Retinal changes in multiple sclerosis: An optical coherence tomography and angiography study.

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune demyelinating disease of the central nervous system with neuroaxonal damage. It is the principal driver of non-traumatic disability in young adults. Visual symptoms are common and optic neuritis (ON) may be the revealing feature in up to 30% of cases.

Bilateral central retinal vein occlusion following COVID-19 vaccination: Cause or coincidence?

Aim: To report a case of sequential bilateral ischemic central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) following the third dose of anti-COVID 19 vaccination.

Methods: Observational case report.

Results: A 73-year-old Caucasian male patient, with no known medical history, complained of sudden vision loss in his right eye (RE) 18 days following the third dose of Pfizer-BioNTech anti-COVID 19 vaccination.

Multimodal imaging of focal choroidal excavation and macular choroidal cavitation associated to choroidal neovascularization.

To report multimodal imaging features of an unusual case of multiple focal choroidal excavations (FCE) associated to macular intrachoroidal cavitations (ICC) and choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in a non-myopic patient with normal choroidal thickness. Observational case report. A 69-year-old non-myopic male patient with history of macular CNV of unknown etiology in the right eye (RE), initially treated with Bevacizumab intravitreal injections with significant improvement of visual acuity.

Optical coherence tomography and angiography in Alzheimer's disease and other cognitive disorders.

Aims: The aims of this study were to analyze retinal and choroidal changes on optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT-Angiography (OCT-A) in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients and compare them to other forms of major dementia. We also aimed to analyze the correlation between clinical severity of global cognitive deficiency assessed by the mini-mental state exam (MMSE) score and OCT/OCT-A parameters.

Methods: Retrospective cross-sectional evaluative study of AD, and age-and gender-matched patients with other dementias.

Management of a Bilateral Post-Uveitic Complex Glaucoma with Pupillary Block, Rupture of the Anterior Lens Capsule, and Malignant Glaucoma following Laser Peripheral Iridotomies: Case Report and Literature Review.

Purpose: To report a case of a bilateral complex uveitic glaucoma (UG) with pupillary block, rupture of the anterior lens capsule, and malignant glaucoma in a young high-myopic patient and to report anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) findings initially and following surgery.

Methods: A 21-year-old high-myopic woman who had a history of anterior uveitis with extensive posterior synechiae, presented with acute bilateral ocular pain, redness, and blurred vision following bilateral Nd: YAG laser peripheral iridotomy (LPI).

Results: Visual acuity was limited to light perception in both eyes (OU), with a flat anterior chamber (AC) and anterior luxation of lens fragments.

Case Report: Swept-source Optical Coherence Tomography and Angiography Findings in Lipemia Retinalis.

Significance: Lipemia retinalis is a very rare ocular manifestation of severe hypertriglyceridemia. It is usually symptomatic and regresses after normalization of triglycerides levels. Early recognition is important to prevent ocular and life-threatening complications.

Macular Dystrophy with Bilateral Macular Telangiectasia Related to the CYP2U1 Pathogenic Variant Assessed with Multimodal Imaging Including OCT-Angiography.

Purpose: We report the case of a neurologically asymptomatic young boy presenting with an unusual phenotype of related macular dystrophy associating bilateral macular telangiectasia (MacTel) and fibrotic choroidal neovascularization (CNV), assessed with complete multimodal imaging including optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A).

Case Presentation: A twelve-year-old boy from a non-consanguineous family complained of bilateral progressive visual loss and photophobia. The best-corrected visual acuity was 2/10 on the right eye and 3/10 on the left eye.

Subthreshold micropulse laser adjuvant to bevacizumab versus bevacizumab monotherapy in treating diabetic macular edema: one- year- follow-up.

Purpose: To compare the therapeutic impact of combining intravitreal injections of bevacizumab (IVB) with micropulse laser (MPL) in central diffuse diabetic macular edema (DME) versus IVB monotherapy during 12 months follow-up.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective comparative study of 98 treatment-naive eyes (63 patients) with central diffuse DME. The first group of patients (IVB + MPL group,  = 49) was treated with 3 monthly IVB followed by MPL within 1 week after the third injection.

Multimodal imaging of bilateral immunogammopathy maculopathy associated to Waldenström's macroglobulinemia.

Aim: Our aim is to report a case with bilateral Waldenström's macroglobulinemia (WM) associated maculopathy, assessed with multimodal imaging including swept source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) and OCT-Angiography (OCT-A).

Methods: Observational case report.

Case Presentation: A 61-year-old diabetic woman with history of treated WM currently in remission, presented with progressive bilateral visual loss.

Optic disc and choroidal metastases secondary to breast cancer: A case report.

Aim: To report an uncommon case of optic disc and multiple choroidal metastases secondary to breast cancer, assessed with swept source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT), fluorescein (FA), and infracyanine (ICGA) angiographies.

Methods: Observational case report.

Case Presentation: A 40-year-old woman with history of left breast carcinoma presented with blurred vision in her right eye (RE).

Homozygous mutation in ABCA4 associated with cone rod dystrophy in a patient with Turner syndrome.

Purpose: We report a special case of a patient who presented with two rare genetic diseases, Turner syndrome and cone-rod dystrophy (CRD), caused by mutation in the ABCA4 gene.

Methods: We present a case of a 12-year-old female with a progressive visual loss, poor night vision and short stature. We performed a clinical, karyotype of peripheral blood and molecular genetic study.

Central corneal thickness in a healthy Tunisian population.

Aim: To study the central corneal thickness of a Tunisian population and determine the influence of age, gender, axial length and refractive error on central corneal thickness (CCT) values.

Methods: An observational, cross-sectional study was conducted on 608 eyes of consecutive Tunisian patients without ophthalmic disease. Corneal tomography (Oculus Pentacam, USA) and a complete eye examination were performed on all patients.

E-learning for Ophthalmology Training Continuity During COVID-19 Pandemic: Satisfaction of residents of Hédi Raies Institut of Ophthalmology of Tunis.

Introduction: COVID-19 pandemic created great challenges for the continuity of medical education. At the Hédi Raies Institut of Ophthalmology of Tunis (HRIO), the need to ensure continuity in the teaching of ophthalmology has stimulated the development of a new e-learning resource based on clinical case studies.

Aim:   To evaluate level of satisfaction of HRIO residents in regard to clinical case-study-based e-learning of ophthalmology.

OCT-angiography assessing quiescent and active choroidal neovascularization in retinitis pigmentosa associated with pathogenic variant.

Purpose: To report multimodal imaging findings including optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) of a patient presenting with a quiescent choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in one eye and an active CNV in the fellow eye, complicating retinitis pigmentosa (RP) linked to pathogenic variant, with follow-up and management of both eyes.

Methods: Observational case report.

Results: A 40-year-old female with history of autosomal dominant RP consulted for acute visual loss in her right eye (RE).

Different Phenotypes in Pseudodominant Inherited Retinal Dystrophies.

Retinal dystrophies (RD) are a group of Mendelian disorders caused by rare genetic variations leading to blindness. A pathogenic variant may manifest in both dominant or recessive mode and clinical and genetic heterogeneity makes it difficult to establish a precise diagnosis. In this study, families with autosomal dominant RD in successive generations were identified, and we aimed to determine the disease's molecular origin in these consanguineous families.

Spontaneous reattachment of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment:about 5 cases.

Introduction: Spontaneous retinal reattachment is very rare in the natural evolution of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment and it is often undervalued.

Aim: To report some cases of this affection.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted reporting five eyes of five patients who presented for acute visual loss in relation with a confirmed rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.

Polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy in a patient with angioid streaks treated by bevacizumab.

Objective: We report the association of polypoid choroidal vasculopathy (PVC) with angioid streaks (AS) secondary to pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE) treated by intravitreal injection of bevacizumab.

Case Report: A 50-year-old patient, followed in dermatology for a PXE, who consulted for a consulted for a decreased vision in his right eye (RE) for a month. On examination, best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was at 1/20 P14 in the RE and at 8/10 P2 in the left eye (LE).