Hydrodynamic and heat transfer analysis of dissimilar shaped nanoparticles-based hybrid nanofluids in a rotating frame with convective boundary condition.

Solar thermal systems have low efficiency due to the working fluid's weak thermophysical characteristics. Thermo-physical characteristics of base fluid depend on particle concentration, diameter, and shapes. To assess a nanofluid's thermal performance in a solar collector, it is important to first understand the thermophysical changes that occur when nanoparticles are introduced to the base fluid.