Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics reveal SPP1-CD44 signaling drives primary resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors in RCC.

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are a cornerstone therapy for advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC). However, significant rates of primary resistance hinder their efficacy, and the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study aims to unravel the tumor-immune interactions and signaling pathways driving primary resistance to ICIs in RCC.

Broad-spectrum downregulation of inflammatory cytokines by polydopamine nanoparticles to protect the injured spinal cord.

Acute neuroinflammation, which is notably characterized by a significant elevation in pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, often rapidly develops following a traumatic spinal cord injury and exacerbates damage in the lesion area. This study addresses the limitations inherent in strategies that regulate only a single or a few cytokines, which are often insufficient to counteract the progression of secondary injuries. We explore the use of polydopamine nanoparticles as a broad-spectrum immunomodulator, capable of capturing by adsorption a wide range of cytokines and thereby effectively suppressing neuroinflammation.

PDG2Seq: Periodic Dynamic Graph to Sequence Model for Traffic Flow Prediction.

Traffic flow prediction is the foundation of intelligent traffic management systems. Current methods prioritize the development of intricate models to capture spatio-temporal correlations, yet they often neglect the exploitation of latent features within traffic flow. Firstly, the correlation among different road nodes exhibits dynamism rather than remaining static.

The utility and feasibility of incorporating death cafes in undergraduate education: A qualitative exploration of medical and nursing students' perspectives.

Background: The current medical and nursing curricula place little emphasis on palliative and end-of-life care. Consequently, students are less comfortable in communicating about topics related to death and dying when providing palliative and end-of-life care. Death cafés utilizes a facilitator-led small group to encourage conversations about death and dying to take place alongside food and beverages in a safe environment.

Phenotypic impact of CFTR mutations on male reproductive tract agenesis in a Chinese cohort with congenital absence of the vas deferens.

Purpose: To investigate the genotype-phenotype correlations of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene mutations and their impact on male reproductive tract development in a cohort of Chinese patients with congenital absence of the vas deferens (CAVD).

Methods: A total of 121 Chinese CAVD patients underwent genetic testing for CFTR and ADGRG2 mutations, semen analysis, scrotal and transrectal ultrasound examinations, and reproductive hormone measurements. The genotype-phenotype correlations were analyzed, focusing on the impact of CFTR variants on the presence or absence of the epididymis, vas deferens, seminal vesicles, and other related structures.

Characteristic Activation Pattern and Network Connectivity of Prefrontal Cortex in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Major Depressive Disorder during a Verbal Fluency Task: A Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Study Based on Network-Based Statistic Prediction.

Introduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and major depressive disorder (MDD) together occur frequently among the elderly population. However, the inconsistency in assessments and limited medical resources in the community make it challenging to identify depression in patients with T2DM. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the activation pattern and network connectivity of prefrontal cortex (PFC) during a verbal fluency task (VFT) in patients with T2DM and MDD using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS).

SCKansformer: Fine-Grained Classification of Bone Marrow Cells via Kansformer Backbone and Hierarchical Attention Mechanisms.

The incidence and mortality rates of malignant tumors, such as acute leukemia, have risen significantly. Clinically, hospitals rely on cytological examination of peripheral blood and bone marrow smears to diagnose malignant tumors, with accurate blood cell counting being crucial. Existing automated methods face challenges such as low feature expression capability, poor interpretability, and redundant feature extraction when processing highdimensional microimage data.

Mechanical thrombectomy treatment for cerebral infarction in circulation after 40 h.

The treatment time window for acute cerebral infarction in global guidelines is within 24 h. We report a patient who was admitted to the hospital and underwent endovascular treatment reaching 40 h. During vascular examination, the thrombus moved to distant segment, and then the surgeon quickly performed endovascular treatment.

Quercetin alleviates kidney damage caused by mercury Chloride: The protective effects of quercetin on autophagy and inflammation were studied based on TRIM32/TLR4/LC3 pathway.

Objective: Mercury is one of the heavy metal pollutants causing serious harm to human health. Quercetin was observed to repair kidney damage through the TLR4/TRIM32 pathway, and the detoxification effect of quercetin on heavy metal poisoning was observed.

Methods: For the study, the researchers divided 40 male mice from the KM strain into five groups: control, HgCl, QU30, HgCl+QU15, and HgCl+QU30.

Post-implantation analysis of genomic variations in the progeny from developing fetus to birth.

The analysis of genomic variations in offspring after implantation has been infrequently studied. In this study, we aim to investigate the extent of de novo mutations in humans from developing fetus to birth. Using high-depth whole-genome sequencing, 443 parent-offspring trios were studied to compare the results of de novo mutations (DNMs) between different groups.

Exposure of women undergoing in-vitro fertilization to per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances: Evidence on negative effects on fertilization and high-quality embryos.

In April 2023, the World Health Organization (WHO) reported that 17.5% of the global adult population experience infertility. What may be the contribution of per-and polyfluoroalkyl (PFAS) to this global public health problem? This study explored the associations between in vitro fertilization (IVF) outcomes and plasma concentrations of individual PFAS and PFAS mixtures in women undergoing in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) and how these exposures might affect IVF outcomes.

IPSC-NSCs-derived exosomal let-7b-5p improves motor function after spinal cord Injury by modulating microglial/macrophage pyroptosis.

Background: Following spinal cord injury (SCI), the inflammatory storm initiated by microglia/macrophages poses a significant impediment to the recovery process. Exosomes play a crucial role in the transport of miRNAs, facilitating essential cellular communication through the transfer of genetic material. However, the miRNAs from iPSC-NSCs-Exos and their potential mechanisms leading to repair after SCI remain unclear.

Homeostatic Measure of Insulin Resistance Is Associated With Future Asthma Exacerbations: A 1-Year Prospective Cohort Study.

Background: Recent evidence suggests that insulin resistance affects asthma outcomes. However, the effect of the homeostatic measure of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) on airway inflammation and asthma exacerbations (AEs) is poorly understood.

Objective: To analyze the relationship between HOMA-IR and clinical and inflammatory characteristics in patients with asthma, and the association between HOMA-IR and AEs in the following year.