Dorzolamide intermediates with potential anti-inflammatory activity.

Dorzolamide (DZD), a Carbonic anhydrase (CA) inhibitor clinically used to lower intraocular pressure, exhibits anti-inflammatory effects owing to the drug's ability to inhibit the TIR domain-containing adaptor protein (TIRAP)-mediated signalling in macrophages. Here, we investigated whether DZD intermediates also demonstrate any anti-inflammatory property like DZD but with a reduced inhibition of CA. We found that several intermediates of DZD show increased binding to TIRAP at the common interface of kinases, such as Protein kinase C-delta (PKCδ) and Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK).

Non-Alpine Thyroid Angiosarcoma Presenting with Unique Spinal Metastasis: A Rare Case Report from Pakistan.

Thyroid angiosarcoma is an extraordinarily sparse malignancy, often populating alpine regions. Clinically, thyroid angiosarcomas tend to be nonspecific in presentation, starkly dependent on site, size, extension, and metastases. Tumors are locally aggressive and can present with sudden onset pain due to intra-nodular hemorrhage and compressive symptoms from sudden expansion.

Has the time finally come for green oleochemicals and biodiesel production using large-scale enzyme technologies? Current status and new developments.

With the growth of the chemical industry over the last decade, the need for cheaper (and more environmentally friendly) alternatives to petrochemicals of ever-increasing cost has grown steadily. Oleochemicals and biodiesel (OC/BD) are considered as green alternatives to petroleum derivatives, because they come from renewable oils and fats. OC/BD are currently produced by the traditional energy intensive chemical catalyzed methods, which have several economic and environmental drawbacks.

The self-organized structure of glioma oncostreams and the disruptive role of passive cells.

Oncostreams are self-organized structures formed by spindle-like, elongated, self-propelled cells recently described in glioblastomas and especially in gliosarcomas. Cells within these structures either move as large clusters in one main direction, flocks, or as linear, intermingling collections of cells advancing in opposite directions, streams. Round, passive cells are also observed, either inside or segregated from the oncostreams.

Synergistic role of Mycobacterium indicus pranii and human beta Defensin-2 as adjunctive therapy against Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Host-directed therapies (HDT) via modulation of specific host responses like inflammation can limit mycobacterial infection. HDTs could be included in current TB therapy as an adjunct to increase bacterial clearance and limit tissue damage to control spread. Individually, Mycobacterium indicus pranii (MIP) and human beta defensin-2 (hBD-2) are promising therapies for tuberculosis (TB).

Evaluating the comprehension and accuracy of ChatGPT's responses to diabetes-related questions in Urdu compared to English.

Introduction: Patients with diabetes require healthcare and information that are accurate and extensive. Large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT herald the capacity to provide such exhaustive data. To determine (a) the comprehensiveness of ChatGPT's responses in Urdu to diabetes-related questions and (b) the accuracy of ChatGPT's Urdu responses when compared to its English responses.

Comparative Microstructural Evaluation of Wood in Three Dominant Species of Desert Ecosystem (Cholistan), Pakistan.

The present microstructural evaluation was carried out on the woods of three ethnobotanically important local fruit trees, namely, Lam., Z. (L.

Cell and gene therapy in neuro-oncology.

The majority of primary brain tumors are gliomas, among which glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common malignant brain tumor in adults. GBM has a median survival of 18-24 months, and despite extensive research it remains incurable, thus novel therapies are urgently needed. The current standard of care is a combination of surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy, but still remains ineffective due to the invasive nature and high recurrence of gliomas.

A rare case of symmetrical drug-related intertriginous and flexural erythema with tamoxifen use.

Symmetrical drug-related intertriginous and flexural erythema is characterized by a diffuse symmetric rash of the gluteal and intertriginous areas with only one published report of association with tamoxifen. It is imperative for clinicians to recognize tamoxifen-induced SDRIFE to avoid life-threatening dermatologic complications, which can be resolved with discontinuation of tamoxifen.

The Assessment and Efficiency of Cefixime in Upper Respiratory Tract Infections: Insights and Perspectives.

Upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) are common in patients of the pediatric age group and often lead to significant morbidity and mortality. Antibiotics such as cefixime have contributed to the management of URTIs, particularly when bacterial etiology is suspected. Several studies have evaluated the effectiveness of cefixime in pediatric URTIs, showing promising results in alleviating symptoms and reducing the duration of illness.

A computational study of gene expression patterns in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma using TCGA data.

Head and Neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the second most prevalent cancer in Pakistan. Gene expression data from TCGA and GETx for normal genes to analyze Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs). Data was further investigated using the Enrichr tool to perform Gene Ontology (GO).

A novel case report of benign recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis-associated USP53 genetic mutation in a Pakistani girl.

Benign recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis is an autosomal recessive disorder presenting with intermittent episodes of cholestatic jaundice. The initial episode of benign recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis tends to occur within the first two decades of a patient's life. Episodes can occur unprompted but can often be precipitated by infections or pregnancy.

Interplay among manures, vegetable types, and tetracycline resistance genes in rhizosphere microbiome.

The rapid global emergence of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) is a substantial public health concern. Livestock manure serves as a key reservoir for tetracycline resistance genes (TRGs), serving as a means of their transmission to soil and vegetables upon utilization as a fertilizer, consequently posing a risk to human health. The dynamics and transfer of TRGs among microorganisms in vegetables and fauna are being investigated.

Unlocking the therapeutic potential of Nigella sativa extract: phytochemical analysis and revealing antimicrobial and antioxidant marvels.

The growing global threat of antimicrobial resistance endangers both human and animal life, necessitating the urgent discovery of novel antimicrobial solutions. Medicinal plants hold promise as sources of potential antimicrobial compounds. In this study, we investigated the phytochemical constituents and microbicidal capabilities of the ethanolic extract from Nigella sativa (black seed).

The Management of Intracardiac Thrombus in a COVID-19 Patient Using IV Thrombolytics: A Case Report.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has unveiled numerous clinical challenges, particularly its association with thrombotic events, which significantly contribute to morbidity and mortality. While thrombotic complications such as arterial and venous thromboembolism (VTE) are well-documented, instances of intracardiac thrombus are notably rare. This case report discusses a 60-year-old male with COVID-19 who came to the hospital due to respiratory distress.

A histopathological and epidemiological study of urothelial carcinoma at a tertiary care centre in Peshawar, Pakistan.

Bladder cancer is the ninth leading cause of death worldwide and 14th leading cause of death in Pakistan. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of urothelial carcinoma in various age groups, its gender distribution, and grades. A total of 131 cases of urothelial carcinoma, received at Department of Pathology, Peshawar Medical College, Peshawar, between January 2017 to December 2022, were included in the study; of them 107 (81.

Vitamin C Alleviates the Negative Effects of Heat Stress on Reproductive Processes by Regulating Amino Acid Metabolism in Granulosa Cells.

Heat stress-induced biochemical alterations in ovarian follicles compromise the function of granulosa cells (GCs) and the developmental competence of oocytes. Summer heat stress can have a far-reaching negative impact on overall fertility and reproductive success. Together with the heat stress, the rise of assisted reproductive technologies (ART), potential confounding hazards of in vitro handling and the absence of systemic body support in ART makes it imperative to study the heat stress ameliorative effects of vitamin C under in vitro conditions.

Discovery of novel 1,2,4-triazole tethered β-hydroxy sulfides as bacterial tyrosinase inhibitors: synthesis and biophysical evaluation through and approaches.

In this study, a series of 1,2,4-triazole-tethered β-hydroxy sulfide scaffolds 11a-h was synthesized in good to remarkable yields (69-90%) through the thiolysis of oxiranes by the thiols in aqueous basic catalytic conditions. The synthesized 1,2,4-triazole-tethered β-hydroxy sulfides were screened against bacterial tyrosinase enzyme, and Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial cultures , () & () . Among the synthesized derivatives, the molecules 11a (IC = 7.