TMS-induced modulation of brain networks and its associations to rTMS treatment for depression: a concurrent fMRI-EEG-TMS study.

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (L-DLPFC) is an established intervention for treatment-resistant depression (TRD), yet the underlying therapeutic mechanisms remain not fully understood. This study employs an integrative approach that combines TMS with concurrent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and electroencephalography (EEG), aimed at assessing the acute/immediate effects of TMS on brain network dynamics and their correlation with clinical outcomes. Our study demonstrates that TMS acutely modulates connectivity within vital brain circuits, particularly the cognitive control and default mode networks.

Mortality Review Committee: Understanding Inpatient and 30-Day Mortality at a Comprehensive Cancer Center.

The Triple Aim of health care involves the simultaneous pursuit of improving the individual experience of care, population health, and reducing per capita costs of care. Our institution established a Mortality Review Committee (MRC) to review instances of inpatient mortality as part of continuing quality improvement with the goal of improving goal concordant care. In this article, we report the experience of MRC.

De-Identifying GRASCCO - A Pilot Study for the De-Identification of the German Medical Text Project (GeMTeX) Corpus.

Introduction: The German Medical Text Project (GeMTeX) is one of the largest infrastructure efforts targeting German-language clinical documents. We here introduce the architecture of the de-identification pipeline of GeMTeX.

Methods: This pipeline comprises the export of raw clinical documents from the local hospital information system, the import into the annotation platform INCEpTION, fully automatic pre-tagging with protected health information (PHI) items by the Averbis Health Discovery pipeline, a manual curation step of these pre-annotated data, and, finally, the automatic replacement of PHI items with type-conformant substitutes.

Assessing the psychometric performance of the EQ-5D-5L among informal caregivers of people with dementia.

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the psychometric performance of the EQ-5D-5L in informal caregivers of people with dementia.

Methods: Data were obtained from an online survey administered to informal caregivers of people with dementia in Australia. Known-group comparisons were examined by formulating 15 a priori hypotheses, where a difference was made between weak and strong hypotheses.

Age at first drink and its influence on alcohol use behaviours in young adulthood: Evidence from an Australian household-based panel study.

Background: Public health guidelines recommend delaying the initiation age for alcohol. However, the causal link between age-at-first-drink (AFD) and future alcohol use in young adulthood is uncertain. This study examined the association between AFD and alcohol-related outcomes at age 20 years using an Australian sample.

Health service and medication costs associated with common mental disorders and subthreshold symptoms in women: Findings from the Geelong Osteoporosis Study in Australia.

Objective: This analysis estimated 2013 annual healthcare costs associated with the common mental disorders of mood and anxiety disorders and psychological symptoms within a representative sample of Australian women.

Methods: Data from the 15-year follow-up of women in the Geelong Osteoporosis Study were linked to 12-month Medicare Benefits Schedule and Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme data. A Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Non-patient edition identified common mental disorders and the General Health Questionnaire 12 assessed psychological symptoms.

The Effects of Accessory Blood Flow Restriction Training on Muscle Size and Strength in Division III Soccer Athletes: A Preliminary Ecological Study.

Blood flow restriction training (BFRT) uses occlusion during low-intensity resistance training (< 50% of 1-repetition maximum, 1RM) to reduce arterial blood flow and venous return, imposing greater metabolic stress but similar muscular hypertrophy and strength gains as high-intensity resistance training (HIRT). However, no study, to date, has incorporated BFRT in a collegiate strength and conditioning setting to assess ecological validity. We aimed to investigate the effects of adding 6-weeks of accessory BFRT or HIRT to NCAA Division III soccer players prescribed resistance training regimen on muscle strength and size.

The Acute Impacts of Resistance Training Performed with and without Blood Flow Restriction on Lower Body Muscular Power.

The American College of Sports Medicine recommends resistance training using at least 70% one repetition maximum to improve muscular strength and hypertrophy; however, these intensities may not be safe for all populations. A training technique that has been reported to elicit increases in strength and muscle size uses low intensity resistance training or low load training in combination with blood flow restriction (BFR) to the working muscle. Although the acute effects of BFR on muscle strength and size are well established, the effects of BFR on muscular power are not definitively known.

Final Report on the German Clinical Reference Corpus 3000PA.

We here report on one of the outcomes of a large-scale German research program, the Medical Informatics Initiative (MII), aiming at the development of a solid data and software infrastructure for German-language clinical natural language processing. Within this framework, we have developed 3000PA, a national clinical reference corpus composed of patient records from three clinical university sites and annotated with a multitude of semantic annotation layers (including medical named entities, semantic and temporal relations between entities, as well as certainty and negation information related to entities and relations). This non-sharable corpus has been complemented by three sharable ones (JSYNCC, GGPONC, and GRASCCO).

Economic evidence for prevention and treatment of eating disorders: An updated systematic review.

Objective: This systematic review updates an existing review examining the cost-effectiveness of interventions to prevent and treat eating disorders (EDs).

Method: Literature search was conducted in Academic Search Complete, MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, EconLit, Global Health, ERIC, Health Business Elite, and Health Policy Reference Center electronic databases, capturing studies published between March 2017 to April 2023. Hand-searching was conducted as supplementary including gray literature search.

Biomarkers predict the efficacy of closed-loop rTMS treatment for refractory depression.

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive FDA-approved therapy for major depressive disorder (MDD), specifically for treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Though offering promise for those with TRD, its effectiveness is less than one in two patients (i.e.

EEG synchronized left prefrontal transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) for treatment resistant depression is feasible and produces an entrainment dependent clinical response: A randomized controlled double blind clinical trial.

Background: Synchronizing a TMS pulse with a person's underlying EEG rhythm can modify the brain's response. It is unclear if synchronizing rTMS trains might boost the antidepressant effect of TMS. In this first-in-human trial, we demonstrated that a single TMS pulse over the prefrontal cortex produces larger effects in the anterior cingulate depending on when it is fired relative to the individual's EEG alpha phase.

Pupil-linked arousal correlates with neural activity prior to sensorimotor decisions.

Sensorimotor decisions require the brain to process external information and combine it with relevant knowledge prior to actions. In this study, we explore the neural predictors of motor actions in a novel, realistic driving task designed to study decisions while driving.Through a spatiospectral assessment of functional connectivity during the premotor period, we identified the organization of visual cortex regions of interest into a distinct scene processing network.

Studies of κ- and κ-tripyridylamine complexes of ruthenium and π-stacking by pyridyls.

The reaction of tris(pyridin-2-yl)amine with [CyRuCl] (Cy = p-isopropyltoluene or cymene) in refluxing diglyme led to the formation of cis-[RuCl{κ-(2-py)N}]·CHCl (1a) after recrystallization from chloroform/pentane, or cis-dichloridobis[tris(pyridin-2-yl)amine-κN,N']ruthenium(II) dichloromethane disolvate, [RuCl(CHN)]·2CHCl or cis-[RuCl{κ-(2-py)N}]·2CHCl (1b). Treatment of 1a with one equivalent of silver(I) hexafluoridoantimonate in dichloromethane gave [RuCl{κ-(2-py)N}{κ-(2-py)N}][SbF]·CHCl (2a). Crystallization of 2a from chloroform provided chlorido[tris(pyridin-2-yl)amine-κN,N'][tris(pyridin-2-yl)amine-κN,N',N'']ruthenium(II) hexafluoridoantimonate chloroform monosolvate, [RuCl(CHN)][SbF]·CHCl or [RuCl{κ-(2-py)N}{κ-(2-py)N}][SbF]·CHCl (2b).

Increased entrainment and decreased excitability predict efficacious treatment of closed-loop phase-locked rTMS for treatment-resistant depression.

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is an FDA-approved therapy for major depressive disorder (MDD), specifically for patients who have treatment-resistant depression (TRD). However, TMS produces response or remission in about 50% of patients but is ineffective for the other 50%. Limits on efficacy may be due to individual patient variability, but to date, there are no good biomarkers or measures of target engagement.

Hemilability and structural considerations in complexes of platinum(II) comprising bis(diphenylphosphanyl)methane monoxide, monosulfide, and monoselenide.

The structure of a platinum(II) complex containing (R)-(dimethylamino)ethylnapthyl and bis(diphenylphosphanyl)methane monosulfide ligands, namely, {(R)-1-[1-(dimethylamino)ethyl]napthyl-κN,C}[(diphenylphosphanylmethyl)diphenylphosphine sulfide-κP,S]platinum(II) hexafluoridoantimonate dichloromethane monosolvate, [Pt(CHN)(CHPS)][SbF]·CHCl, was determined. The structural features are compared with analogous platinum bis(diphenylphosphanyl)methane monoxide [dppm(O)] and bis(diphenylphosphanyl)methane monoselenide [dppm(Se)] complexes in relation to their potential hemilability and stereochemical nonrigidity.

Impact of high intensity interval exercise with and without heat stress on cardiovascular and aerobic performance: a pilot study.

Background: Heat stress during aerobic exercise training may offer an additional stimulus to improve cardiovascular function and performance in a cool-temperate environment. However, there is a paucity of information on the additive effects of high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) and acute heat stress. We aimed to determine the effects of HIIE in combination with acute heat stress on cardiovascular function and exercise performance.

The Cost-Effectiveness of a Novel Online Social Therapy to Maintain Treatment Effects From First-Episode Psychosis Services: Results From the Horyzons Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Digital interventions have potential applications in promoting long-term recovery and improving outcomes in first-episode psychosis (FEP). This study aimed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of Horyzons, a novel online social therapy to support young people aged 16-27 years following discharge from FEP services, compared with treatment as usual (TAU) from a healthcare sector and a societal perspective.

Study Design: A cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA), based on the change in social functioning, and a cost-utility analysis (CUA) using quality-adjusted life years were undertaken alongside a randomized controlled trial.

The timing of transcranial magnetic stimulation relative to the phase of prefrontal alpha EEG modulates downstream target engagement.

Background: The communication through coherence model posits that brain rhythms are synchronized across different frequency bands and that effective connectivity strength between interacting regions depends on their phase relation. Evidence to support the model comes mostly from electrophysiological recordings in animals while evidence from human data is limited.

Methods: Here, an fMRI-EEG-TMS (fET) instrument capable of acquiring simultaneous fMRI and EEG during noninvasive single pulse TMS applied to dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) was used to test whether prefrontal EEG alpha phase moderates TMS-evoked top-down influences on subgenual, rostral and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (ACC).

Management of malignancy-induced, life-threatening hypoxemic respiratory failure using a self-expanding Y stent.

We present the case of a young woman transferred to our center with acute hypoxic respiratory failure due to an obstructing subcarinal mass. We review the management and rationale of this respiratory failure at different stages of her hospital course. We describe the approach and rationale in both the intensive care unit as well as the bronchoscopy suite.

Economic evaluation of a Decision Support Tool to guide intensity of mental health care in general practice: the Link-me pragmatic randomised controlled trial.

Background: This paper reports on the cost-effectiveness evaluation of Link-me - a digitally supported, systematic approach to triaging care for depression and anxiety in primary care that uses a patient-completed Decision Support Tool (DST).

Methods: The economic evaluation was conducted alongside a parallel, stratified individually randomised controlled trial (RCT) comparing prognosis-matched care to usual care at six- and 12-month follow-up. Twenty-three general practices in three Australian Primary Health Networks recruited 1,671 adults (aged 18 - 75 years), predicted by the DST to have minimal/mild or severe depressive or anxiety symptoms in three months.

Daily prefrontal closed-loop repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) produces progressive EEG quasi-alpha phase entrainment in depressed adults.

Background: Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive neuromodulation modality that can treat depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, or help smoking cessation. Research suggests that timing the delivery of TMS relative to an endogenous brain state may affect efficacy and short-term brain dynamics.

Objective: To investigate whether, for a multi-week daily treatment of repetitive TMS (rTMS), there is an effect on brain dynamics that depends on the timing of the TMS relative to individuals' prefrontal EEG quasi-alpha rhythm (between 6 and 13 Hz).

Sports Activity and Patient-Related Outcomes after Cementless Total Hip Arthroplasty in Patients Younger than 40 Years.

Background: The management of degenerative hip diseases in young patients remains a challenge. Despite the improvement of hip-preserving procedures, total hip arthroplasty (THA) may be required in some instances. In addition, young patients undergoing THA have high expectations concerning their postoperative level of activity.