhancing acidification efficiency of vegetable wastes through heat shock pretreatment and initial pH regulation.

Anaerobic digestion (AD) technology is a practical approach to alleviate severe environmental issues caused by vegetable wastes (VWs). However, its primary product is methane-rich biogas converted from the precursors (mainly volatile fatty acids, VFAs) after long fermentation periods, making traditional AD projects of low economic profits. Intervening in the methanogenesis stage artificially to produce high value-added VFAs can shorten the reaction time of the AD process and significantly improve profits, posing a promising alternative for treating VWs.

Performance and mechanism of various microaerobic pretreatments on anaerobic digestion of tobacco straw.

Tobacco straw is an abundant biomass in China's agricultural ecosystems, and has high potential for methane production. However, the anaerobic digestion (AD) efficiency is limited by the recalcitrant lignocellulose structure of the tobacco straw. In this study, three microaerobic pretreatments were performed for the AD of tobacco straw to increase methane production.

Machine learning-based prediction of methane production from lignocellulosic wastes.

The biochemical methane potential test is a standard method to determine the biodegradability of lignocellulosic wastes (LWs) during anaerobic digestion (AD) with disadvantages of long experiment duration and high operating expense. This paper developed a machine learning model to predict the cumulative methane yield (CMY) using the data of 157 LWs regarding physicochemical characteristics, digestion condition and methane yield, with the coefficient of determination equal to 0.869.

Understanding the mechanism of enhanced anaerobic biodegradation of biodegradable plastics after alkaline pretreatment.

Biodegradable plastics (BPs) tend to replace conventional plastics, which increases the amount of BP waste entering the environment. The anaerobic environment exists extensively in nature, and anaerobic digestion has become a widely used technique for organic waste treatment. Many kinds of BPs have low biodegradability (B) and biodegradation rates under anaerobic condition due to the limitation of hydrolysis, so they still have harmful environmental consequences in anaerobic environment.

Biosynthesis of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxvalerate) from volatile fatty acids by Cupriavidus necator.

A promising strategy to alleviate the plastic pollution from traditional petroleum-based plastics is the application of biodegradable plastics, in which polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) have received increasing interest owing to their considerable biodegradability. In the PHAs family, poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxvalerate) (PHBV) has better mechanical properties, which possesses broader application prospects. With this purpose, the present study adopted Cupriavidus necator to synthesize PHBV utilizing volatile fatty acids (VFAs) as sole carbon sources.

Recycling different textile wastes for methane production: Morphological and microstructural changes and microbial community dynamics.

The dramatic increase of textile wastes has become a major global concern, which calls for alternative practices to alleviate severe environmental pollution and waste of resources due to their improper disposal and management. Anaerobic digestion (AD) is a cost-effective and eco-friendly technology that allows the bioconversion of organic wastes into clean energy (methane), which might be potentially useful for recycling textile wastes. In this study, AD was applied to 11 commonly available textile wastes in daily life to explore their feasibility, along with the methane production efficiency, biodegradability (B), degradation mechanism, and microbial community dynamics during AD.

Reveal the Mechanisms of Yi-Fei-Jian-Pi-Tang on Covid-19 through Network Pharmacology Approach.

Objectives: The Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) formula Yi-Fei-Jian-Pi-Tang (YFJPT) has been demonstrated effective against Corona Virus Disease 2019 (Covid-19). The aim of this article is to make a thorough inquiry about its active constituent as well as mechanisms against Covid-19 via TCM network pharmacology.

Methods: All the ingredients of YFJPT are obtained from the pharmacology database of the TCM system.

Impact of different pretreatments on the anaerobic digestion performance of cucumber vine.

Copious amounts of cucumber vine (CV) derived from crop growing and harvesting are casually discarded in the field, posing severely negative impacts on public health and the ecological environment. Treating CV via anaerobic digestion (AD) could represent a promising approach while the recalcitrant lignocellulosic structure restricts its conversion efficiency, thus underscoring the importance of valid pretreatments. This study systematically investigated the effects of nine types of commonly applied chemical pretreatments involved HSO, HCl, HPO, NaOH, KOH, Ca(OH), CaO, HO, and alkaline hydrogen peroxide (AHP) pretreatments on methane production of CV.

Influences of organic loading, feed-to-inoculum ratio, and different pretreatment strategies on the methane production performance of eggplant stalk.

A large amount of eggplant stalk (ES) is incinerated after harvesting of eggplant every year, which aggravates environmental pollution and waste of resources. Converting ES into methane through anaerobic digestion (AD) technology may be a potential treatment method, considering the low environmental impact and high energy recovery. Firstly, this study explored the effects of organic loading (OL) and feed to inoculum ratio (F/I ratio) on the AD of ES by response surface methodology (RSM).

[Advance in the degradation of biodegradable plastics in different environments].

With the continuously increasing demands of plastic products in the current society, the challenge of disposing plastic waste is constantly increasing, leading to the urgent need of mitigating plastic pollution. As a consequence, much attention has been paid to biodegradable plastics due to their degradability in a bio-active environment under certain conditions. Biodegradable plastics herald vast development potentials and considerable market prospects.

Degradation of biodegradable plastics by anaerobic digestion: Morphological, micro-structural changes and microbial community dynamics.

The serious environmental problem caused by traditional plastics has stimulated the popularization of biodegradable plastics (BPs). However, the rigorous prerequisite for the efficient degradation of BPs has not eliminated its potential hazard to nature. In most biosystems exists the anaerobic environment, but it is still controversial whether BPs can be degraded under such condition.

Study on corrosion behavior and mechanism of AISI 4135 steel in marine environments based on field exposure experiment.

The application of high-strength steels in marine engineering is gaining importance because of their high performance and ability to help save resources. However, detailed and systematic information about the corrosion behavior of high-strength steels in different marine corrosion zones is still limited. This study aimed to investigate and compare the corrosion behavior of AISI 4135 high-strength steel in marine atmospheric, splash, tidal, and immersion zones, focusing on rust layer characteristics, corrosion form and electrochemical corrosion behavior.

Recycling durian shell and jackfruit peel via anaerobic digestion.

With growing popularity of durian and jackfruit, environment threats following improper management of durian shell (DS) and jackfruit peel (JP) are increasingly serious. Anaerobic digestion is a potential solution but concern on its unsatisfied efficiency from lignocellulosic recalcitrance remains. This work applied four representative pretreatments on DS and JP to determine the effects on methane generation, energy potential, and environmental benefits.

Compositional components and methane production potential of typical vegetable wastes.

With the development of agriculture, a huge amount of vegetable waste (VW) is produced every year, posing a large considerable environmental problem that cannot be ignored. Anaerobic digestion (AD), as an eco-friendly, efficient, and sustainable biomass conversion technology, may be used to address the pollution caused by VW. The compositional components of various VWs are different, which will affect their biomethane potential and directly determine whether they are suitable substrates for AD.

Effects of different microbial pretreatments on the anaerobic digestion of giant grass under anaerobic and microaerobic conditions.

Microbial pretreatment to lignocellulosic biomass for anaerobic digestion (AD) has achieved increased attention; however, the low efficiency and unclear mechanism of oxygen parameter affecting this process performance limit its practical application. In this study, five readily available microbial consortia were developed to analyze the influences of various oxygen concentrations during pretreatment process upon methane conversion efficiency and microbiota within AD of giant grass. Results found that anaerobic pretreatment by liquid or straw composting inoculant, along with microaerobic pretreatment by cow manure at 10 mL/g VS oxygen concentration, obtained 23.

Anaerobic and Microaerobic Pretreatment for Improving Methane Production From Paper Waste in Anaerobic Digestion.

Having been generated with a tremendous amount annually, paper waste (PW) represents a large proportion in municipal solid waste (MSW) and also a potential source of renewable energy production through the application of anaerobic digestion (AD). However, the recalcitrant lignocellulosic structure poses obstacles to efficient utilization in this way. Recently, anaerobic and microaerobic pretreatment have attracted attention as approaches to overcome the obstacles of biogas production.

Optimizing key factors for biomethane production from KOH-pretreated switchgrass by response surface methodology.

Anaerobic digestion (AD) is one of the best technologies for producing methane from biomass wastes with limited environmental impacts. Most AD plants need a continuous and stable supply of feedstock for their sustained operation for which lignocellulosic biomass can be effectively utilized. Switchgrass (SG), also known as Panicum virgatum, is a tall-growing grass which exists throughout the year in areas with warm climate and has the potential to produce biomethane.

Combination of integrated expanded bed adsorption chromatography and countercurrent chromatography for the direct extraction and purification of pseudohypericin and hypericin from St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum L.).

St. John's wort has attracted particular attention because of its beneficial effects as an antidepressant, antiviral, and anticancer agent. A method for the combination of integrated expanded bed adsorption chromatography and countercurrent chromatography for the simultaneous extraction and purification of pseudohypericin and hypericin from the herb is presented in this paper.

Two-stage fractionation of polar alkaloids from Rhizoma coptidis by countercurrent chromatography considering the strategy of reactive extraction.

Separation of polar alkaloids by countercurrent chromatography (CCC) is challengeable due to their close partition behaviors in solvent system. In this paper, a two-stage method for isolation of epiberberine, jatrorrhizine, palmatine, coptisine, and berberine from Rhizoma coptidis was presented. The first stage separation performed on CCC was based on the principle of reactive extraction.