Nonadride and Spirocyclic Anhydride Derivatives from the Plant Endophytic Fungus .

Six new nonadride derivatives (-) and three new spirocyclic anhydride derivatives (-) were isolated from the endophytic fungus obtained from fresh leaves of the toxic medicinal plant The structures of these compounds were determined by spectroscopic analyses including 1D and 2D NMR, HRESIMS, and ECD techniques. Maleic anhydride derivatives - were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory activities. Compound showed significant inhibitory activity against NO production in LPS-induced RAW264.

Effect of PPARGC1A on the development and metabolism of early rabbit embryos in vitro.

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PPARGC1A) is a central regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis and metabolism, and its expression is closely related to embryo development. To gain insights into the possible mechanisms of PPARGC1A during early embryogenesis, the development potential, mitochondrial biogenesis, and the culture medium metabolomics of embryos were evaluated when PPARGC1A overexpressed or suppressed in rabbit zygotes. Results showed that different PPARGC1A levels in rabbit zygotes could affect blastocyst percentage, and the expressions of mitochondrial biogenesis and metabolic-related genes, as well as the glutathione and adenosine triphosphate levels during early embryo development.

Effect of CREB1 promoter non-CpG island methylation on its differential expression profile on sheep ovaries associated with prolificacy.

This study aimed to investigate the effect of different methylated regions of cyclic-AMP response element binding protein 1 (CREB1) by comparing the high prolificacy (HP) group and low prolificacy (LP) group, which was detected in our previous study. The expression level of CREB1 mRNA in the ovaries of the HP group was higher than in the LP group (P <  0.05).

Expression of Hippo signaling pathway components in Hu sheep male reproductive tract and spermatozoa.

Hippo signaling pathway is essential for tissue development and homeostasis, while its specific role in male reproductive tract development is still unclear. The objective of this study is to elucidate the localization and expressions of key Hippo pathway components (MST1/2, LATS1/2 and YAP1) in male reproductive tract (testis, epididymis, and ductus deferens) of prepubertal (3-month-old) and postpubertal (9-month-old) Hu sheep, as well as in the cauda epididymal and ejaculated spermatozoa. Results showed that the Hippo pathway proteins were diversely localized in male reproductive tract portions, and most of their expression levels increased during sheep testicular maturation.

In vivo evaluation of microglia activation by intracranial iron overload in central pain after spinal cord injury.

Background: Central pain (CP) is a common clinical problem in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI). Recent studies found the pathogenesis of CP was related to the remodeling of the brain. We investigate the roles of iron overload and subsequent microglia activate in the remodeling of the brain after SCI.

Effect of oxidative stress induced by intracranial iron overload on central pain after spinal cord injury.

Background: Central pain (CP) is a common clinical problem in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI). Recent studies found the pathogenesis of CP was related to the remodeling of the brain. We investigate the roles of iron overload and subsequent oxidative stress in the remodeling of the brain after SCI.

Gelatinases promote calcification of vascular smooth muscle cells by up-regulating bone morphogenetic protein-2.

Matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), also known as gelatinase A, is involved in vascular calcification. Another member of gelatinases is MMP-9 (gelatinase B). However, the role of gelatinases in the pathogenesis of vascular calcification is not well understood.

Identification of immune genes of the miiuy croaker (Miichthys miiuy) by sequencing and bioinformatic analysis of ESTs.

Miiuy croaker (Miichthys miiuy) is an economically important fish in China. However, genomic research on this species is still in its infancy, and genomic resources are largely unavailable. In order to isolate functional genes involved in immunity, a normalized cDNA library was constructed from the spleen of the miiuy croaker.