Unplanned Pregnancy and Depressive Symptoms during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

This is a cross-sectional study conducted with pregnant women who underwent prenatal care at basic health units in São Luís City, Maranhão State, Brazil. The authors used a semistructured questionnaire to assess the socioeconomic, demographic, and clinical characteristics of pregnant women as well as the Edinburgh Scale to investigate depressive symptoms. In order to assess the association between the explanatory variable and the outcome variable, Poisson logistic regression was performed with statistical significance at p < 0.

The Baecke Habitual Physical Activity Questionnaire (BHPAQ): a valid internal structure of the instrument to assess healthy Brazilian adults.

Objective: This study aimed to validate the internal structure of the Brazilian version of the Baecke Habitual Physical Activity Questionnaire.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with individuals over 18 years old of both sexes, with Brazilian Portuguese as their native language. The structure of the Baecke Habitual Physical Activity Questionnaire was tested by confirmatory factor analysis.

Decrease in CD8CD45CCR7CD62L T cells in individuals vaccinated with Sinovac-CoronaVac following COVID-19 infection.

Vaccines induce antibodies, but T cell responses are also important for protection against Coronavirus disease 2019. Here, we analyzed the frequency of memory T cells in infected and/or vaccinated individuals and observed a decrease in central memory T cells in individuals who were vaccinated following COVID-19 infection.

Hydroalcoholic Leaf Extract of , alone and in Combination with Calcium Hydroxide, Is Effective against Mono- and Polymicrobial Biofilms of and .

Failures in endodontic treatments are mostly associated with the difficulty in eradicating microbes of the root canal system, highlighting the need to develop novel effective antimicrobials. (pomegranate) leaf hydroalcoholic extract may be a potential alternative in canal dressing, owing to its antimicrobial properties. The objective of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of hydroalcoholic leaf extract of (HEPg) alone or in combination with calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)) against and in isolation and in mono- and polymicrobial biofilms.

Immunity and inflammatory biomarkers in COVID-19: A systematic review.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a clinical syndrome caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus. Patients can be asymptomatic or present respiratory and gastrointestinal symptoms, and even multiple-organ failure which can lead to death. The balance between an effective antiviral response and dysregulated immune response is the key factor determining the severity of COVID-19 progression.

Antimicrobial Potential of (PB) Isolated From a Plant Native to the Amazon Against .

The objective of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial action of filamentous bacteria isolated from the leaf. An endophytic bacterium has been identified by classical and molecular techniques as . Screening for antibacterial action against pathogens with medical relevance ( ATCC 700603, ATCC 15692, ATCC 6538, ATCC 27012, , ATCC 24065, and ATCC 24067) demonstrated activity against the bacterium ATCC 0030 with inhibition diameter zones (IDZ) of 17.

Identification and seasonality of rhinovirus and respiratory syncytial virus in asthmatic children in tropical climate.

Introduction: Asthma is a disease that has been associated with the presence of different genetic and socio-environmental factors.

Objective: To identify and evaluate the seasonality of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and human rhinovirus (RV) in asthmatic children and adolescents in tropical climate, as well as to assess the socioeconomic and environmental factors involved.

Methods: The study was conducted in a referral hospital, where a total of 151 children were recruited with a respiratory infection.

Corrigendum: GalloylHexahydroxydiphenoyl (HHDP)-Glucose Isolated From . Leaves Protects Against Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-Induced Acute Lung Injury in BALB/c Mice.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.

GalloylHexahydroxydiphenoyl (HHDP)-Glucose Isolated From . Leaves Protects Against Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-Induced Acute Lung Injury in BALB/c Mice.

The hydroalcoholic extract and ethyl acetate fraction of leaves have been known to exhibit anti-inflammatory activities. In this study, we investigated the therapeutic effects of galloyl-hexahydroxydiphenoyl (HHDP)-glucose isolated from pomegranate leaves on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) in mice. Male BALB/c mice were treated with different doses of galloyl-HHDP-glucose (5, 50, and 100 mg/Kg) or dexamethasone at 5 mg/Kg () 6 h after intra-tracheal instillation of LPS.

Socio-environmental profile of child and adolescents sensitized by house dust mite in northeast of Brazil.

Introduction: The association regarding the atopic sensitization to mite aeroallergens and the socio-environmental features is still inconsistent.

Objectives: We analyzed the role played by socioeconomic and environmental factors in the prevalence of sensitization to house dust mite (HDM) allergens, and associated with the risk of developing asthma symptoms.

Patients And Methods: This is a case-control study conducted with 108 patients, aged 1-17.

High incidence of rhinovirus infection in children with community-acquired pneumonia from a city in the Brazilian pre-Amazon region.

Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is the leading cause of child death worldwide. Viruses are the most common pathogens associated with CAP in children, but their incidence varies greatly. This study investigated the presence of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), adenovirus, human rhinovirus (HRV), human metapneumovirus (HMPV), human coronavirus (HCoV-OC43 and HCoV-NL63), and influenza A virus (FluA) in children with CAP and the contributing risk factors.

Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from severe asthmatic children release lower amounts of IL-12 and IL-4 after LPS stimulation.

Introduction: Asthma is an inflammatory disorder of the airways associated with bronchial hyperresponsiveness, airway obstruction, and increased mucus production, with a predominance of type 2 immune response (Th2). According to the hygiene hypothesis, exposure to environmental bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) may induce a type 1 immune response (Th1), modulating the development of asthma.

Objective: In this study we investigated cytokine production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from children and adolescents with severe asthma, in response to LPS stimulation in vitro.

BAY 41-2272 activates host defence against local and disseminated Candida albicans infections.

In our previous study, we have found that 5-cyclopropyl-2-[1-(2-fluoro-benzyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine-3-yl]-pyrimidin-4-ylamine (BAY 41-2272), a guanylate cyclase agonist, activates human monocytes and the THP-1 cell line to produce the superoxide anion, increasing in vitro microbicidal activity, suggesting that this drug can be used to modulate immune functioning in primary immunodeficiency patients. In the present work, we investigated the potential of the in vivo administration of BAY 41-2272 for the treatment of Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus infections introduced via intraperitoneal and subcutaneous inoculation. We found that intraperitoneal treatment with BAY 41-2272 markedly increased macrophage-dependent cell influx to the peritoneum in addition to macrophage functions, such as spreading, zymosan particle phagocytosis and nitric oxide and phorbol myristate acetate-stimulated hydrogen peroxide production.

Leukocytes from wheezing infants release lower amounts of IL-12 and IFN-γ compared to non-wheezing infants.

Objective: This study investigated environmental endotoxin exposure during early life, sensitization to aeroallergens, the production of cytokines by LPS-stimulated leukocytes, and the development of a wheezing phenotype in a prospective cohort of infants with high risk of developing allergic diseases.

Materials And Methods: Eighty-four infants were followed from birth until 30 months of age. We assessed endotoxin concentration in house dust of their homes during the first 6 months of life.

Expanding the clinical and genetic spectrum of human CD40L deficiency: the occurrence of paracoccidioidomycosis and other unusual infections in Brazilian patients.

CD40 ligand (CD40L) deficiency or X-linked hyper-IgM syndrome (X-HIGM) is a well-described primary immunodeficiency in which Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia is a common clinical feature. We have identified an unusual high incidence of fungal infections and other not yet described infections in a cohort of 11 X-HIGM patients from nine unrelated Brazilian families. Among these, we describe the first case of paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) in X-HIGM.

BAY 41-2272, a soluble guanylate cyclase agonist, activates human mononuclear phagocytes.

Background And Purpose: Phagocyte function is critical for host defense against infections. Defects in phagocytic function lead to several primary immunodeficiencies characterized by early onset of recurrent and severe infections. In this work, we further investigated the effects of BAY 41-2272, a soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) agonist, on the activation of human peripheral blood monocytes (PBM) and THP-1 cells.

Molecular markers of susceptibility to ocular toxoplasmosis, host and guest behaving badly.

Infection with Toxoplasma gondii results in retinochoroiditis in 6% to 20% of immunocompetent individuals. The outcome of infection is the result of a set of interactions involving host genetic background, environmental, and social factors, and the genetic background of the parasite, all of which can be further modified by additional infections or even reinfection. Genes that encode several components of the immune system exhibit polymorphisms in their regulatory and coding regions that affect level and type of expression in response to stimuli, directing the immune response into different pathways.