Publications by authors named "Fan Tang"

Article Synopsis
  • Pediatric low-grade glioma (pLGG) is the most common type of brain tumor in children and is now treated as a chronic disease; recently, the FDA approved a new drug, tovorafenib, for patients aged 6 months and older with specific genetic mutations in pLGG.
  • The article reviews tovorafenib's pharmacological properties, effectiveness, and safety through a systematic search of relevant publications.
  • Tovorafenib is the first FDA-approved treatment for pediatric patients with common BRAF mutations in pLGG, exhibiting good CNS penetration and demonstrating positive clinical results in trials with minimal side effects.
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  • Scientists are trying to make tiny vesicles called extracellular vesicles (EVs) help deliver medicine to the brain more effectively.
  • They used a method called CRISPR to change a type of human cell (hiPSCs) to make these EVs better at targeting the brain by adding a special protein from a virus.
  • The researchers found that these modified EVs were able to enter brain cells more easily than regular EVs, which could help with delivering treatments for brain diseases.
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  • - Despite advancements in arbitrary image style transfer (AST), inconsistent evaluation methods make it difficult to compare different approaches effectively.
  • - The study introduces a multi-granularity assessment system that uses both objective metrics and subjective feedback to evaluate AST methods more reliably.
  • - By analyzing various AST techniques like CNN, flow, transformer, and diffusion-based methods, this research enhances evaluation standards, helping researchers make better comparisons and foster innovation in the field.
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  • Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is effective in treating oral leukoplakia (OLK), but its impact on the risk of OLK transforming into cancer was not well-studied before.
  • This study utilized various analytical methods to assess how PDT affects the risk of malignant transformation in OLK patients, considering different patient characteristics.
  • The findings indicated that completing a full course of PDT significantly reduces the risk of cancer transformation in OLK, particularly for patients with specific risk factors such as age, lesion type, and lifestyle habits.
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Purpose: This study retrospectively investigated whether infarction in specific Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS) regions is associated with clinical outcome in patients with symptomatic non-acute internal carotid or middle cerebral artery occlusion who underwent endovascular recanalisation (ER).

Methods: Preoperative ASPECTS and region of infarction were recorded before recanalisation. Clinical outcome was evaluated 90 days after the procedure using the modified Rankin Scale; a score>2 was defined as poor outcome.

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  • Lowering blood glucose is crucial for preventing long-term issues in adults with type 2 diabetes, and SGLT2 inhibitors may help with related microvascular diseases, particularly eye disorders.
  • A study was conducted using multiple databases to analyze randomized trials with at least 24 weeks of follow-up, focusing on the effects of SGLT2 inhibitors on eye health in over 104,000 participants.
  • The results showed that SGLT2 inhibitors had no significant impact on eye issues compared to a placebo, indicating they do not improve eye health in individuals with type 2 diabetes.
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With urbanization, municipal solid waste (MSW) generation is increasing. Traditional landfill methods face land shortages and environmental pollution. Waste incineration, which reduces waste and recovers resources, has become a key management method.

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Background: Homocysteine (Hcy) is a recognized cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factor linked with atherosclerosis. However, the association between Hcy and myocardial injury is little known.

Objectives: This study aimed to examine the associations between Hcy metabolism, subclinical myocardial injury, and cardiovascular mortality.

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The tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle plays a crucial role in mitochondrial ATP production in the healthy heart. However, in heart failure, the TCA cycle becomes dysregulated. Understanding the mechanism by which TCA cycle genes are transcribed in the healthy heart is an important prerequisite to understanding how these genes become dysregulated in the failing heart.

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Aldolase enzymes, particularly ALDOA, ALDOB, and ALDOC, play a crucial role in the development and progression of cancer. While the aldolase family is mainly known for its involvement in the glycolysis pathway, these enzymes also have various pathological and physiological functions through distinct signaling pathways such as Wnt/β-catenin, EGFR/MAPK, Akt, and HIF-1α. This has garnered increased attention in recent years and shed light on other sides of this enzyme.

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Aptamers are nucleic acid sequences that specifically bind with target molecules and are vital to applications such as biosensing, drug development, disease diagnostics, etc. The traditional selection procedure of aptamers is based on the Systematic Evolution of Ligands by an Exponential Enrichment (SELEX) process, which relies on repeating cycles of screening and amplification. With the rapid development of aptamer applications, RNA and XNA aptamers draw more attention than before.

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Rational design of γ-alumina-based catalysts relies on an extensive understanding of the distribution of hydroxyl groups on the surface of γ-alumina and their physicochemical properties, which remain unclear and challenging to determine experimentally due to the structural complexity. In this work, by means of DFT and thermodynamic calculations, various hydroxylation modes of γ-alumina (110) and (100) surfaces at different OH coverages were evaluated, based on which a thermodynamic model to reflect the relationship between temperature and the surface structure was established and the stable hydroxylation modes under experimental conditions were predicted. This enables us to identify the experimentally measured IR spectra.

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Rhubarb is a frequently used and beneficial traditional Chinese medicine. Wild resources of these plants are constantly being depleted, meaning that rhubarb products have been subjected to an unparalleled level of adulteration. Consequentially, reliable technology is urgently required to verify the authenticity of rhubarb raw materials and commercial botanical drugs.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study focuses on improving the accuracy and efficiency of tumor target contouring and T staging for nasopharyngeal carcinoma using a deep learning model designed to automate these processes, which traditionally are time-consuming and labor-intensive.
  • Researchers developed a multi-task transformer-based model that simultaneously identifies T-stage and delineates the Gross Tumor Volume (GTV), using contrast-enhanced T1-weighted images from 320 patients for training and validation.
  • The model demonstrated strong performance with a median Dice similarity coefficient of 0.74 for contouring and an area under the ROC curve of 0.85 for T staging, showing better results than single-task models, particularly in distinguishing between early and advanced
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Background: Although epidemiological evidence implies a link between exposure to particulate matter (PM) and Alzheimer's disease (AD), establishing causality remains a complex endeavor. In the present study, we used Mendelian randomization (MR) as a robust analytical approach to explore the potential causal relationship between PM exposure and AD risk. We also explored the potential associations between PM exposure and other neurodegenerative diseases.

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Background: The treatment of oral leukoplakia (OLK) with aminolaevulinic acid photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT) is widespread. Nonetheless, there is variation in efficacy. Therefore, this study constructed a model for predicting the short-term efficacy and recurrence of OLK after ALA-PDT.

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Background: We aimed to investigate the associations of diabetes mellitus (DM) and C-reactive protein (CRP) with biological ageing acceleration and mortality risk.

Methods: We analyzed data from 41,634 adults with CRP and DM at baseline. Subjects were categorized into high CRP (>3 mg/L) and low CRP (≤3 mg/L) groups.

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Background: The specific effects of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) in adulthood and senectitude were less known. We aim to examine the relationship between early ACEs and overall health condition as well as specific dimensions in the middle-aged and elderly population.

Methods: In the 2019-2021 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System Study, robust Poisson regression models were used to estimate the relationship between ACE exposure and current health status among adults aged 45 ≥ years.

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Background: Spinocerebellar ataxia type 12 (SCA12) is a neurodegenerative disease caused by a CAG/CTG repeat expansion at the PPP2R2B locus.

Objective: We investigated how the CAG repeat expansion within the PPP2R2B 7B7D transcript influences the expression of Bβ1 and a potential protein containing a long polyserine tract.

Methods: Transcript and protein expression were measured using quantitative PCR (qPCR) and Western blot, respectively, in an SK-N-MC cell model that overexpresses the full-length PPP2R2B 7B7D transcript.

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Background: The evidence on the association between cobalamin (Cbl) and aging or relevant outcomes is limited and controversial. We aimed to investigate the relationships between cobalamin intake- and function-related biomarkers and biological aging.

Methods: The study encompassed 22,812 participants aged 20 years and older from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

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Spinocerebellar ataxia type 12 (SCA12) is caused by a CAG expansion mutation in PPP2R2B, a gene encoding brain-specific regulatory units of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A); while normal alleles carry 4 to 31 triplets, the disease alleles carry 43 to 78 triplets. Here, by CRISPR/Cas9n genome editing, we have generated a human heterozygous SCA12 iPSC line with 73 triplets for the mutant allele. The heterozygous SCA12 iPSCs have normal karyotype, express pluripotency markers and are able to differentiate into the three germ layers.

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Accurate T-staging of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) holds paramount importance in guiding treatment decisions and prognosticating outcomes for distinct risk groups. Regrettably, the landscape of deep learning-based techniques for T-staging in NPC remains sparse, and existing methodologies often exhibit suboptimal performance due to their neglect of crucial domain-specific knowledge pertinent to primary tumor diagnosis. To address these issues, we propose a new cross-domain mutual-assistance learning framework for fully automated diagnosis of primary tumor using H&N MR images.

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Article Synopsis
  • Current quality assurance methods for radiation therapy treatment plans are inadequate, failing to effectively identify reasons for verification failures due to poor sensitivity in dose distributions.
  • This research implements deep learning algorithms to analyze 3D dose distribution maps and develop a predictive model for classifying errors across various treatment scenarios.
  • The resulting CNN model demonstrates high accuracy and outperforms traditional gamma pass rate methods, proving to be a more efficient tool for enhancing the quality assurance process in radiation therapy.
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