Impact of acidic beverages on composition and surface characteristics of human teeth: scanning electron microscopic, stereomicroscopic and energy dispersive x-ray analyses.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of acidic beverages on the surface topography and elemental composition of human teeth.

Methods: A total of five highly acidic beverages (Red Bull, Pepsi, Apple Cidra, Tang Mosambi, and Tang Orange) were investigated. The tooth specimens of experimental groups were submerged in each beverage and incubated at 37 °C for 7 days, whereas, the tooth specimens of control groups were placed in distilled water.

Evaluation of the Impact of Irradiance Lamps and Storage Media on Elution of TEGDMA from Dental Composites.

Objectives:  The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the effect of irradiance light and storage media on the elution of triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) from conventional Filtek Z350XT 3M ESPE and two bulk-fill composites Shofu Beautifil-Bulk and Filtek Bulk fill flowable 3M ESPE using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).

Materials And Methods:  Shofu Beautifil-Bulk, Filtek Bulk fill flowable 3M ESPE, and Filtek Z350XT 3M ESPE were the three types of composites used in this study. Disk shaped samples of 4-mm thickness and 10-mm diameter were fabricated using a stainless steel mold and were polymerized using light emitting diode (LED) and quartz tungsten halogen (QTH) lamps.

Chitosan-based materials for dental implantology: A comprehensive review.

Chitosan, a versatile biopolymer, has gained recognition in the discipline of dental implantology due to possessing salient properties. This comprehensive review explores the potential of chitosan in dental implants, focusing on its biocompatibility, bioactivity, and the various chitosan-based materials that have been utilized for dental implant therapy. The review also highlights the importance of surface treatment in dental implants to enhance osseointegration and inhibit bacterial biofilm formation.

Exploring the Effect of Cetylpyridinium Chloride Addition on the Antibacterial Activity and Surface Hardness of Resin-Based Dental Composites.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) addition on the antibacterial and surface hardness characteristics of two commercial resin-based dental composites (RBDCs). A total of two hundred and seventy ( = 270) specimens from Filtek Z250 Universal and Filtek Z350 XT flowable RBDCs were fabricated with the addition of CPC at 2 %wt and 4 %wt concentrations to assess their antibacterial activity using the agar diffusion test and direct contact inhibition test, and their surface hardness using the Vickers microhardness test after 1 day, 30 days, and 90 days of aging. A surface morphology analysis of the specimens was performed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM).

Biomimetic Approaches in Clinical Endodontics.

In the last few decades, biomimetic concepts have been widely adopted in various biomedical fields, including clinical dentistry. Endodontics is an important sub-branch of dentistry which deals with the different conditions of pulp to prevent tooth loss. Traditionally, common procedures, namely pulp capping, root canal treatment, apexification, and apexigonesis, have been considered for the treatment of different pulp conditions using selected materials.

Biocatalytic potential of Brassica oleracea L. var. botrytis leaves peroxidase for efficient degradation of textile dyes in aqueous medium.

Dye-contaminated wastewater discharge from textile and dye manufacturing industries is reported as a world worse water polluter due to the toxic and mutagenic behavior of dyes. Peroxidase, one of the key enzymes of oxidoreductases, is widely distributed in nature and has been currently exploited in industries for various applications. Widespread applications of peroxidases are associated with their nonspecific nature towards a wide spectrum of substrates such as phenols, aromatic amines, pesticides, antibiotics, and synthetic dyes.

Evaluating the pH of Various Commercially Available Beverages in Pakistan: Impact of Highly Acidic Beverages on the Surface Hardness and Weight Loss of Human Teeth.

The objectives of this study were to investigate the pH of common beverages and to evaluate the effects of common acidic beverages on the surface hardness and weight loss of human tooth specimens. A total of 106 beverages were conveniently purchased from supermarkets in Karachi, Pakistan. Prior to evaluation, beverages were refrigerated or stored at room temperature in accordance with the manufacturers’ recommendations.

Effect of Nanostructures on the Properties of Glass Ionomer Dental Restoratives/Cements: A Comprehensive Narrative Review.

Overall perspective of nanotechnology and reinforcement of dental biomaterials by nanoparticles has been reported in the literature. However, the literature regarding the reinforcement of dental biomaterials after incorporating various nanostructures is sparse. The present review addresses current developments of glass ionomer cements (GICs) after incorporating various metallic, polymeric, inorganic and carbon-based nanostructures.

Flexural strength of modified and unmodified acrylic denture base material after different processing techniques.

Background: Conventional heat cure polymerized acrylic resin(unmodified) is most acceptable denture base material in dentistry since decades. It has been modified with reinforcement of fillers and different processing techniques were introduced to enhance its mechanical and physical properties. The objective of this research is to determine and compare the effect of different processing techniques on flexural strength of modified and unmodified denture base acrylic resin.

Biomimetic Aspects of Restorative Dentistry Biomaterials.

Biomimetic has emerged as a multi-disciplinary science in several biomedical subjects in recent decades, including biomaterials and dentistry. In restorative dentistry, biomimetic approaches have been applied for a range of applications, such as restoring tooth defects using bioinspired peptides to achieve remineralization, bioactive and biomimetic biomaterials, and tissue engineering for regeneration. Advancements in the modern adhesive restorative materials, understanding of biomaterial-tissue interaction at the nano and microscale further enhanced the restorative materials' properties (such as color, morphology, and strength) to mimic natural teeth.

Production, thermodynamic characterization, and fruit juice quality improvement characteristics of an Exo-polygalacturonase from Penicillium janczewskii.

Exo-polygalacturonase (Exo-PG), an extracellular pectinolytic enzyme with great potential in the food industry, was produced from Penicillium janczewskii under solid-state fermentation using wheat bran as a lignocellulosic substrate. Optimization of various fermentation process variables revealed that a moisture level of 70%, d-mannitol (carbon source), yeast extract (nitrogen source) and ZnSO/NiCl as metal salt inducers generated the maximum yield of Exo-PG. After ammonium sulfate precipitation (70% saturation level), the enzyme was characterized in terms of various kinetic (i.

Recent advances in the production strategies of microbial pectinases-A review.

Pectinases, member of the hydrolases family of enzymes, are one of the important enzymes of the biotechnological sector with 25% share in the global food and beverage enzyme market. They hold a leading position among the commercially produced industrial enzymes. These enzymes are sustainable and environmentally-friendly tool of nature with wide application perspective in many industrial processes, such as, retting and degumming of plant fibers, fermentation of tea and coffee, oil extraction, clarification of fruit juices and wine, valorization of industrial wastes, debasement of cellulosic biomass for biofuel production, wastewater remediation, desizing, scouring and bleaching of fabric, animal feed production, and protoplast fusion technology etc.

Purification, Kinetic, and Thermodynamic Characteristics of an Exo-polygalacturonase from Penicillium notatum with Industrial Perspective.

An extracellular exo-polygalacturonase (exo-PG) produced by Penicillium notatum was purified (3.07-folds) by ammonium sulfate fractionation, ion exchange, and gel filtration chromatography. Two distinct isoforms of the enzyme, namely exo-PGI and exo-PGII, were identified during column purification with molecular weights of 85 and 20 kDa, respectively, on sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE).

Improvement of activity, thermo-stability and fruit juice clarification characteristics of fungal exo-polygalacturonase.

An extracellular exo-polygalacturonase (exo-PG) from Penicillium notatum was immobilized in sodium-alginate matrix through two different protocols, viz. covalent bonding and adsorption to enhance its catalytic activity, thermal stability and life-time properties for industrial applications. Covalent immobilization was more efficient in terms of high relative activity (45.

Microhardness of heat cure acrylic resin after treatment with disinfectants.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of disinfectants and distilled water on the micro-hardness of heat cure acrylic resins.

Methods: The case-control study was conducted at Dr. Ishrat-ul-Ebad Khan Institute of Oral Health Sciences, Dow University of Health Sciences, and Nadirshaw Edulji Dinshaw University of Engineering and Technology, Karachi, from April to October 2011.

Diametral tensile strength of two dental composites when immersed in ethanol, distilled water and artificial saliva.

Objective: To examine the effect of distilled water, artificial saliva and ethanol on the tensile strength of direct tooth-coloured restorative material.

Methods: The study was conducted at Dr. Ishrat ul Ebad Khan Institute of Oral Health Sciences, Dow University of Health Sciences (DUHS), Karachi, from April 2011 to September 2012.

Effect of disinfectants on the colour stability of heat cure acrylic resin.

Background: Contaminated dentures need to be disinfected as a part of denture hygiene regimen. This study was conducted to determine the colour stability of heat cure acrylic resin after treatment with two disinfectants.

Methods: This in-vitro experimental study was conducted at Dr Ishrat-ul- Ebad Khan Institute of Oral Health Sciences, Dow University of Health Sciences and Al Karam Textiles Karachi, from January to April 2012.

Effect of denture cleansers on the color stability of heat cure acrylic resin.

Objective: To compare the color stability of heat cure acrylic resin after immersion in distilled water and denture cleansers.

Study Design: In-vitro experimental study.

Place And Duration Of Study: Dr.