[Atypical non-Typhi Salmonella enterica bacteremia, lactose-positive, lysine decarboxylase-negative].

We describe here the first isolation in Argentina of a lactose-fermenting and lysine decarboxylase-negative non-Typhi Salmonella enterica from a blood culture of a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus. The microorganism was identified as S. enterica (score: 2.

Effectiveness of the MyDiaMate application in reducing diabetes distress in adults with type 1 diabetes: Study protocol of the multi-national, randomised-controlled MyREMEDY trial.

Aims: Diabetes distress is common among people with type 1 diabetes (T1D), negatively affecting quality of life, self management, and diabetes outcomes. E-health-based interventions could be an effective and low-cost way to improve the psychological care for people with T1D experiencing diabetes distress. The MyREMEDY study aims to test the effectiveness of the online unguided self-help intervention MyDiaMate in decreasing diabetes distress in adults with T1D.

NDM-5-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae ST258 in a university hospital in Argentina.

Background: A drastic increase in carbapenem resistance among Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates occurred during the period 2019-22. Three epidemiological changes could be evidenced: (i) NDM became the predominant carbapenemase; (ii) NDM-5 replaced NDM-1; and (iii) the emergence of NDM-producing K. pneumoniae ST258 (NDM-KpST258).

The Changing Epidemiology and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Isolated from Blood Cultures in a University Hospital from Argentina.

bacteremia (SAB) is one of the most common serious bacterial infections worldwide. In this study, we demonstrated changes in SAB epidemiology in an Argentinean University Hospital during an 8-year period (2009-2016). A total of 326 clinical isolates were recovered in three periods: P1: 2009-2010, P2: 2012-2014, and P3: 2015-2016.

Defining features of hereditary lobular breast cancer due to CDH1 with magnetic resonance imaging and tumor characteristics.

Women with germline pathogenic variants in CDH1, which encodes E-cadherin protein, are at increased lifetime risk of invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC). The associated tumor characteristics of hereditary lobular breast carcinoma (HLBC) in this high-risk population are not well-known. A single-center prospective cohort study was conducted to determine the imaging and pathologic features of HLBC compared to population-based ILC using Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) data.

Genomic epidemiology of isolated from bloodstream infections in South America during 2019 supports regional surveillance.

remains one of the leading causes of infections worldwide and a common cause of bacteraemia. However, studies documenting the epidemiology of in South America using genomics are scarce. We hereby report on the largest genomic epidemiology study to date of both methicillin-resistant (MRSA) and methicillin-susceptible (MSSA) in South America, conducted by the StaphNET-SA network.

First nosocomial outbreak of SME-4-producing Serratia marcescens in South America.

Carbapenemase-producing-Serratia marcescens isolates, although infrequent, are considered important nosocomial pathogens due to their intrinsic resistance to polymyxins, which limits therapeutic options. We describe a nosocomial outbreak of SME-4-producing S. marcescens in Buenos Aires city which, in our knowledge, represents the first one in South America.

Micronutrient Supplementation and Bone Health After Prophylactic Total Gastrectomy in Patients With CDH1 Variants.

Introduction: Patients with germline variants in CDH1 who undergo prophylactic total gastrectomy (TG) are at risk of altered nutrient and drug absorption due to modified gastrointestinal anatomy. Bone mineral density loss and micronutrient deficiencies have not been described previously in this patient population.

Methods: In this study we included 94 patients with germline CDH1 variants who underwent prophylactic TG between October 2017 and February 2022.

Comparative Genomics Identifies Novel Genetic Changes Associated with Oxacillin, Vancomycin and Daptomycin Susceptibility in ST100 Methicillin-Resistant .

Infections due to vancomycin-intermediate (VISA) and heterogeneous VISA (hVISA) represent a serious concern due to their association with vancomycin treatment failure. However, the underlying molecular mechanism responsible for the hVISA/VISA phenotype is complex and not yet fully understood. We have previously characterized two ST100-MRSA-hVISA clinical isolates recovered before and after 40 days of vancomycin treatment (D1 and D2, respectively) and two in vitro VISA derivatives (D23C9 and D2P11), selected independently from D2 in the presence of vancomycin.

[Vibrio vulnificus infection of the skin and soft parts. Communication of a case diagnosed in Argentina].

Vibrio vulnificus is one of the most virulent Vibrio species known. It is a bacterium with universal distribution. The first case registered in Uruguay occurred in 2001 and, since then, several infections have occurred per year.

Urinary tract infections caused by anaerobic bacteria. Utility of anaerobic urine culture.

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by anaerobic bacteria have scarcely been reported. Since anaerobic bacteria are commensals of the genitourinary tract, their presence in a urine sample adds ambiguity in making a definitive diagnosis of anaerobic UTI. It is well known that standard urine culture is the gold standard method for the detection, identification, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of uropathogens.

The Etiology, Diagnosis, and Management of Esophageal Perforation.

Background: Esophageal perforation is a serious and potentially life-threatening medical emergency. Given multiple etiologies and varying clinical presentations of the perforated esophagus, the diagnosis is commonly delayed, complicating expeditious and optimal intervention.

Methods: We thoroughly reviewed the latest literature on the subject and herein describe the various treatment strategies in varying settings.

Molecular and Phenotypic Characterization of a Multidrug-Resistant Coproducing OXA-232 and MCR1.1 in Argentina.

The spread of arbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales has raised concern in clinical settings due to the limited therapeutic options available. OXA-48-like enzymes are still sporadic in South America. The aim of this study was to characterize a multidrug-resistant isolate from a hospitalized patient in Buenos Aires city.

synergistic activity of aztreonam (AZT) plus novel and old β-lactamase inhibitor combinations against metallo-β-lactamase-producing AZT-resistant .

The emergence of metallo-β-lactamase (MBL)-producing , mainly New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM), represents a clinical threat due to the limited therapeutic alternatives. Aztreonam (AZT) is stable to MBLs, but most MBL-producing isolates usually co-harbour other β-lactamases that confer resistance to AZT and, consequently, its use is restricted in these isolates. We compared the ability of sulbactam (SUL), tazobactam (TAZ), clavulanic acid (CLA) and avibactam (AVI) to restore the AZT activity in MBL-producing AZT-resistant isolates.

A Critical Appraisal of Late Complications of Prepectoral versus Subpectoral Breast Reconstruction Following Nipple-Sparing Mastectomy.

Background: Nipple-sparing mastectomy (NSM) offers improved aesthetics without compromising oncologic safety. Subpectoral breast reconstruction has long been standard practice, although prepectoral reconstruction has recently resurged in popularity. Due to this recent paradigm shift, studies comparing long-term outcomes by reconstructive plane are lacking.

Activity of Minocycline Against Multidrug-Resistant Isolates-Evaluation of Clinical Breakpoints and Review of Literature.

Therapeutic options for the treatment of infections by multidrug-resistant strains are often limited. Minocycline (MIN) is an old antibiotic, with excellent activity against isolates, which can be administered orally. Currently, there is no single criterion regarding the breakpoints for MIN and The activity of MIN was examined against a collection of isolates recovered from 15 hospitals of 6 countries of South America.

Are electronic cigarettes and vaping effective tools for smoking cessation? Limited evidence on surgical outcomes: a narrative review.

The rising popularity of e-cigarettes and vaping, particularly in youth populations, has prompted the scientific community to ocassionally recommend their use as alternative to smoking or as a modality for smoking cessation. Media also tends to portray them as stylish, smoking cessation tools. We first studied the current literature to better understand whether they are viable options for surgeons to use prior to surgery as part of their armamentarium and their efficacy in attaining smoking abstinence.

[Analysis of the diversity of Actinomyces/Actinotignum clinical isolates in a university hospital].

Actinomyces and related genera are grampositive bacilli, opportunistic pathogens, which have been mainly involved in endogenous infections. However, due to the complexity in identifying them for most clinical laboratories, there is scant knowledge about their real clinical significance. In this work, 166 isolates of 13 different species of Actinomyces/Actinotignum species recovered from clinical samples of patients treated in a university hospital were studied.

Therapeutic Application of Cannabis in Medicine and Its Relevance to Thoracic Surgery.

Background: Cannabis is the most commonly used illicit substance in the United States. As cannabis use rises in popularity and its legalization continues to expand, the scientific community must address the controversy between beneficial and adverse effects of cannabis consumption.

Methods: We performed a comprehensive literature review to study the medicinal and pathologic effects of cannabis use, with emphasis on its association with cancer pathophysiology and thoracic surgery.

rapidly identified by MALDI-TOF MS. A rare gram-variable agent of bacteraemia.

is an enteric anaerobic, endospore-forming, gram-positive rod with a low GC content that is rarely associated with disease in humans. We present a case of bacteraemia. To the best of our knowledge, this is the second case of bacteraemia in an elderly patient presenting with fever, abdominal pain and bilious emesis.

In-house rapid colorimetric method for detection of ceftazidime/avibactam resistance in carbapenem resistant Enterobacterales.

A rapid colorimetric method, the Andrade screening antimicrobial test, was compared with the E-test method to detect ceftazidime/avibactam (CZA) resistance in carbapenem resistant Enterobacterales clinical isolates. A 106 non-duplicated isolates (86 susceptible and 20 resistant to CZA) were chosen for validation. The sensitivity and specificity were 100%.

synergistic activity of the sulbactam/avibactam combination against extensively drug-resistant .

The therapeutic options to treat infections are very limited. Our aim was to evaluate the activity of sulbactam combined directly with avibactam or the ampicillin-sulbactam/ceftazidime-avibactam combination against extensively drug-resistant isolates. Extensively drug-resistant isolates (=127) collected at several South American hospitals were studied.