Complementary Transcriptomic and Proteomic Analysis in the Substantia Nigra of Parkinson's Disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a disease that involves brain damage and is associated with neuroinflammation, mitochondrial damage, and cell aging. However, the pathogenic mechanism of PD is still unknown. Sequencing data and proteomic data can describe the fluctuation of molecular abundance in diseases at the mRNA level and protein level, respectively.

[CRISPR/Cas systems in genome engineering of bacteriophages].

Researches on CRISPR/Cas (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated genes) systems, that are adaptive immunity systems encoded by prokaryotes, have promoted the development of new genome-editing tools. Bacteriophages are not only the driving elements for the evolution of prokaryotes' CRISPR arrays, but also the targets of the CRISPR/Cas systems. Studies on functional genomics of bacteriophages have been lagging behind the discovery of new phage strains and the sequencing of their genomes.

[Advances of development of phage display systems].

The phage display technology (PDT) was unique in genetic engineering and recombinant expression. The phage display systems (PDS) were platforms (kits) composed of genetic modified phages, helper phages, and host bacteria. This review concisely summarized the development of four types of PDS, based on M13, λ, T4, and T7 phages, in terms of phage molecular genetics and genetic (gene or genome) engineering.