Impact of Spinal Anesthesia Dosage in Elective Cesarean Section on the Duration of Stay in Post-Anesthesia Care Unit at the Women's Health Hospital, National Guard Health Affairs.

In the field of obstetrics, cesarean sections have now become the most prominent procedure for the delivery of newborns. Cesarean sections may be handled with a variety of different anesthetic approaches, of which most focus seems to be on that of spinal forms, due to their rapid and effective action. Dosages of spinal anesthesia formulations differ depending on multiple variables, such as depth of anesthesia, level of analgesia, and desired duration of effects.

Role of Autophagy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: The Metabolic Clash.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is developed due to the development of insulin resistance (IR) and pancreatic β cell dysfunction with subsequent hyperglycaemia. Hyperglycaemia-induced oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress enhances inflammatory disorders, leading to further pancreatic β cell dysfunction. These changes trigger autophagy activation, which recycles cytoplasmic components and injured organelles.

Nurses' attitudes towards safety and their association with nurses' perceptions of adverse events and quality of care: a cross-sectional study.

Aims: To explore nurses' attitudes towards safety and their association with nurses' perceptions of adverse events and quality of care in Saudi Arabian hospitals.

Design: A cross-sectional study using a web-based survey.

Methods: A web-based survey was administered to nurses working in five hospitals in Saudi Arabia.

An optimized dynamic attribute-based searchable encryption scheme.

Cloud computing liberates enterprises and organizations from expensive data centers and complex IT infrastructures by offering the on-demand availability of vast storage and computing power over the internet. Among the many service models in practice, the public cloud for its operation cost saving, flexibility, and better customer support popularity in individuals and organizations. Nonetheless, this shift in the trusted domain from the concerned users to the third-party service providers pops up many privacy and security concerns.

Early Congenital Syphilis Presenting With Severe Congenital Pneumonia and Cutaneous Manifestations in a Neonate at Birth: A Case Report.

Transplacental transmission of spirochetes from an infected mother to the fetus during pregnancy results in the infectious condition known as congenital syphilis (CS). Once a forgotten disease, CS has now re-emerged. We report the clinical case of an early CS in a neonate girl presented with severe congenital pneumonia (pneumonia alba) requiring intubation, along with skin lesions that were visible from birth on the palms and soles of the feet.

Gene Mutations Associated With Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) Among Saudi CLL Patients and Treatment Outcomes: A Single-Center Experience.

Background Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) starts in white blood cells in the peripheral blood (stages 0 and 1). In CLL, leukemia cells often build up slowly. Many gene mutations are associated with CLL, such as trisomy 12, 13q14 deletion, and 17q deletion.

Healthcare Providers' knowledge, attitudes and practice in relation to drug hypersensitivity reactions at King Abdulaziz Medical City in Riyadh.

Background: Drug hypersensitivity reactions (DHRs) are immune-mediated responses triggered by exposure to a drug. DHRs are responsible for serious adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and are considered the fifth leading cause of death. This study aims to assess and evaluate the knowledge, practice, and attitudes of healthcare providers (HCPs) towards DHRs.

Real-world analysis of integration of sacubitril/valsartan into clinical practice in Saudi Arabia.

Despite the demonstrated advantages of angiotensin receptor/neprilysin inhibitors in the management of heart failure, the pivotal Angiotensin-Neprilysin Inhibition versus Enalapril in Heart Failure (PARADIGM-HF) trial, which explored this class of medications, did not include individuals from Saudi Arabia. Recognizing that different nations and ethnic groups may exhibit unique characteristics, this study aimed to compare the demographics and outcomes of patients in Saudi Arabia who received sacubitril/valsartan (Sac/Val) with those enrolled in the PARADIGM-HF trial. In this retrospective, multicenter cohort study, we included all adult patients diagnosed with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) within a tertiary healthcare system in Saudi Arabia between January 2018 and December 2021 and were initiated on Sac/Val.

Exploring the impact of a multilevel intervention focused on reducing the practices of seclusion and restraint in acute mental health units in an Australian mental health service.

Reducing and eliminating seclusion and restraint in inpatient settings has been a key area of focus in mental health policy and research for many years. To address this issue, numerous programmes aimed at minimising the use of these practices have been developed over the past two decades, with varying degrees of success. This article reports on research focused on the implementation of a localised, multilevel complex intervention that targeted both organisational and individual factors related to the use of seclusion and restraint.

Evaluation of patient satisfaction about the use of regional anesthesia for cesarean section in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Background And Aim: Regional anesthesia for cesarean delivery has become a popular choice due to with its immediate effect and high frequency of effective blockage. However, patient satisfaction is a critical indicator of anesthetic care quality. This research aimed to determine the mothers' satisfaction levels after they had an elective or emergency cesarean section under regional anesthesia.

Primary Hypothyroidism and Alzheimer's Disease: A Tale of Two.

Hypothyroidism (HPT) HPT could be a risk factor for the development and progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). In addition, progressive neurodegeneration in AD may affect the metabolism of thyroid hormones (THs) in the brain causing local brain HPT. Hence, the present review aimed to clarify the potential association between HPT and AD.

Healthcare-associated infections in adult intensive care units: A multisource study examining nurses' safety attitudes, quality of care, missed care, and nurse staffing.

Objectives: This study examined the association between safety attitudes, quality of care, missed care, nurse staffing levels, and the rate of healthcare-associated infection (HAI) in adult intensive care units (ICUs).

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in five hospitals. Nurses completed a validated survey on safety attitudes, quality of care, missed care, nurse staffing levels, and the frequency of HAIs.

The impact of safety culture, quality of care, missed care and nurse staffing on patient falls: A multisource association study.

Aims: To examine the association between nursing unit safety culture, quality of care, missed care and nurse staffing levels, and inpatient falls using two data sources: incidence of falls and nurses' perceptions of fall frequency in their units. The study explores the association between the two sources of patient falls and identifies if nurses' perceptions of patient fall frequency reflect the actual patient falls recorded in the incident management system.

Background: Inpatient falls are associated with severe complications that result in extended hospitalisation and increased financial consequences for patients and healthcare services.

Literature review on the efficacy of near-infrared device in improving peripheral venous access time and number of attempts in pediatric patients.

Introduction: The process of peripheral venous access (PVA) in children can be challenging for the patient and the clinician, as failed attempts often exceed the recommended two insertions, which can be painful. To speed up the process and increase success, near-infrared device (NIR) device technology has been introduced. This literature review aimed to investigate and critically evaluate the impact of NIR devices on the number of attempts and the time of the catheterization procedure in pediatric patients from 2015 to 2022.

Effects of neprilysin and neprilysin inhibitors on glucose homeostasis: Controversial points and a promising arena.

Neprilysin (NEP) is a transmembrane zinc-dependent metalloproteinase that inactivates various peptide hormones including glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1). NEP inhibitors may be effective in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) by increasing the circulating level of GLP-1. However, acute-effect NEP inhibitors may lead to detrimental effects by increasing blood glucose independent of GLP-1.

Safety culture, quality of care, missed care, nurse staffing and their impact on pressure injuries: A cross-sectional multi-source study.

Background: Safety culture is known to influence patient outcomes, but the relationship between nursing units' safety cultures and the development of pressure injuries in acute care hospitals is unclear. Pressure injuries are a nursing-sensitive patient outcome and are widely considered preventable.

Objective: To examine the impact of unit safety culture, nursing unit characteristics, and missed care on pressure injury rates in Saudi Arabian hospitals.

A Cross-Sectional Study to Assess mRNA-COVID-19 Vaccine Safety among Indian Children (5-17 Years) Living in Saudi Arabia.

The objective of this study is to assess the frequency and severity of adverse events following immunization (AEFI) in Indian children aged 5-17 years who received the Pfizer-BioNTech mRNA COVID-19 vaccine, as well as to investigate for predictors of AEFI. To examine AEFI following the first and second doses of Pfizer's vaccine, semi-structured questionnaires were distributed as Google forms at Indian schools in Saudi Arabia. The 385 responses included 48.

Chemical versus Mechanical and Chemical Venous Thromboembolism Prophylaxis in Neurocritically Ill Patients: A Cohort Study.

Purpose: Patients admitted with neurocritical illness are presumed to be at high risk for venous thromboembolism (VTE). The administration of chemical and/or mechanical VTE prophylaxis is a common practice in critically ill patients. Recent data did not show a significant difference in the incidence of VTE between chemical compared to a combined chemical and mechanical VTE prophylaxis in critically ill patients with limited data in neurocritically ill population.

Postpartum Depression Prevalence and Associated Factors: An Observational Study in Saudi Arabia.

: Postpartum depression (PPD) is a psychological disorder in women who recently gave birth. It can present as mild to severe depression. Multiple studies across the globe have used the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale to reveal the factors that affect the prevalence of PPD.

Knowledge and Perception of e-Cigarettes among Dental Students in Riyadh Region Saudi Arabia.

Background: Tobacco use is one of the leading causes of death in the world. Dentists play a vital role in tobacco abstinence and counseling. Dental institution being a foundation for a clinical practice from where they can practice and implement the habit of tobacco counseling.

Systematic review: Nurses' safety attitudes and their impact on patient outcomes in acute-care hospitals.

Aims: The aim of this review was to synthesize the best available evidence on the impact of nurses' safety attitudes on patient outcomes in acute-care hospitals.

Design: Systematic review with a narrative synthesis of the available data.

Data Sources: Data sources included MEDLINE, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Scopus and Web of Science Core Collection.

Clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with heart failure admitted to the intensive care unit with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): A multicenter cohort study.

Background: Patients with underlying heart failure (HF) in the setting of COVID-19 who require admission to the intensive care unit (ICU) might present with a unique set of challenges. This study aims to extensively describe the characteristics and outcomes of patients with HF who were admitted to ICU with COVID-19.

Methods: We conducted a multicenter retrospective analysis for all adult patients with HF and an objectively confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 who were admitted to ICUs between March 1 and August 31, 2020, in Saudi Arabia.

How Does The AJCC/TNM Staging System Eighth Edition Perform in Thyroid Cancer at A Major Middle Eastern Medical Center?

Objective: The American Joint Committee on Cancer tumor node metastasis (TNM) staging system eighth edition (TNM-8) for differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) has been introduced as a replacement for tumor node metastasis staging system seventh edition (TNM-7). We present the first study from a Middle Eastern population comparing these 2 versions of the TNM staging system.

Methods: We compared TNM-8 with TNM-7 in 701 patients with DTC seen during a 3-year period with a median age of 37 years (6-83) and a female-to-male ratio of 558 (79.

Clinical outcomes of maternal and neonate with COVID-19 infection - Multicenter study in Saudi Arabia.

Background: To this end, the influence of COVID-19 on pregnant women and their neonates is not completely clear. Therefore, the main aim of this study is to investigate maternal and neonatal clinical outcomes with confirmed COVID-19 infection. Besides, it investigates the likelihood of vertical transmission of COVID-19 infection from pregnant women to their neonates.