Effects of kaempherol-3-rhamnoside on metabolic enzymes and AMPK in the liver tissue of STZ-induced diabetes in mice.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by persistent hyperglycemia. It involves disturbances in carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism due to defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. Novel therapeutic approaches are continuously being explored to enhance metabolic control and prevent complications associated with the disease.

Hexaconazole exposure may lead to Parkinson via disrupting glucocerebrosidase and parkin: molecular interaction, dynamics, MMPBSA and DFT based -silico predictive toxicology.

Hexaconazole is a known fungicide for agricultural purposes. It has bioaccumulation ability which makes it important for its toxicological characterization. There are various neurological impacts of pollutants on human health.

Preparation of novel S-allyl cysteine chitosan based nanoparticles for use in ischemic brain treatment.

: To enhance the brain bioavailability of -allyl-l-cysteine (SC) by developing novel -allyl-l-cysteine chitosan nanoparticles (SC CS NPs) and examining the quantity of SC by developing a novel method of ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) in ischemic rat brain treatment. : The ionotropic gelation method was used to develop -allyl cysteine-loaded CS NPs. The 4-factor, 5-level central composite design was optimized to determine the effect of independent variables, , particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential, EE, and loading capacity, together with their characterization, followed by drug release and intranasal permeation to enhance the brain bioavailability and examination of their neurobehavioral and biochemical parameters with their histopathological examination.

Effects of Tiliroside and Lisuride Co-Treatment on the PI3K/Akt Signal Pathway: Modulating Neuroinflammation and Apoptosis in Parkinson's Disease.

Researchers are actively exploring potential bioactive compounds to enhance the effectiveness of Lisuride (Lis) in treating Parkinson's disease (PD) over the long term, aiming to mitigate the serious side effects associated with its extended use. A recent study found that combining the dietary flavonoid Tiliroside (Til) with Lis has potential anti-Parkinson's benefits. The study showed significant improvements in PD symptoms induced by 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) when Til and Lis were given together, based on various behavioral tests.

Gallic-Acid-Loaded PLGA Nanoparticles: A Promising Transdermal Drug Delivery System with Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Agents.

The objective of this study was to develop an innovative gallic-acid (GA) drug delivery system that could be administered transdermally, resulting in enhanced therapeutic benefits and minimal negative consequences. The method employed involved the preparation of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles loaded with GA through nanoprecipitation-denoted GA@PLGANPs. The results reveal that this strategy led to perfectly spherical, homogeneous, and negatively charged particles, which are suitable for administration via skin patches or ointments.

Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of Berberine and Tocopherol in Managing Diabetic Neuropathy: A Comprehensive Approach towards Alleviating Chronic Neuropathic Pain.

Diabetic neuropathy (DN) causes sensory dysfunction, such as numbness, tingling, or burning sensations. Traditional medication may not ease pain and discomfort, but natural remedies such as Berberine (BR) and vitamin E or Tocopherol (TOC) have therapeutic potential to reduce inflammation while improving nerve function. Novel substances offer a more potent alternative method for managing severe chronic neuropathic pain that does not react to standard drug therapy by targeting various pathways that regulate it.

Effects of Taraxerol on Oxidative and Inflammatory Mediators in Isoproterenol-Induced Cardiotoxicity in an Animal Model.

Myocardial infarction (MI) continues to be an important issue in healthcare systems worldwide, leading to high rates of morbidity and mortality. Despite ongoing efforts towards the development of preventive measures and treatments, addressing the challenges posed by MI remains difficult both in developed and developing countries. However, researchers recently investigated the potential cardioprotective effects of taraxerol utilizing an isoproterenol (ISO)-induced cardiotoxicity model among Sprague Dawley rats.

Comparing oxygen demand in critical covid-19 patients using single versus double doses of tocilizumab.

Objectives: To compare the outcomes of single versus double doses of tocilizumab in patients with severe COVID-19, especially on different types of oxygenation requirements.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out from January 2020 to March 2020. Patients diagnosed with COVID-19, who received at least one dose of tocilizumab, were included.

Chlorogenic Acid Restores Ovarian Functions in Mice with Letrozole-Induced Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Via Modulation of Adiponectin Receptor.

Around the world, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrine-metabolic condition that typically affects 6-20% of females. Our study's major goal was to examine how chlorogenic acid (CGA) affected mice with endocrine and metabolic problems brought on by letrozole-induced PCOS. Group I served as the control for 81 days; Group II was given Letrozole (LETZ) orally at a dose of 6 mg/kg bw for 21 days to induce PCOS; Group III was given LETZ (6 mg/kg) for 21 days, followed by treatment with CGA (50 mg/kg bw daily) for 60 days.

Caraway Nanoemulsion Gel: A Potential Antibacterial Treatment against and .

Novel antibiotics are needed due to the rise of antibiotic-resistant pathogens. Traditional antibiotics are ineffective due to antibiotic-resistant microorganisms, and finding alternative therapies is expensive. Hence, plant-derived caraway (Carum carvi) essential oils and antibacterial compounds have been selected as alternatives.

Phospholipid-Based Topical Nano-Hydrogel of Mangiferin: Enhanced Topical Delivery and Improved Dermatokinetics.

Mangiferin is a herbal drug that has proven anticancer potential. Owing to its lower aqueous solubility and poor oral bioavailability, the full pharmacological potential of this bioactive drug has not fully been explored. In the present study, phospholipid-based microemulsion systems were developed to bypass oral delivery.

The Cardioprotective Effect of Corosolic Acid in the Diabetic Rats: A Possible Mechanism of the PPAR-γ Pathway.

The study was conducted to determine whether corosolic acid could protect the myocardium of diabetic rats from damage caused by isoproterenol (ISO) and, if so, how peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) activation might contribute into this protection. Diabetes in the rats was induced by streptozotocin (STZ), and it was divided into four groups: the diabetic control group, diabetic rats treated with corosolic acid, diabetic rats treated with GW9662, and diabetic rats treated with corosolic acid plus GW9662. The study was carried out for 28 days.

Zerumbone Protects Rats from Collagen-Induced Arthritis by Inhibiting Oxidative Outbursts and Inflammatory Cytokine Levels.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an immunocompromised disorder characterized by a marked increase in the synthesis of inflammatory molecules that stimulates the destruction of bones and cartilage. The conventional treatment modalities for RA are associated with adverse side effects and lack sensitivity, suggesting an immediate demand for alternate beneficial therapeutic remedies. The current study sought to understand more about zerumbone's anti-inflammatory properties in diagnosing collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in experimental animals.

Protective Effect of -Carotene against Myeloperoxidase- Mediated Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Rat Ischemic Brain Injury.

Oxidative stress and inflammatory reaction play critical roles in ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in the brain. β-carotene (βCAR) is a naturally occurring pigment present in fruits and vegetables that expresses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. This study was conducted to investigate the involvement of Bcl2/Bax and NF-κB signaling pathways in the potential protective role of βCAR against brain injury in a middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) rat model.

Global Prevalence and Associated Clinical Markers of Thrombocytopenia in People Living with HIV: Evidence from Meta-Analysis.

Thrombocytopenia is one of the complications in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients. To improve the health outcomes of patients living with HIV, it is important to understand the prevalence and pattern of associated key clinical markers globally. This meta-analysis, therefore, aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence of and associated clinical marker of thrombocytopenia globally.

Dostarlimab an Inhibitor of PD-1/PD-L1: A New Paradigm for the Treatment of Cancer.

Immunomodulation checkpoints usually adopted by healthy cells by tumors might cause an imbalance between host surveillance and tumor progression. Several tumors are incredibly resistant to standard treatment. The dynamic and long-lasting tumor regressions caused by antibodies targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint have suggested a rebalancing of the host-tumor relationship.

Exploring the efficacy and contribution of Dupilumab in asthma management.

IgG4 monoclonal antibody Dupilumab binds to the alpha chain (IL4R) of both types of the ligand-binding domains (IL4R/ IL13R1; equally IL4 and IL13 specific) of the IL-4 receptor. The current focus on precision medicine techniques to blocking pathways implicated in allergy disorders is crucial to the development of Dupilumab and broadening its therapeutic uses. Our review describes how the IL-4R complexes signaling pathway works, explores the probable mechanisms of Dupilumab activity and addresses its clinical usefulness and safety in asthma.

Simultaneous Determination of Caffeine and Paracetamol in Commercial Formulations Using Greener Normal-Phase and Reversed-Phase HPTLC Methods: A Contrast of Validation Parameters.

There has been no assessment of the greenness of the described analytical techniques for the simultaneous determination (SMD) of caffeine and paracetamol. As a result, in comparison to the greener normal-phase high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) technique, this research was conducted to develop a rapid, sensitive, and greener reversed-phase HPTLC approach for the SMD of caffeine and paracetamol in commercial formulations. The greenness of both techniques was calculated using the AGREE method.

Formulation of Genistein-HP β Cyclodextrin-Poloxamer 188 Ternary Inclusion Complex: Solubility to Cytotoxicity Assessment.

The current study was designed to prepare the inclusion complex Genistein (GS) using Hydroxypropyl β cyclodextrin (HP β CD) and poloxamer 188 (PL 188). The binary inclusion complex (GS BC) and ternary inclusion complex (GS TC) were developed by microwave irradiation technique and evaluated for a comparative dissolution study. Further, the samples were assessed for FTIR, DSC, XRD, and NMR for the confirmation of complex formation.

Determination of Chemical Composition, In Vitro and In Silico Evaluation of Essential Oil from Leaves of Grown in Saudi Arabia.

The aim of this study was to explore the composition and evaluate the in silico and in vitro antioxidants and antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects of var. dulce leaves essential oil (AGO) collected from Al-Kharj (Saudi Arabia). AGO was isolated using the hydro-distillation method, and its composition was studied using gas-chromatography-mass Spectrometry (GC-MS), antimicrobial activities using well diffusion assay, and antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities using spectrophotometric methods.

Attenuation of rotenone toxicity in SY5Y cells by taurine and N-acetyl cysteine alone or in combination.

There is accumulating evidence that supports the involvement of reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammation in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. Thus, it is plausible that a multi-targeted therapeutic approach may be a more effective strategy to retard or even potentially halt the progression of the disease. Taurine is an organic acid that has a role in the regulation of oxidative stress and promoting mitochondrial normal functions, and N-Acetyl cysteine (NAC) is a well-known anti-oxidant and glutathione precursor.