Epidemiology and clinical features of short-lasting unilateral neuralgiform headache attacks: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: To synthesize the available epidemiologic data on short-lasting unilateral neuralgiform headache attacks (SUNHA). This, in turn, might inform diagnostic work-up and clinical decision-making.

Methods: EMBASE and PubMed were searched for observational studies reporting on the prevalence or relative frequency of SUNHA or its individual clinical features.

Average steps per day as marker of treatment response with anti-CGRP mAbs in adults with chronic migraine: a pilot study.

Physical activity can worsen migraine, leading to reduced activity levels in adults with chronic migraine. This study investigated the change in average steps per day, as a surrogate marker of physical activity, in adults with chronic migraine successfully treated with monoclonal antibodies against calcitonin gene-related peptide or its receptor. Data were obtained from adults with chronic migraine, who were classified as responders to preventive treatment with monoclonal antibodies.

Hypersensitivity to CGRP as a predictive biomarker of migraine prevention with erenumab.

Background: The present study aimed to investigate the predictive value of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)-induced migraine attacks for effectiveness to erenumab treatment in people with migraine.

Methods: In total, 139 participants with migraine underwent a single experimental day involving a 20-min infusion with CGRP. Following this, the participants entered a 24-week treatment period with erenumab.

Non-vascular ATP-sensitive potassium channel activation does not trigger migraine attacks: A randomized clinical trial.

Objective: To investigate the role of NN414, a selective K channel opener for the Kir6.2/SUR1 channel subtype found in neurons and β-pancreatic cells, in inducing migraine attacks in individuals with migraine without aura.

Methods: Thirteen participants were randomly allocated to receive NN414 and placebo on two days separated by at least one week.

Challenges in the management of new daily persistent headache at a tertiary headache center-A retrospective real-world evidence study.

Objective: In this retrospective cross-sectional real-world evidence study from the Danish Headache Center (DHC), a national tertiary headache center in Denmark, we sought to identify potential pharmacological agents for the treatment of new daily persistent headache (NDPH).

Background: NDPH is an enigmatic headache disorder with abrupt onset and chronic duration for which evidence-based treatments are lacking. NDPH is a diagnosis of exclusion, for which secondary headaches must be ruled out and the etiology remains idiopathic.

Differences in Cortical Morphology in People With and Without Migraine: A Registry for Migraine (REFORM) MRI Study.

Background And Objectives: Structural imaging can offer insights into the cortical morphometry of migraine, which might reflect adaptations to recurring nociceptive messaging. This study compares cortical morphometry between a large sample of people with migraine and healthy controls, as well as across migraine subtypes.

Methods: Adult participants with migraine and age-matched and sex-matched healthy controls attended a single MRI session with magnetization-prepared rapid acquisition gradient echo and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery sequences at 3T.

Clinical features of migraine with aura: a REFORM study.

Background: About one-third of persons with migraine experience transient neurologic symptoms, referred to as aura. Despite its widespread prevalence, comprehensive clinical descriptions of migraine with aura remain sparse. Therefore, we aimed to provide an in-depth phenotypic analysis of aura symptoms and characteristics in a cross-sectional study of a large sample of adults diagnosed with migraine with aura.

Premonitory symptoms in migraine: A REFORM Study.

Background: Estimates of proportions of people with migraine who report premonitory symptoms vary greatly among previous studies. Our aims were to establish the proportion of patients reporting premonitory symptoms and its dependency on the enquiry method. Additionally, we investigated the impact of premonitory symptoms on disease burden using Headache Impact Test (HIT-6), Migraine Disability Assessment (MIDAS) and World Health Organization Disability Assessment 2.

No wearing-off effect of erenumab or fremanezumab for chronic migraine prevention: a single-center, real-world, observational study.

Background: The present study investigates the wearing-off effect in adults with chronic migraine treated with erenumab or fremanezumab.

Methods: This real-world observational study was based on pre-collected headache diaries from chronic migraine patients in treatment with either monthly injections of 140 mg of erenumab or 225 mg of fremanezumab. Consistent wearing-off was defined as an increase of ≥2 weekly migraine days in the last week compared to the second week over two consecutive 4-week treatment periods.

Activation of ATP-sensitive potassium channels triggers migraine attacks independent of calcitonin gene-related peptide receptors: a randomized placebo-controlled trial.

Background: The present study aimed to investigate whether levcromakalim, a K channel opener, induces migraine attacks in people with migraine pre-treated with erenumab, a monoclonal CGRP receptor antibody.

Methods: In this double-blind, placebo-controlled, two-way cross-over study, adults with migraine without aura received a subcutaneous injection of 140 mg of erenumab on day 1. Subsequently, they were randomized to receive a 20-minute infusion of 0.

Induction of cluster headache after opening of adenosine triphosphate-sensitive potassium channels: a randomized clinical trial.

Activation of adenosine triphosphate-sensitive potassium (K ATP ) channels has been implicated in triggering migraine attacks. However, whether the opening of these channels provoke cluster headache attacks remains undetermined. The hallmark of cluster headache is a distinct cyclical pattern of recurrent, severe headache episodes, succeeded by intervals of remission where no symptoms are present.

Epidemiology and clinical features of hypnic headache: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Hypnic headache is a neurological disorder characterized by recurrent headache attacks that occur exclusively during sleep, leading to awakening. Synthesizing the available epidemiological data might inform clinical decision-making.

Methods: We searched PubMed and Embase for observational studies on hypnic headache published between 1 May 2004, and 22 December 2022.

Real-world effectiveness of fremanezumab for the preventive treatment of migraine: Interim analysis of the pan-European, prospective, observational, phase 4 PEARL study.

Background: The ongoing Pan-European Real Life (PEARL) phase 4 study is evaluating fremanezumab effectiveness and safety for the prevention of episodic and chronic migraine. This interim analysis reports primary, secondary and exploratory endpoints from when 500 participants completed at least six months of treatment.

Methods: Adults with episodic migraine or chronic migraine maintaining daily headache diaries were enrolled upon initiation of fremanezumab.

Hypersensitivity to PACAP-38 in post-traumatic headache: a randomized clinical trial.

Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide-38 (PACAP-38), known for its role in migraine pathogenesis, has been identified as a novel drug target. Given the clinical parallels between post-traumatic headache (PTH) and migraine, we explored the possible role of PACAP-38 in the pathogenesis of PTH. To this end, we conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, two-way crossover trial involving adult participants diagnosed with persistent PTH resulting from mild traumatic brain injury.

An exploratory analysis of clinical and sociodemographic factors in CGRP-induced migraine attacks: A REFORM study.

Objective: To investigate whether clinical and sociodemographic factors are associated with calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) induced migraine attacks.

Methods: A total of 139 participants with migraine received a 20-minute intravenous infusion of CGRP (1.5 µg/min) on a single experiment day.

European Headache Federation (EHF) critical reappraisal and meta-analysis of oral drugs in migraine prevention - part 3: topiramate.

Objective: Topiramate is a repurposed first-line treatment for migraine prophylaxis. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to critically re-appraise the existing evidence supporting the efficacy and tolerability of topiramate.

Methods: A systematic search in MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane CENTRAL, and ClinicalTrials.

Menstrual migraine is caused by estrogen withdrawal: revisiting the evidence.

Objective: To explore and critically appraise the evidence supporting the role of estrogen withdrawal in menstrual migraine.

Main Body: Menstrual migraine, impacting about 6% of reproductive-age women, manifests as migraine attacks closely related to the menstrual cycle. The estrogen withdrawal hypothesis posits that the premenstrual drop in estrogen levels serves as a trigger of migraine attacks.

Migraine in older adults.

Migraine is an evolving, and sometimes lifelong disorder. The prevalence of episodic migraine peaks among individuals aged in their late 30s, implying a tendency for the disorder to remit with increasing age thereafter, whereas chronic migraine is more likely to persist into later life. Diagnosis and treatment of migraine in older adults, defined as individuals aged 60 years or older, is rendered more complex by increasing probabilities of atypical clinical features and comorbidities, with patients' comorbidities sometimes limiting their therapeutic options.

Calcitonin gene-related peptide causes migraine aura.

Background: Although the involvement of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in migraines is well-established, its specific role in investigating the aura phase, which often precedes the headache, remains largely unexplored. This study aims to instigate CGRP's potential in triggering aura, thus establishing its role in the early stages of migraine.

Methods: In this open-label, non-randomized, single-arm trial, 34 participants with migraine with aura received continuous intravenous infusion of CGRP (1.

Real-world efficacy and tolerability of fremanezumab in adults with chronic migraine: a 3-month, single-center, prospective, observational study.

Background: Following the promising pre-marketing placebo-controlled randomized clinical trials of fremanezumab, post-marketing studies are necessary to verify efficacy and tolerability in various real-world settings. The present study assessed real-world efficacy and safety of fremanezumab.

Methods: A 3-month, single-center, prospective, observation study of adults with chronic migraine who were treated with monthly subcutaneous injections of 225 mg fremanezumab in Denmark.

Improved Osteoarthritis during Erenumab Treatment for Migraine: A Case Report.

Antibodies blocking the calcitonin gene-related peptide have revolutionized episodic and chronic migraine treatment. However, their applicability to non-cephalic pain conditions, such as osteoarthritis, is yet unknown. Osteoarthritis remains a clinical challenge, associated with high disability and limited treatment options.

The vascular role of CGRP: a systematic review of human studies.

Intravenous infusion of human alpha calcitonin gene-related peptide (h-α-CGRP) has been applied to explore migraine pathogenesis and cerebral hemodynamics during the past three decades. Cumulative data implicate h-α-CGRP in regulating the vascular tone. In this systematic review, we searched PubMed and EMBASE for clinical studies investigating the vascular changes upon intravenous infusion of h-α-CGRP in humans.

Neck pain and headache: Pathophysiology, treatments and future directions.

Introduction: Neck pain is a prevalent neurologic and musculoskeletal complaint in the general population and is often associated with primary headache disorders such as migraine and tension-type headache (TTH). A considerable proportion, ranging from 73% to 90%, of people with migraine or TTH also experience neck pain, and there is a positive correlation between headache frequency and neck pain. Furthermore, neck pain has been identified as a risk factor for migraine and TTH.