Fundamental drying and agglomeration experiments with bio-fraction and refuse derived fuel for the development of pyrolysis reactor feed.

The EU's circular economy concept necessitates increasing the recycling ratio of municipal solid wastes. There are many existing mechanical-biological processing plants in Hungary for the preparation of residual municipal solid wastes (RMSWs). The two most important products of these plants are the bio-fraction and the refuse derived fuel (RDF).

Assessment of a residual municipal solid waste landfill for prospective 'landfill mining'.

Landfill mining is a prospective tool for the recycling of valuable materials (waste-to-material) and secondary fuel (waste-to-energy) from old, therefore more or less stabilised municipal solid waste landfills. The main target of Horizon 2020 'SMARTGROUND' R&D was improving the availability and accessibility of data and information from both urban landfills and mining dumps through a set of activities to integrate all the data - from existing sources and new information retrieved with time progress - in a single EU database. Concerning urban landfills, a new sampling protocol was designed on the basis of the current Hungarian national municipal solid waste analysis standards, optimised for landfill mining.

Developing the combined magnetic, electric and air flow (KLME) separator for RMSW processing.

The authors are working on the development of a mechanical-physical processing plant to prepare non-selectively collected residual municipal solid waste (RMSW) in the Zalaegerszeg region of Hungary. A key element of this processing plant is the newly developed KLME separator (the name KLME is the Hungarian abbreviation of 'combined magnetic, electric and air flow'). This separator is a combination of three widely applied separators, namely a magnetic separator, an eddy current separator and two types of air flow separators designed without the ordinarily necessary cross connecting belt conveyors and feeders.

Characterization of thermal properties of municipal solid waste landfills.

Municipal waste landfills represent not only a source of landfill gases, but a source of thermal energy as well. The heat in landfills is generated by physical, chemical and microbiological processes. The goal of our study was to characterize the thermal properties of municipal solid waste (MSW) samples of the given landfill.