Publications by authors named "Fanchi Li"

Bombyx mori (L.) (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae) is an important economic insect, and Exorista sorbillans (W.) (Diptera: Tachinidae) is an endoparasitic pest of larval B.

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Insect parasitoids have evolved sophisticated strategies to evade or modulate host immunity for parasitic infections. The precise mechanisms by which parasitoids counteract host anti-parasitic responses are poorly defined. Here we report a novel immune evasion strategy employed by the parasitoid Exorista sorbillans (Diptera: Tachinidae) to establish infection.

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Article Synopsis
  • * The study focuses on the tachinid parasitoid Exorista sorbillans, which affects silkworms and poses risks to sericulture due to severe maggot disease.
  • * Researchers analyzed the intestinal microbiota of E. sorbillans larvae at different stages using 16S rRNA sequencing and identified several cultivable strains, exploring the microbial community and its potential interactions with silkworms.
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Parasitoids often exhibit high flexibility in their development depending on stages of their host at the parasitism, yet little is known about the mechanism underlying such flexibility. In the study, we evaluated the larval development time of the parasitoid Exorista sorbillans (Diptera: Tachinidae) on the lepidopteran model insect Bombyx mori (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae). We found that the development duration of E.

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Article Synopsis
  • Bombyx mori is a type of insect that produces silk, but it has become very sensitive to pesticides like cyantraniliprole (Cya) after being domesticated for a long time.
  • In a study, exposure to Cya slowed down the growth of silk glands in the larvae and decreased their weight and the quality of the silk they produced.
  • The research also showed that Cya caused damage to important cell parts in the silk glands and affected many genes that are essential for making proteins and DNA, which are critical for the insect's health.
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  • Indoxacarb, a common pesticide, poses ecological risks to the silk-producing insect Bombyx mori, impacting its health by disrupting cellular energy processes.
  • Exposure to indoxacarb leads to increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in B. mori’s midgut, indicating oxidative stress and potential damage.
  • The pesticide also alters the expression of genes related to autophagy and apoptosis, causing both cellular cleanup processes and programmed cell death to activate in response to the chemical's effects.
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The silkworm, Bombyx mori, is a complete metamorphosed economic insect, and the silk gland is a significant organ for silk protein synthesis and secretion. The silk gland completely degenerates during pupation, but the regulatory mechanism of programmed cell death (PCD) has not yet been understood. In the present study, we investigated the non-genetic pathway of 20E-induced PCD in the posterior silk gland (PSG) based on intracellular Ca levels.

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Parasitoids have utilized a variety of strategies to counteract host defense. They are in different taxonomic status and exhibit phenotypic and genetic diversity, and thus are thought to evolve distinct anti-defense mechanisms. In this study, we investigated the performance of two closely related parasitoids, Exorista japonica and Exorista sorbillans (Diptera: Tachinidae) that are biological control agents in agriculture and major insect pests in sericulture, on the host Bombyx mori.

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Parasitoids are important components of the natural enemy guild in the biological control of insect pests. They depend on host resources to complete the development of a specific stage or whole life cycle and thus have evolved towards optimal host exploitation strategies. In the present study, we report a specific survival strategy of a fly parasitoid Exorista sorbillans (Diptera: Tachinidae), which is a potential biological control agent for agricultural pests and a pest in sericulture.

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λ-Cyhalothrin (λ-cyh), a widely utilized pyrethroid insecticide, poses serious threats to non-target organisms due to its persistence nature in the environment. Exposure to low concentrations of λ-cyh has been observed to result in prolonged larval development in Bombyx mori, leading to substantial financial losses in sericulture. The present study was undertaken to elucidate the underlying mechanisms for prolonged development caused by λ-cyh (LC) exposure.

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The novel pesticide chlorantraniliprole (CAP) is widely used for pest control in agriculture, and the safety for non-target organisms of trace residues in the environment has received widespread attention. In the present study, exposure to low concentrations of CAP resulted in abnormal silk gland development in the B. mori, and induced the release of intracellular Ca in addition to the triggering of Ca-dependent gene transcription.

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As an important economic insect, Bombyx mori plays an essential role in the development of the agricultural economy. Indoxacarb, a novel sodium channel blocker insecticide, has been widely used for the control of various pests in agriculture and forestry, and its environmental pollution caused by flight control operations has seriously affected the safe production of sericulture in recent years. However, the lethal toxicity and adverse effects of indoxacarb on silkworm remain largely unknown.

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The Duox-ROS defense system plays an important role in insect intestinal immunity. To investigate the role of intestinal microbiota in Duox-ROS regulation herein, 16S rRNA sequencing technology was utilized to compare the characteristics of bacterial populations in the midgut of silkworm after different time-periods of treatment with three feeding methods: 1-4 instars artificial diet (AD), 1-4 instars mulberry leaf (ML) and 1-3 instars artificial diet + 4 instar mulberry leaf (TM). The results revealed simple intestinal microbiota in the AD group whilst microbiota were abundant and variable in the ML and TM silkworms.

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Chlorantraniliprole (CAP) is widely used in pest control, and its environmental residues affect the disease resistance of non-target insect silkworms. Studies have demonstrated that changes in gut microbial communities of insects are associated with susceptibility to pathogens. In the present study, we examined the effects of CAP exposure on the immune system and gut microbial community structure of silkworms.

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The silkworm (Bombyx mori) is an economically important insect and serves as a model organism for Lepidoptera. To investigate the effects of the intestinal microbial population on the growth and development of larvae fed an artificial diet (AD) during the young stages, we analyzed the characteristics of the intestinal microbial population using 16S rRNA gene sequencing technology. Our results revealed that the intestinal flora of the AD group tended to be simple by the 3rd-instar, which Lactobacillus accounting for 14.

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Article Synopsis
  • λ-Cyhalothrin (λ-cyh) is a pesticide that significantly impacts the silkworm, Bombyx mori, causing high mortality and abnormal pupation due to its toxicity, even at sublethal levels.
  • A study found that short-term exposure (24 hours) to different concentrations of λ-cyh results in stunted growth and increased larval mortality, with some recovery observed over time.
  • Transcriptome analysis revealed that exposure to λ-cyh down-regulated many genes related to metabolism, specifically affecting energy production pathways in the midgut of silkworms, highlighting the pesticide's long-lasting toxic effects.
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  • Parasitism in silkworms led to changes in their midgut immune system, with antimicrobial peptide gene expression initially increasing before decreasing and key immune activities being inhibited.
  • The intestinal microbiota of silkworms shifted post-parasitism, showing a decrease in beneficial bacteria while pathogenic bacteria increased, potentially impacting the silkworm's feeding habits.
  • These findings suggest that parasitism disrupts microbial balance in the gut, which may hinder the silkworm's nutrient absorption and digestion, offering insights into host-parasitoid and microbial interactions.
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  • Chlorantraniliprole (CAP) is an agricultural pesticide that can negatively impact silkworm (Bombyx mori) cocoon formation, prompting the need for better toxicity assessment methods.
  • The study found that exposure to low concentrations of CAP decreases key ATPase activities in silkworms and significantly affects the regulation of AMPK-related and autophagy-related genes.
  • Overall, the findings highlight that CAP exposure causes autophagy in the silk glands of silkworms, impairing their physiological functions and aiding in evaluating the toxicity of environmental pesticide residues.
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Here, we develop a simple, efficient, bacmid-based, selection marker-free method for gene deletion and editing in baculovirus genomes. Specifically, based on pFastbac1, a donor plasmid with long left and right homology arms but without a reporter was constructed for disrupting ie1, an essential baculovirus gene. Instead of ligating with a plasmid, the homology arms were introduced to the polyhedrin locus of BmNPV bacmid using the BmNPV bac-to-bac expression system.

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The dipteran tachinid parasitoids are important biocontrol agents, and they must survive the harsh environment and rely on the resources of the host insect to complete their larval stage. We have previously demonstrated that the parasitism by the tachinid parasitoid , a pest of the silkworm, causes pupation defects in . However, the underlying mechanism is not fully understood.

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The silkworm Bombyx mori, an economically important insect with a long domestication history, exhibits high sensitivity to chemical pesticides. Extensive application of chlorantraniliprole (CAP) in control of pests of agricultural crops and mulberry plants causes residue toxicity to silkworm. We have demonstrated that sublethal concentration of CAP exposure causes defects in the formation of new epidermis and incomplete shedding of old epidermis during prepupal-pupal transition of B.

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The intensive application of chlorantraniliprole (CAP) leaves residues in the environment, posing a potential threat to non-target organisms. In the present study, we investigated the adverse effects of sublethal CAP exposure on Bombyx mori. Sublethal CAP (0.

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Glyphosate is an herbicide widely used worldwide, but whether it is safe to nontarget organisms is controversial. In this study, the lepidopteran model insect silkworm was used to investigate the effects of glyphosate residues. The LC (72 h) of glyphosate on silkworm was determined to be 14875.

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Background: Currently, to delete an essential gene from a baculovirus genome, a cell line stably expressing the gene to be knocked-out should be first generated, which is time-consuming. Alternatively, essential genes can be deleted in E. coli using the λ Red recombination system, which requires an electroporation system.

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Plant-mediated RNA interference (RNAi) has emerged as a promising technology for pest control through expression of double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs) targeted against essential insect genes. However, little is known about the underlying molecular mechanisms and whether long dsRNA or short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) are the effective triggers of the RNAi response. Here we generated transplastomic and nuclear transgenic tobacco plants expressing dsRNA against the Helicoverpa armigera ATPaseH gene.

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