The Application Value of an Artificial Intelligence-Driven Intestinal Image Recognition Model to Evaluate Intestinal Preparation before Colonoscopy.

Artificial intelligence (AI), with advantages such as automatic feature extraction and high data processing capacity and being unaffected by fatigue, can accurately analyze images obtained from colonoscopy, assess the quality of bowel preparation, and reduce the subjectivity of the operating physician, which may help to achieve standardization and normalization of colonoscopy. In this study, we aimed to explore the value of using an AI-driven intestinal image recognition model to evaluate intestinal preparation before colonoscopy. In this retrospective analysis, we analyzed the clinical data of 98 patients who underwent colonoscopy in Nantong First People's Hospital from May 2023 to October 2023.

Classification and Monitoring of Salt Marsh Vegetation in the Yellow River Delta Based on Multi-Source Remote Sensing Data Fusion.

Salt marsh vegetation in the Yellow River Delta, including (), (), and (), is essential for the stability of wetland ecosystems. In recent years, salt marsh vegetation has experienced severe degradation, which is primarily due to invasive species and human activities. Therefore, the accurate monitoring of the spatial distribution of these vegetation types is critical for the ecological protection and restoration of the Yellow River Delta.

Machining Path Optimization of Inductively Coupled Plasma Based on Surface Heat Transfer Model.

Inductively coupled plasma (ICP), a non-contact optical processing method, has been widely used in the preparation of fused quartz. However, the thermal effect during processing inevitably affects the stability of the removal rate, reduces the processing accuracy, and restricts the further development of plasma processing. This paper analyzes the critical temperature that affects the changes in plasma removal depth, establishes a heat transfer model for plasma jet processing through simulations, derives the heat conduction equation during processing, and obtains the critical radius corresponding to the critical temperature related to the processing speed.

Changes in Microbial Community Diversity and the Formation Mechanism of Flavor Metabolites in Industrial-Scale Spontaneous Fermentation of Cabernet Sauvignon Wines.

The key flavor compound formation pathways resulting from indigenous microorganisms during the spontaneous fermentation of wine have not been thoroughly described. In this study, high-throughput metagenomic sequencing and untargeted metabolomics were utilized to investigate the evolution of microbial and metabolite profiles during spontaneous fermentation in industrial-scale wine production and to elucidate the formation mechanisms of key flavor compounds. Metabolome analysis showed that the total amount of esters, fatty acids, organic acids, aldehydes, terpenes, flavonoids, and non-flavonoids increased gradually during fermentation.

Recent progress of mechanofluorochromism and mechanoluminescence for phenothiazine derivatives and analogues.

Mechanofluorochromism (MFC) and mechanoluminescence (ML) materials have garnered significant attention from researchers due to their potential applications in anti-counterfeiting, optical recording, photodynamic therapy, bioimaging, stress sensing, display technology, and ink-free printing paper. Among the various building blocks utilized in these materials, phenothiazine (PTZ) has emerged as a widely employed fundamental component owing to its distinctive electronic and optical properties as well as its facile modification capabilities. Summarizing the recent progress of PTZ derivatives and analogues in this field holds practical significance.

Effects of Illegal Solid Waste Dumping on the Structure of Soil Bacterial Communities: A Case Study in China.

Illegal solid waste dumping is a significant factor contributing to environmental damage. In this study, 16S rRNA gene sequencing technology was used for the identification and assessment of environmental damage in an illegal dumping area in China, with the aim of confirming environmental damage through analyzing changes in the soil bacterial communities across slag, sewage sludge, and non-contaminated areas. The results indicate that the diversity of soil bacteria decreases with an increase in the degree of pollution.

Effects of Long-Term Serum Starvation on Autophagy, Metabolism, and Differentiation of Porcine Skeletal Muscle Satellite Cells.

This study investigated the effects of long-term serum starvation on autophagy, metabolism, and differentiation of porcine skeletal muscle satellite cells (SMSCs) and elucidated the role of autophagy in skeletal muscle development. Our findings provide a theoretical basis for improving meat production in domestic pigs. The SMSCs isolated and preserved in our laboratory were revived and divided into six groups based on the culture medium serum concentration to simulate varying levels of serum starvation: 20% serum (control group), 15% serum (mild serum starvation group), 5% serum (severe serum starvation group), and their autophagy inhibition groups supplemented with 3-methyladenine.

Mitochondrial transplantation: a promising strategy for the treatment of retinal degenerative diseases.

The retina, a crucial neural tissue, is responsible for transforming light signals into visual information, a process that necessitates a significant amount of energy. Mitochondria, the primary powerhouses of the cell, play an integral role in retinal physiology by fulfilling the high-energy requirements of photoreceptors and secondary neurons through oxidative phosphorylation. In a healthy state, mitochondria ensure proper visual function by facilitating efficient conversion and transduction of visual signals.

Effects of unsaturated C18 fatty acids on "glucose-glutathione" Maillard reaction: Comparison and formation pathways of initial stage and meaty flavor compounds.

To explore the effect of oleic acid, linoleic acid, and linolenic acid on "glucose-glutathione" Maillard reaction initial stage and meaty flavor compounds formation pathways, glutathione-Amadori compound was synthesized, and identified by Q/TOF and NMR. Depending on the concentration of glutathione and glutathione-Amadori compound quantified by UPLC-MS/MS, the unsaturated C18 fat acids inhibited glutathione Amadori compound formation or accelerated degradation, and oleic acid inhibited most markedly. The results showed that 65 volatile compounds were detected by GC-MS-O in four model systems.

Valorization of rapeseed straw through the enhancement of cellulose accessibility, lignin removal and xylan elimination using an n-alkyltrimethylammonium bromide-based deep eutectic solvent.

n-Alkyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB)-based deep eutectic solvent (DESs) has potential in the efficient delignification and utilization of carbohydrates in biomass. In this research, DESs containing Brønsted acid and Lewis acid were prepared with CTAB (alkyl-chain length 12-18), organic acids and metal chlorides, and the optimal treatment conditions were acquired by pretreatment optimization. Through the pretreatment with TTAB/LCA/Fe (1:4:0.

Drought Adaptation and Responses of Vary Among Different Regions: Evidence From Growth, Physiology, and RNA-Seq Transcriptome Analysis.

In the context of global climate change, exploring how plant adaptation and responses to drought vary among different regions are crucial to understanding and predicting its geographic distribution. In this study, to explore the drought adaptation and responses of the dominant species in the semi-arid Eurasian Steppes and their differences among the different regions in terms of growth, physiology, and RNA-seq transcriptome, was chosen as the study material, and a seed source (three regions: eastern, middle, and western regions) × soil moisture treatment (three treatments: control, light drought, and heavy drought) two-factor experiment was conducted. (1) Four growth traits for individuals from the western region were significantly lower than those from the other two regions.

Roles of SPOCK1 in the Formation Mechanisms and Treatment of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer and Brain Metastases from Lung Cancer.

Lung cancer is a malignant tumor with high morbidity and mortality in China and worldwide. Once it metastasizes to the brain, its prognosis is very poor. Brain metastases are found in about 20% of newly diagnosed non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients.

Efficacy and safety of interferon-alpha 1b injection into the intervertebral foramen with ultrasonic guidance in patients with postherpetic neuralgia: study protocol for a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter clinical trial.

Purpose: Postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) is a type of refractory neuropathic pain that causes significant suffering, disability, economic loss, and medical burden. In this study, we aim to evaluate the efficacy and safety of interferon (IFN)-α1b injection into the intervertebral foramen of patients with PHN.

Patients And Methods: This is a study protocol for a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled multicenter clinical trial.

Cotargeting of thioredoxin 1 and glutamate-cysteine ligase in both imatinib-sensitive and imatinib-resistant CML cells.

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a type of malignancy characterized by harboring the oncogene Bcr-Abl, which encodes the constitutively activated tyrosine kinase BCR-ABL. Although tyrosine kinase inhibitors targeting BCR-ABL have revolutionized CML therapy, native and acquired drug resistance commonly remains a great challenge. Thioredoxin 1 (Trx1) and glutamate-cysteine ligase (GCL), which are two major antioxidants that maintain cellular redox homeostasis, are potential targets for cancer therapy and overcoming drug resistance.

Binary Doping of Strontium-Magnesium to Bioactive Glasses to Enhance Antibacterial and Osteogenic Effects.

Bone defects that exceed the critical defect value, resulting from fractures and diseases, are often difficult to heal. Although bone tissue engineering is a promising treatment for extensive osseous defects, orthopedic-implant-related infections increase the likelihood of failure. Bioactive glass (BG) has been widely used in the manufacture of artificial bone scaffolds, owing to its excellent biocompatibility and osteoinductivity.

Benchmarking multi-omics integrative clustering methods for subtype identification in colorectal cancer.

Background And Objective: Colorectal cancer (CRC) represents a heterogeneous malignancy that has concerned global burden of incidence and mortality. The traditional tumor-node-metastasis staging system has exhibited certain limitations. With the advancement of omics technologies, researchers are directing their focus on developing a more precise multi-omics molecular classification.

Comprehensive treatment focusing on transarterial chemoembolization for postoperative liver metastasis in gastric cancer patients.

Objective: To investigate the clinical efficacy of comprehensive treatment focusing on transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) for postoperative liver metastasis in patients with gastric cancer and analyze the factors influencing prognosis.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 116 patients who developed liver metastasis after gastric cancer surgery and were admitted to Gansu Provincial Cancer Hospital between January 2018 and February 2020. The observation group, consisting of 62 patients, received TACE with fluorouracil (FU) + irinotecan (CPT-11) + oxaliplatin (OXA) and moderate lipiodol embolization.

PIM1 enhances insulin secretion and inhibits ferroptosis of high glucose-induced pancreatic β-cells through strengthening PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy via inactivating JNK/p38 signaling pathway.

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM), a chronic metabolic disease, is characterized by long-term hyperglycemia resulting from the defect of insulin production and insulin resistance. The damage and dysfunction of pancreatic β-cells is a main link in DM development.

Methods: In this work, pancreatic β-cell line INS-1E cells were exposed to 30 mM glucose for 48 h to construct an in vitro DM model.

Time-lapse HR-pQCT reliably assesses and monitors local bone turnover in patients with chronic kidney disease.

Bone turnover assessment and monitoring are essential for chronic kidney disease (CKD)-associated bone care. Patients with CKD suffer from significantly elevated fracture risk due to abnormally high or low bone turnover, which requires diametrically opposite treatments informed by patient-specific bone turnover data. However, a reliable, accessible, non-invasive bone turnover assessment and monitoring tool remains an unmet clinical need.

Machine-Learning Based Computed Tomography Radiomics Nomgram For Predicting Perineural Invasion In Gastric Cancer.

Objective: The aim of this study was to develop and validate predictive models for perineural invasion (PNI) in gastric cancer (GC) using clinical factors and radiomics features derived from contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CE-CT) scans and to compare the performance of these models.

Methods: This study included 205 GC patients, who were randomly divided into a training set (n=143) and a validation set (n=62) in a 7:3 ratio. Optimal radiomics features were selected using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) algorithm.

Integrated analysis of the prevalence and influencing factors of poststroke dysphagia.

Objectives: Poststroke dysphagia (PSD) is a common complication after stroke but there is limited information on its global prevalence and influencing factors, such as spatial, temporal, demographic characteristics, and stroke-related factors. Our study seeks to fill this knowledge gap by exploring the overall prevalence of PSD and its influencing factors.

Methods: A search of English-language literature from database inception from 2005 until May 2022 was performed using PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Scopus.

Activity waves in condensed excitable phases of Quincke rollers.

Traveling waves are universal in excitable systems; yet, the microscopic dynamics of wave propagation is inaccessible in conventional excitable systems. Here, we show that active colloids of Quincke rollers driven by a periodic electric field can form condensed excitable phases. Distinct from existing excitable media, condensed excitable colloids can be tuned reversibly between active liquids and active crystals in which two distinct waves can be excited, respectively.

Establishment of a novel method for differentiating into dopaminergic neurons using charged hydrogels.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease primarily affecting the central nervous system and impacting both the motor system and non-motor systems. Although administration of L-DOPA is effective, it is not a fundamental treatment and has side effects such as diurnal fluctuation and dyskinesia, highlighting the need for new treatment methods. There is a growing interest in dopaminergic neuron transplantation as a potential treatment.

A Wenzel Interfaces Design for Homogeneous Solute Distribution Obtains Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells.

The coffee-ring effect, caused by uneven deposition of colloidal particles in perovskite precursor solutions, leads to poor uniformity in perovskite films prepared through large-area printing. In this work, the surface of SnO is roughened to construct a Wenzel model, successfully achieving a super-hydrophilic interface. This modification significantly accelerates the spreading of the perovskite precursor solution, reducing the response delay time of perovskite colloidal particles during the printing process.

Exploring the correlations between six serological inflammatory markers and different stages of type 2 diabetic retinopathy.

To determine the correlations between six serological inflammatory markers, namely the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI), aggregate index of systemic inflammation (AISI), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), and various stages of type 2 diabetic retinopathy (T2DR). Additionally, the diagnostic value of these markers in T2DR was evaluated. Clinical data were collected from a total of 397 patients with type 2 diabetes who visited the ophthalmology department at Mian Yang Central Hospital and the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University from January 2023 to December 2023.