Dissecting the high-risk property of 1q gain/amplification in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma.

1q gain/amplification (1q+) is the most common cytogenetic abnormality (CA), with a frequency of 30-50% in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM). Although accumulating evidence supports 1q+ as a "high-risk" CA (HRCA), several issues remain to be addressed to understand its true prognostic property. We retrospectively analyzed a cohort of 934 patients with NDMM from three centers in China, who had baseline data available for 1q+ [including 1q21 gain (3 copies) and amplification (> 3 copies)] detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization in isolated CD138 cells, and who received first-line treatment with novel agents including proteasome inhibitors, immunomodulatory drugs, or both.

FedELR: When federated learning meets learning with noisy labels.

Existing research on federated learning (FL) usually assumes that training labels are of high quality for each client, which is impractical in many real-world scenarios (e.g., noisy labels by crowd-sourced annotations), leading to dramatic performance degradation.

Single-View Clothed Human Reconstruction With Multi-View Consistency Representation.

For single-view clothed human reconstruction, the fashionable PIFu-like framework depends on the pixel-aligned feature essentially, while this leads to depth ambiguity and inaccuracy of representation. Additionally, this task faces the inherent problem of the lack of invisible information. To solve these two problems, we propose depth-guided pixel-aligned feature and multi-view consistency prior to constrain representation learning of the single-view reconstruction task.

ESOD: Efficient Small Object Detection on High-Resolution Images.

Enlarging input images is a straightforward and effective approach to promote small object detection. However, simple image enlargement is significantly expensive on both computations and GPU memory. In fact, small objects are usually sparsely distributed and locally clustered.

m6A RNA methylation: a pivotal regulator of tumor immunity and a promising target for cancer immunotherapy.

M6A modification is one of the most common regulatory mechanisms of gene expression in eukaryotic cells, influencing processes such as RNA splicing, degradation, stability, and protein translation. Studies have shown that m6A methylation is closely associated with tumorigenesis and progression, and it plays a key regulatory role in tumor immune responses. m6A modification participates in regulating the differentiation and maturation of immune cells, as well as related anti-tumor immune responses.

Antihypertensive drug amlodipine besylate shows potential in alleviating diabetic peripheral neuropathy.

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a common diabetic complication with no currently available curative treatments. Here, we demonstrated that the protein level of G-protein-coupled receptor 40 (GPR40) is significantly repressed in the sciatic nerves (SN) of DPN patients, as well as in the peripheral nerves, including dorsal root ganglia (DRG) and SN, of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 1 diabetic mice and BKS Cg-m+/+Lepr db/J (db/db) type 2 diabetic mice. We identified that amlodipine besylate (AB), a first-line clinical antihypertensive drug, as a GPR40 agonist capable of alleviating DPN-like pathologies in mice.

A retrospective study of risk factors for thrombosis in patients with ITP.

Objectives: ITP is not only a bleeding disease but also a potential thrombotic disease.

Methods: This retrospective study analyzed the factors associated with the occurrence of thrombosis events in ITP patients.

Results: The overall incidence of thrombosis was 4.

Application of Intravoxel Incoherent Motion in the Prediction of Intra-Tumoral Tertiary Lymphoid Structures in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Objective: To explore the value of intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) sequences in predicting intra-tumoral tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs).

Materials And Methods: This prospective study pre-operatively enrolled hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients who underwent magnetic resonance imaging including IVIM sequences, between January 2019 and April 2021. Intra-tumoral TLSs presence was assessed on pathological slide images.

The Generation of a H9N2 Avian Influenza Virus with HA and C3d-P29 Protein Fusions and Vaccine Development Applications.

Background: Maternal-derived antibody (MDA) interferes with immune responses, leading to the failure of H9N2 avian influenza vaccinations in poultry. So far, none of the commercially available H9N2 avian influenza vaccines used in poultry have been able to overcome MDA interference.

Methods: To develop a vaccine that can overcome MDA interference, one or multiple copies of the minimum-binding domain (P29) from the complement protein C3d were inserted in between the signal peptide and the head domain of the hemagglutinin (HA) protein on a H9N2 avian influenza virus (A/Chicken/Shanghai/H514/2017, named H514).

Comparison of air-liquid interface transwell and airway organoid models for human respiratory virus infection studies.

Introduction: Complex respiratory models, including air-liquid interface (ALI) transwell cultures and airway organoids, have emerged as promising tools for studying human respiratory virus infections. These models address several limitations of conventional two-dimensional cell line and animal models. However, the lack of standardized protocols for the application of these models in infection studies limits the possibilities for comparing results across different research groups.

Thrombotic events in patients with multiple myeloma and their impact on overall survival.

Objective: Thrombotic events (TEs) are common and severe complications of newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM). However, the impact of thrombosis on the survival of myeloma patients remains controversial. The aim of our study was to identify independent high-risk factors for thrombosis as well as to explore the association between the incidence of TEs and survival in patients with NDMM.

Clinical efficacy of low molecular weight heparin and insulin combined with plasma exchange in treating hyperlipidemic acute pancreatitis: A randomized controlled study.

Background: Hyperlipidemic acute pancreatitis (HLAP) is a severe condition marked by elevated triglyceride levels, resulting in significant morbidity. Current treatment options are limited, highlighting the need for effective therapeutic combinations.

Methods: This study was conducted from January 2020 to December 2023 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University.

SARS-CoV-2 infection rates and associated risk factors in healthcare workers: systematic review and meta-analysis.

To protect healthcare workforce during the COVID-19 pandemic, rigorous efforts were made to reduce infection rates among healthcare workers (HCWs), especially prior to vaccine availability. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infections among HCWs and identify potential risk factors associated with transmission. We searched MEDLINE, Embase, and Google Scholar from 1 December 2019 to 5 February 2024.

Clinicopathologic predictors of renal response and survival in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma with renal injury: a retrospective study.

Renal impairment (RI) is a common complication of multiple myeloma (MM), which is associated with poor prognosis. Here, we revealed the association between regular examination data and RI incidence, RI response and survival in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) patients. A retrospective analysis was conducted on the initial clinical data of 647 NDMM patients, comprising 193 patients (29.

Structural basis for the ligand-dependent activation of heterodimeric AHR-ARNT complex.

The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) possesses an extraordinary capacity to sense and respond to a wide range of small-molecule ligands, ranging from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons to endogenous compounds. Upon ligand binding, AHR translocates from the cytoplasm to nucleus, forming a transcriptionally active complex with aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator (ARNT), for DNA binding and initiation of gene expression programs that include cellular detoxification pathways and immune responses. Here, we examine the molecular mechanisms governing AHR's high-affinity binding and activation by a diverse group of ligands.

Targeted barcoding of variable antibody domains and individual transcriptomes of the human B-cell repertoire using Link-Seq.

Here, we present Link-Seq, a highly efficient droplet microfluidic method for combined sequencing of antibody-encoding genes and the transcriptome of individual B cells at large scale. The method is based on 3' barcoding of the transcriptome and subsequent single-molecule PCR in droplets, which freely shift the barcode along specific gene regions, such as the antibody heavy- and light-chain genes. Using the immune repertoire of COVID-19 patients and healthy donors as a model system, we obtain up to 91.

Multi-Label Zero-Shot Learning Via Contrastive Label-Based Attention.

Multi-label zero-shot learning (ML-ZSL) strives to recognize all objects in an image, regardless of whether they are present in the training data. Recent methods incorporate an attention mechanism to locate labels in the image and generate class-specific semantic information. However, the attention mechanism built on visual features treats label embeddings equally in the prediction score, leading to severe semantic ambiguity.

Microenvironment-responsive sodium alginate hydrogel loaded with MnO and pachymic acid for the treatment of gastric ulcer.

Gastric ulcer (GU), a common digestive system disorder in clinical practice, often arises from excessive alcohol consumption and other factors that irritate the gastric mucosa. Effective treatment of GU remains challenging due to the poor targeting, limited efficacy, and significant side effects associated with current therapeutic approaches. To address these limitations, we developed a microenvironment-responsive hydrogel composed of sodium alginate (SA) and chitosan (CS), incorporating MnO nanoparticles and pachymic acid (PA).

Recent Advances in Organic Photocatalyst-Promoted Carbohydrate Synthesis and Modification under Light Irradiation.

Photoredox catalysis has been developed as a sustainable and eco-friendly catalytic strategy, which might provide innovative solutions to solve the current synthetic challenges and barriers in carbohydrate chemistry. During the last few decades, the study of organic photocatalyst-promoted carbohydrate synthesis and modification has received significant attention, which provides an excellent and inexpensive metal-free alternative to photoredox catalysis as well as introduces a new fastest-growing era to access complex carbohydrates simply. In this review, we aim to provide an overview of organic photocatalyst-promoted carbohydrate synthesis and modification under light irradiation, which is expected to provide new directions for further investigation.

Vitamin K2 deficiency and its association with short stature in children: A cross-sectional study.

Objectives: This study examines the relationship between vitamin K2 (VK2) status and the occurrence of short stature in children.

Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was conducted between January 2021 and August 2022, involving 235 children with a clinical diagnosis of short stature at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University (short stature group) and 454 children with average height (±1 SD) from the same period (healthy group). Serum VK2 levels were compared between the two groups.

Organometallic Photocatalyst-Promoted Synthesis and Modification of Carbohydrates under Photoirradiation.

Carbohydrates are natural, renewable, chemical compounds that play crucial roles in biological systems. Thus, efficient and stereoselective glycosylation is an urgent task for the preparation of pure and structurally well-defined carbohydrates. Photoredox catalysis has emerged as a powerful tool in carbohydrate chemistry, providing an alternative for addressing some of the challenges of glycochemistry.

Tuning interfacial charge transport Ti-O-Sn bonds for efficient CO conversion.

Here, the clever design of forming an ohmic contact between SnS and MXene can regulate interfacial electron transport through Ti-O-Sn chemical bonds. This fast directional charge transport kinetics is attributed to the built-in electric field formed by the ohmic contact. As expected, the photoreduction CO activity of the optimized SSTC-5 catalyst is 10.

PNPO-Mediated Oxidation of DVL3 Promotes Multiple Myeloma Malignancy and Osteoclastogenesis by Activating the Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a cancer of plasma cells caused by abnormal gene expression and interactions within the bone marrow (BM) niche. The BM environment significantly influences the progression of MM. Celastrol, a natural compound derived from traditional Chinese medicine, exhibits significant anticancer effects.

Molecular design strategy for microorganism discrimination based on keto-salicylaldehyde azine derivatives.

The rapid and selective identification of microorganisms is of great significance for clinical therapy applications. To develop high performance probes for microbe determination, we systemically constructed series aggregation-induced emission (AIE) luminogens by modulating the structural planarity, the basicity of functional group, the length of linker moiety and the hydrophobicity based on our previous work. The detail structure-property relationship study based on experimental and theoretical observation revealed that: i) the planar skeleton is essential for probe insertion towards the cell wall via van n der Waals' force.

Serum mitochondrial-encoded NADH dehydrogenase 6 and Annexin A1 as novel biomarkers for mortality prediction in critically ill patients with sepsis.

Objectives: Formyl peptide receptor 1 (FPR1) is a member of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) family that detects potentially danger signals characterized by the appearance of N-formylated peptides which originate from either bacteria or host mitochondria during organ injury, including sepsis. Mitochondrial-encoded NADH dehydrogenase 6 (MT-ND6) and Annexin A1 (ANXA1), as mitochondrial damage-associated molecular patterns (mtDAMPs) agonist and endogenous agonist of FPR1 respectively, interact with FPR1 regulating polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) function and inflammatory response during sepsis. However, there is no direct evidence of MT-ND6 or ANXA1 in the circulation of patients with sepsis and their potential role in clinical significance, including diagnosis and mortality prediction during sepsis.