A Low-Power High-Sensitivity Photocurrent Sensory Circuit with Capacitive Feedback Transimpedance for Photoplethysmography Sensing.

This study presents an integrated analog front-end (AFE) tailored for photoplethysmography (PPG) sensing. The AFE module introduces a novel transimpedance amplifier (TIA) that incorporates capacitive feedback techniques alongside common drain feedback (CDF) TIA. The unique TIA topology achieves both high gain and high sensitivity while maintaining low power consumption.

Detection of butane and propane gases via CN sensors: first principles modeling.

Gas sensing is a critical research area in aerospace, military, medical, and industrial environments, as it helps prevent risks to human health and the environment caused by toxic gases. Propane and butane, commonly used as fuels in household and industrial settings, are toxic and flammable gases that need to be effectively detected to avoid leakage or explosion accidents. To address this, nanomaterial-based gas sensors are being developed with low power consumption and operating temperatures.

Evolution of type-II hetero-strain cylindrical-gate-all-around nanowire FET for exploration and analysis of enriched performances.

The incubation of strained nano-system in the form of tri-layered structure as nanowire channel in the cylindrical-gate-all-around (CGAA) FET at 10 nm gate length is developed for the first time to keep abreast with the proposed 3 nm technology node of IRDS 2022. The system installs Type-II hetero-strain alignment in the channel attesting itself as the fastest operating device debasing the SCEs at nano regime. The ultra-thin strained-channel comprises of two cylindrical s-Si wells encompassing s-SiGe barrier in between, which enables improvement of carrier mobility by succumbing of quantum charge carriers in the region.

Development and Analysis of a Three-Fin Trigate Q-FinFET for a 3 nm Technology Node with a Strained-Silicon Channel System.

Multi-gate field effect transistors (FETs) such as FinFETs are severely affected by short-channel effects (SCEs) below 14 nm technology nodes, with even taller fins incurring fringing capacitances. This leads to performance degradation of the devices, which inhibits further scaling of nanoFETs, deterring the progress of semiconductor industries. Therefore, research has not kept pace with the technological requirements of the International Roadmap for Devices and Systems (IRDS).

Graphene Nanoribbon Field Effect Transistor Simulations for the Detection of Sugar Molecules: Semi-Empirical Modeling.

Graphene has remarkable characteristics that make it a potential candidate for optoelectronics and electronics applications. Graphene is a sensitive material that reacts to any physical variation in its environment. Due to its extremely low intrinsic electrical noise, graphene can detect even a single molecule in its proximity.

The design of a point of care FET biosensor to detect and screen COVID-19.

Graphene field effect transistor (FET) biosensors have attracted huge attention in the point-of-care and accurate detection. With the recent spread of the new emerging severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the need for rapid, and accurate detection & screening tools is arising. Employing these easy-to-handle sensors can offer cheap, rapid, and accurate detection.

Sugar Molecules Detection via CN Transistor-Based Sensor: First Principles Modeling.

Real-time detection of sugar molecules is critical for preventing and monitoring diabetes and for food quality evaluation. In this article, a field effect transistor (FET) based on two-dimensional nitrogenated holey graphene (CN) was designed, developed, and tested to identify the sugar molecules including xylose, fructose, and glucose. Both density functional theory and non-equilibrium Green's function (DFT + NEGF) were used to study the designed device.

Real-time COVID-19 detection via graphite oxide-based field-effect transistor biosensors decorated with Pt/Pd nanoparticles.

Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) spreads an extremely infectious disease where there is no specific treatment. COVID-19 virus had a rapid and unexpected spread rate which resulted in critical difficulties for public health and unprecedented daily life disruption. Thus, accurate, rapid, and early diagnosis of COVID-19 virus is critical to maintain public health safety.

COVID-19 Detection via Silicon Nanowire Field-Effect Transistor: Setup and Modeling of Its Function.

Biomolecular detection methods have evolved from simple chemical processes to laboratory sensors capable of acquiring accurate measurements of various biological components. Recently, silicon nanowire field-effect transistors (SiNW-FETs) have been drawing enormous interest due to their potential in the biomolecular sensing field. SiNW-FETs exhibit capabilities such as providing real-time, label-free, highly selective, and sensitive detection.

Detection of DNA Bases via Field Effect Transistor of Graphene Nanoribbon With a Nanopore: Semi-Empirical Modeling.

DNA sequencing techniques are critical in order to investigate genes' functions. Obtaining fast, accurate, and affordable DNA bases detection makes it possible to acquire personalized medicine. In this article, a semi-empirical technique is used to calculate the electron transport characteristics of the developed z-shaped graphene device to detect the DNA bases.

Low power consumption and fast response HS gas sensor based on a chitosan-CuO hybrid nanocomposite thin film.

In this work, a novel selective and low temperature HS gas sensor was fabricated based on copper (II) oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) in different concentrations, embedded in a conductivity-engineered organic (glycerol ionic liquid-doped chitosan) membrane/film. The sensing membranes of organic-inorganic nanocomposites (CS-IL-CuO) were prepared by casting method and were tested against HS gas with reference to time at different temperatures and HS gas concentrations. The fabricated sensor showed a fast response (14 s) and good sensitivity (15 ppm) towards HS gas at a low temperature of 40 °C.

Breast cancer cells exhibits specific dielectric signature in vitro using the open-ended coaxial probe technique from 200 MHz to 13.6 GHz.

Here we investigated the feasibility of using microwave spectroscopy for characterization of normal and breast cancer cell lines cultured in vitro. Healthy non-tumorigenic, MCF-10A and breast cancer, MDA-MB-231, Hs578T, T47D and MCF-7 cell lines were electrically characterized using the open-ended coaxial probe technique from 200 MHz to 13.6 GHz.

Graphene-based nanopore approaches for DNA sequencing: A literature review.

DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is the blueprint of life as it encodes all genetic information. In genetic disorder such as gene fusion, copy number variation (CNV) and single nucleotide polymorphism, DNA sequencing is used as the gold standard for successful diagnosis. Researchers have been conducting rigorous studies to achieve genome sequence at low cost while maintaining high accuracy and high throughput, as such sequencer devices have been developed which led to the evolvement of this technology.

Transcriptome analysis reveals genes commonly induced by Botrytis cinerea infection, cold, drought and oxidative stresses in Arabidopsis.

Signaling pathways controlling biotic and abiotic stress responses may interact synergistically or antagonistically. To identify the similarities and differences among responses to diverse stresses, we analyzed previously published microarray data on the transcriptomic responses of Arabidopsis to infection with Botrytis cinerea (a biotic stress), and to cold, drought, and oxidative stresses (abiotic stresses). Our analyses showed that at early stages after B.

A New Fully Differential CMOS Capacitance to Digital Converter for Lab-on-Chip Applications.

In this paper, we present a new differential CMOS capacitive sensor for Lab-on-Chip applications. The proposed integrated sensor features a DC-input ΣΔ capacitance to digital converter (CDC) and two reference and sensing microelectrodes integrated on the top most metal layer in 0.35 μm CMOS process.

Toward implantable glucometer: design, modeling and experimental results.

We put forward an implantable glucometers using a biologically inspired sensor (BioS) method. In this method, engineered glucokinase (GLK) molecules are used as nanoscale glucometers. Herein, we describe two computational and experimental models of GLKs exposed to glucose molecules.

On-chip electroporation: characterization, modeling and experimental results.

In this paper, we describe an on-chip electroporation (EP) method for high precision nano-injection of bio-molecules into single cells. EP is an electrical stimulation method to create nano-pores on the cell plasma membrane. Herein, we first put forward the computational models of the cultured cells microelectrodes.

Multicoils-based inductive links dedicated to power up implantable medical devices: modeling, design and experimental results.

We present in this paper a new topology of inductively-coupled links based on a monolithic multi-coils receiver. A model is built to characterize the proposed structure using Matlab and is verified employing simulation tools under ADS electromagnetic environment. This topology accounts for the losses associated with the receiver micro-coil including substrate and oxide layers.