Prediction of high-risk esophageal varices in patients with chronic liver disease with point and 2D shear wave elastography: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To assess the diagnostic performance of liver stiffness (LS) and spleen stiffness (SS) measured by point shear wave elastography (pSWE) and 2D shear wave elastography (2D-SWE) in the detection of high-risk esophageal varices (HREV) and to compare their diagnostic accuracy.

Methods: Through systematic search of PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases, we included 17 articles reporting the diagnostic performance of LS or SS measured by pSWE or 2D-SWE for HREV. We used a bivariate random-effects model to estimate pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), area under summary receiver operator characteristic curve (AUSROC), and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR).

Peripheral Transport Proteins Were Associated with 4-Year Cognitive Decline in APOE ɛ4 Non-Carriers: A Longitudinal, Population-Based Study.

Background: Soluble low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-1 (sLRP1) and soluble receptor of advanced glycation end products (sRAGE) play major roles in peripheral clearance of amyloid-β (Aβ).

Objective: To determine the relationship between baseline sLRP1/sRAGE and early cognitive decline in a longitudinal study and explore the possible effect of apolipoprotein E (APOE) on their association.

Methods: Cognitively normal subjects were followed-up for 4 years.

The next major emergent infectious disease: reflections on vaccine emergency development strategies.

Introduction: Major emergent infectious diseases (MEID) pose the most serious threat to human health. The research proposes targeted response strategies for the prevention and control of potential MEID.

Areas Covered: Based on the analysis of infectious diseases, this research analyzes pandemics that have a high probability of occurrence and aims to synthesize the past experience and lessons learned of controlling infectious diseases such as coronavirus, influenza, Ebola, etc.

The Light Absorption Enhancement in Graphene Monolayer Resulting from the Diffraction Coupling of Surface Plasmon Polariton Resonance.

In this study, we investigate a physical mechanism to improve the light absorption efficiency of graphene monolayer from the universal value of 2.3% to about 30% in the visible and near-infrared wavelength range. The physical mechanism is based on the diffraction coupling of surface plasmon polariton resonances in the periodic array of metal nanoparticles.

Genome-Wide -Regulatory Element Based Discovery of Auxin-Responsive Genes in Higher Plant.

Auxin has a profound impact on plant physiology and participates in almost all aspects of plant development processes. Auxin exerts profound pleiotropic effects on plant growth and differentiation by regulating the auxin response genes' expressions. The classical auxin reaction is usually mediated by auxin response factors (ARFs), which bind to the auxin response element (AuxRE) in the promoter region of the target gene.

A Spatial Autoregressive Quantile Regression to Examine Quantile Effects of Regional Factors on Crash Rates.

Spatial autocorrelation and skewed distribution are the most frequent issues in crash rate modelling analysis. Previous studies commonly focus on the spatial autocorrelation between adjacent regions or the relationships between crash rate and potentially risky factors across different quantiles of crash rate distribution, but rarely both. To overcome the research gap, this study utilizes the spatial autoregressive quantile (SARQ) model to estimate how contributing factors influence the total and fatal-plus-injury crash rates and how modelling relationships change across the distribution of crash rates considering the effects of spatial autocorrelation.

Relationship between β-Carotene Accumulation and Geranylgeranyl Pyrophosphate Synthase in Different Species of .

To study the relationship between β-carotene synthesis and geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase (GGPS) activity, 15 species of were used to determine the changes in photosynthetic pigment contents, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, β-carotene content, and GGPS activity. By observing the morphology and size of 15 species of , D8 has the largest individual algal cell and D9 has the smallest individual. Growth was relatively slow during days one through seven.

Smart delivery of poly-peptide composite for effective cancer therapy.

In the past decade, multifunctional peptides have attracted increasing attention in the biomedical field. Peptides possess many impressive advantages, such as high penetration ability, low cost, and etc. However, the short half-life and instability of peptides limit their application.

Genetic Landscape of Relapsed and Refractory Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma: A Systemic Review and Association Analysis With Next-Generation Sequencing.

In our research, we screened 1,495 documents, compiled the whole-exome sequencing data of several studies, formed a data set including 92 observations of RRDLBCL (Relapsed and refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma), and performed association analysis on the high-frequency mutations among them. The most common mutations in the data set include TTN, KMT2D, TP53, IGLL5, CREBBP, BCL2, MYD88, and SOCS1 etc. Among these, CREBBP, KMT2D, and BCL2 have a strong association with each other, and SOCS1 has a strong association with genes such as STAT6, ACTB, CIITA, ITPKB, and GNA13.

De novo chromosome-level genome of a semi-dwarf cultivar of Prunus persica identifies the aquaporin PpTIP2 as responsible for temperature-sensitive semi-dwarf trait and PpB3-1 for flower type and size.

Peach (Prunus persica) is one of the most important fruit crops globally, but its cultivation can be hindered by large tree size. 'Zhongyoutao 14' (CN14) is a temperature-sensitive semi-dwarf (TSSD) cultivar which might be useful as breeding stock. The genome of CN14 was sequenced and assembled de novo using single-molecule real-time sequencing and chromosome conformation capture assembly.

The mechanism and active compounds of semen treating coronavirus disease 2019 based on network pharmacology and molecular docking.

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak is progressing rapidly, and poses significant threats to public health. A number of clinical practice results showed that traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) plays a significant role for COVID-19 treatment.

Objective: To explore the active components and molecular mechanism of semen treating COVID-19 by network pharmacology and molecular docking technology.

Immunogenicity and safety of inactivated enterovirus A71 vaccines in children aged 6-35 months in China: a non-inferiority, randomised controlled trial.

Background: China's three inactivated enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) vaccines are the first and currently world's only EV-A71 vaccines approved by a national regulatory authority and used to prevent EV-A71 associated diseases. The three vaccines vary by vaccine strain, manufacturing cell substrate, and antigen dose, but no head-to-head comparisons of these vaccines have been done. We compared immunogenicity of the vaccines in children 6-35 months old.

Low Back Biomechanics during Repetitive Deadlifts: A Narrative Review.

OCCUPATIONAL APPLICATIONSHeavy deadlifting is used as a screening tool or training protocol for recruitment and retention in physically-demanding occupations, especially in the military. Spinal loads experienced during heavy deadlifts, particularly shearing forces, are well above recommended thresholds for lumbar spine injury in occupational settings. Although members of the noted occupation likely have stronger musculoskeletal systems compared to the general population, experiencing shearing forces that are 2 to 4 times larger than the threshold of injury, particularly under repetitive deadlift, may transform a screening tool or training protocol to an occupationally-harmful physical activity.

Theoretical Study on Metasurfaces for Transverse Magneto-Optical Kerr Effect Enhancement of Ultra-Thin Magnetic Dielectric Films.

We study how to enhance the transverse magneto-optical Kerr effect (TMOKE) of ultra-thin magnetic dielectric films through the excitation of strong magnetic resonances on metasurface with a metal nanowire array stacked above a metal substrate with an ultra-thin magnetic dielectric film spacer. The plasmonic hybridizations between the Au nanowires and substrate result in magnetic resonances. The periodic arrangement of the Au nanowires can excite propagating surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) on the metal surface.

Whole-animal multiplexed single-cell RNA-seq reveals transcriptional shifts across medusa cell types.

We present an organism-wide, transcriptomic cell atlas of the hydrozoan medusa and describe how its component cell types respond to perturbation. Using multiplexed single-cell RNA sequencing, in which individual animals were indexed and pooled from control and perturbation conditions into a single sequencing run, we avoid artifacts from batch effects and are able to discern shifts in cell state in response to organismal perturbations. This work serves as a foundation for future studies of development, function, and regeneration in a genetically tractable jellyfish species.

Tug-of-War between Covalent Binding and Electrostatic Interaction Effectively Killing without Detectable Resistance.

Antimicrobial resistance in Gram-negative bacteria has become one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality and a serious worldwide public health concern due to the fact that Gram-negative bacteria have an additional outer membrane protecting them from an unwanted compound invading. It is still very difficult for antimicrobials to reach intracellular targets and very challenging to treat Gram-negative bacteria with the current strategies. Here, we found that (-(bromomethyl)phenyl)boronic acid was incorporated into poly((2--diethyl)aminoethyl acrylate) (PDEA), forming a copolymer (poly(-B-DEA)) having both phenylboronic acid (B) and ((2--diethyl)amino) (DEA) units.

F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT Performance on Risk Stratification Discrimination and Distant Metastases Prediction in Newly Diagnosed Prostate Cancer.

Objective: To evaluate the prediction performance of F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT and clinicopathologic characteristics on prostate cancer (PCa) risk stratification and distant metastatic prediction.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on 101 consecutively patients with biopsy or radical prostatectomy proved PCa who underwent F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT. The semi-quantitative analysis provided minimum, maximum and mean standardized uptake (SUVmin, SUVmax and SUVmean) of PCa.

Alteration of the Immune Microenvironment in HBsAg and HBeAg Dual-Positive Pregnant Women Presenting a High HBV Viral Load.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the differences in the immune microenvironment between HBV-infected pregnant women with a high HBV viral load and healthy pregnant women, with an emphasis on T cell subset alteration.

Patients And Methods: We compared the differences of cellular and molecular signatures between HBV-infected and healthy pregnant women by performing single-cell RNA and T cell receptor sequencing of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 51,836 women in the mid-trimester pregnancy stage. Specific trajectories of the different T clusters throughout the course of T cell differentiation were investigated.

Evaluation of the cross-neutralization activities elicited by Coxsackievirus A10 vaccine strains.

Increased severity of diseases caused by Coxsackievirus A10 (CV-A10) as well as a large number of mutants and recombinants circulating in the population are a cause of concern for public health. A vaccine with broad-spectrum and homogenous protective capacity is needed to prevent outbreaks of CV-A10. Here, we evaluated cross-neutralization of prototype strain and 17 CV-A10 strains from related manufacturers in mainland China using 30 samples of plasma collected from naturally infected human adults and 18 sera samples from murine immunized with the above strains of CV-A10.

Neuroinflammation in Parkinson's disease: a meta-analysis of PET imaging studies.

Increasingly, evidence implicates an important role of neuroinflammation in neurodegeneration progression. Yet, brain imaging has not reached a consistent conclusion that neuroinflammation is involved in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). We aimed to review the evidence to quantitatively assess the existence and spatial distribution of neuroinflammation in the brain of PD patients.

Complex Age- and Cancer-Related Changes in Human Blood Transcriptome-Implications for Pan-Cancer Diagnostics.

Early cancer detection is the key to a positive clinical outcome. While a number of early diagnostics methods exist in clinics today, they tend to be invasive and limited to a few cancer types. Thus, a clear need exists for non-invasive diagnostics methods that can be used to detect the presence of cancer of any type.

Dual-Cell Patch-Clamp Recording Revealed a Mechanism for a Ribbon Synapse to Process Both Digital and Analog Inputs and Outputs.

A chemical synapse is either an action potential (AP) synapse or a graded potential (GP) synapse but not both. This study investigated how signals passed the glutamatergic synapse between the rod photoreceptor and its postsynaptic hyperpolarizing bipolar cells (HBCs) and light responses of retinal neurons with dual-cell and single-cell patch-clamp recording techniques. The results showed that scotopic lights evoked GPs in rods, whose depolarizing Phase 3 associated with the light offset also evoked APs of a duration of 241.

Correlations between the ECD spectra and absolute configuration of bridged-ring lactones: revisiting Beecham's rule.

Bridged lactones frequently appear as structural fragments in natural products. To elucidate their stereochemistry using electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra, Beecham correlated the sign of the Cotton effect (CE) from the n → π* transition of lactones at approximately 220 nm with the skeleton of bridged lactones. By combining experimental and theoretical ECD analyses of various bridged lactones using time-dependent density functional theory calculations and a methodology for extracting core structures, Beecham's rule was revisited and revised to define the scope of application.