Microbial Adhesion and Biofilm Formation on Bioactive Surfaces of Ti-35Nb-7Zr-5Ta Alloy Created by Anodization.

This study evaluated the microbial colonization (adhesion and biofilm) on modified surfaces of a titanium alloy, Ti-35Nb-7Zr-5Ta, anodized with Ca and P or F ions, with and without silver deposition. The chemical composition, surface topography, roughness (Ra), and surface free energy were evaluated before and after the surface modifications (anodizing). Adhesion and biofilm formation on saliva-coated discs by primary colonizing species (, , ) and a periodontal pathogen () were assessed.

Surface properties of a new lithium disilicate glass-ceramic after grinding.

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of grinding on some surface properties of two lithium disilicate-based glass-ceramics, one experimental new product denominated LaMaV Press (UFSCar-Brazil) and another commercial known as IPS e-max Press (Ivoclar), in the context of simulated clinical adjustment. Discs (N = 24, 12 mm in diameter) were separated into four groups: LaMaV Press with no grinding (E), LaMaV Press after grinding (EG), IPS e-max Press with no grinding (C), and IPS e-max Press after grinding (CG). A 0.

Comparison of Ti-35Nb-7Zr-5Ta and Ti-6Al-4V hydrofluoric acid/magnesium-doped surfaces obtained by anodizing.

Objectives: Development of a new generation of stable β alloy, free of aluminum or vanadium and with better biological and mechanical compatibility and evaluate the surface properties of Ti-6Al-4V and Ti-35Nb-7Zr-5Ta after anodization in hydrofluoric acid, followed by deposition of different electrolyte concentrations of magnesium particles by micro arc-oxidation treatment.

Methods: Disks were anodized in hydrofluoric acid. After this first anodization, the specimens received the deposition of magnesium using different concentration (8.

Axillary vein access for permanent pacemaker and implantable cardioverter defibrillator implantation: Fluoroscopy compared to ultrasound.

Background: Axillary vein access (AVA) using fluoroscopic landmarks is an effective and safe approach for cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) implantation. However, it may result in a higher radiation exposure. Ultrasound-guided axillary access (USAA) is an effective alternative technique to conventional subclavian access for CIEDs implantation.

Does Diamond Stone Grinding Change the Surface Characteristics and Flexural Strength of Monolithic Zirconia?

Purpose: The present study evaluated the effect of grinding on the surface morphology, mean roughness, crystalline phase, flexural strength, and Weibull modulus of monolithic (MZ) and conventional (CZ) zirconias.

Methods And Materials: CZ and MZ bars and square-shaped specimens were distributed into three subgroups, combining grinding (G) and irrigation (W) with distilled water: Ctrl (Control: no grinding, 20 × 4 × 1.2 mm and 12 × 1.

Task-appropriate input supports word-object association in 14-month-old female infants.

Fourteen-month-old infants are unable to link minimal pair nonsense words with novel objects (Stager & Werker, 1997). Might an adult's productions in a word learning context support minimal pair word-object association in these infants? We recorded a mother interacting with her 24-month-old son, and with her 5-month-old son, producing nonsense words bin and din. We used these productions to determine if they had a differential effect on 14-month-old infants' word-object association abilities.

The Use of Pitch Accent in Word-Object Association by Monolingual Japanese Infants.

This study investigated the lexical use of Japanese pitch accent in Japanese-learning infants. A word-object association task revealed that 18-month-old infants succeeded in learning the associations between two nonsense objects paired with two nonsense words minimally distinguished by pitch pattern (Experiment 1). In contrast, 14-month-old infants failed (Experiment 2).

Mechanical and Surface Properties of Monolithic Zirconia.

Purpose: This study compared monolithic zirconia with conventional ones based on mean roughness (Ra), Vickers hardness (VHN), topography, transmittance, grain size, flexural strength (FS), Weibull modulus, and fractographic behavior.

Methods And Materials: One monolithic (Prettau Zircon [PR group]) and two conventional (ICE Zirkon Transluzent [IZ group] and BloomZir [BL group]) zirconias were used. Specimens were tested using a profilometer, a microhardness tester, a scanning electron microscope, a spectrophotometer, and a Universal Testing Machine (EMIC DL 2000).

Development of binary and ternary titanium alloys for dental implants.

Objective: The aim of this study was to develop binary and ternary titanium (Ti) alloys containing zirconium (Zr) and niobium (Nb) and to characterize them in terms of microstructural, mechanical, chemical, electrochemical, and biological properties.

Methods: The experimental alloys - (in wt%) Ti-5Zr, Ti-10Zr, Ti-35Nb-5Zr, and Ti-35Nb-10Zr - were fabricated from pure metals. Commercially pure titanium (cpTi) and Ti-6Al-4V were used as controls.

Y-TZP zirconia regeneration firing: Microstructural and crystallographic changes after grinding.

This study evaluated microstructural and crystallographic phase changes after grinding (G) and regeneration firing/anneling (R) of Y-TZP ceramics. Thirty five bars (Lava and Ice Zirkon) were divided: Y-TZP pre-sintered, control (C), regeneration firing (R), dry grinding (DG), dry grinding+regeneration firing (DGR), wet grinding (WG) and wet grinding+regeneration firing (WGR). Grinding was conducted using a diamond bur and annealing at 1,000°C.

Characterization of a Diamond Ground Y-TZP and Reversion of the Tetragonal to Monoclinic Transformation.

Purpose: To characterize the surface of an yttria-stabilized zirconia (Y-TZP) ceramic after diamond grinding in terms of its crystalline phase, morphology, mean roughness (Ra), and wettability as well as to determine a thermal treatment to reverse the resulting tetragonal to monoclinic (t-m) transformation.

Methods And Materials: Y-TZP specimens were distributed into different groups according to the actions (or no action) of grinding and irrigation. Grinding was accomplished using a diamond stone at a low speed.

The Role of Auditory and Visual Speech in Word Learning at 18 Months and in Adulthood.

Visual information influences speech perception in both infants and adults. It is still unknown whether lexical representations are multisensory. To address this question, we exposed 18-month-old infants (n = 32) and adults (n = 32) to new word-object pairings: Participants either heard the acoustic form of the words or saw the talking face in silence.

Zirconia changes after grinding and regeneration firing.

Statement Of Problem: Despite improvements in computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) systems, grinding during either laboratory procedures or clinical adjustments is often needed to modify the shape of 3 mol(%) yttria-tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (3Y-TZP) restorations. However, the best way to achieve adjustment is unclear.

Purpose: The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the microstructural and crystallographic phase changes, flexural strength, and Weibull modulus of a 3Y-TZP zirconia after grinding with or without water cooling and regeneration firing.

Effects of whitening dentifrice on yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal surfaces after simulating brushing.

Statement Of Problem: The changes that occur after brushing yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (Y-TZP) are unknown. These changes may favor the retention of microorganisms and chemisorption of water, impairing its longevity.

Objective: The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effects of a whitening dentifrice on Y-TZP surfaces after simulating 10 years of brushing.

Surface properties of Ti-35Nb-7Zr-5Ta: Effects of long-term immersion in artificial saliva and fluoride solution.

Statement Of Problem: The mechanical properties of new titanium alloys with an elastic modulus closest to cortical bone have been studied. However, potentially damaging conditions experienced in the oral cavity, such as fluoride ions, can initiate a localized or crevice process of corrosive degradation in the alloy surfaces.

Purpose: The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effects of long-term immersion in artificial saliva or in fluoride solution on mean roughness (Ra), Vickers hardness, and topography of the new titanium alloy Ti-35Nb-7Zr-5Ta (TNZT) compared with those of cp Ti and Ti-6Al-4V (TAV).

A castor oil-containing dental luting agent: effects of cyclic loading and storage time on flexural strength.

Favorable results in the use of castor oil polyurethane (COP) as pulp capping, membrane material, sealer, mouthwash and in bone repair, associated with the fact that Ricinus communis is not derived from petroleum and it is abundant in Brazil, encourage researches in the development of luting agents. Objectives This study compared the flexural strength (FS) of a castor oil-containing dental luting agent with a weight percentage of 10% (wt%) of calcium carbonate (COP10) with RelyX ARC (RX) after mechanical cycling (MC) and distilled water storage. Material and Methods Sixty-four specimens (25x2x2 mm) were fabricated and divided into two groups, COP10 and RX (control).

Infants track word forms in early word-object associations.

A central component of language development is word learning. One characterization of this process is that language learners discover objects and then look for word forms to associate with these objects (Mcnamara, 1984; Smith, 2000). Another possibility is that word forms themselves are also important, such that once learned, hearing a familiar word form will lead young word learners to look for an object to associate with it (Juscyzk, 1997).

In vitro comparisons of casting retention on implant abutments among commercially available and experimental castor oil-containing dental luting agents.

Statement Of Problem: Although cement-retained implant prostheses are widely used, the quantification of optimal retention remains controversial, and new dental luting agents should be evaluated.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare, in vitro, the casting retention on implant abutments after cementation with 3 commercially available luting agents and an experimental luting agent (castor oil polyurethane, COP) with variable weight percentages (wt%) of calcium carbonate (CaCO3).

Material And Methods: Seventy-two palladium-silver cast copings were fabricated and divided into 6 groups: Temp Bond interim cement (TB); zinc phosphate cement (ZP); Rely X ARC resin cement (RX); pure COP (COP); COP + 10% wt% CaCO3 filler (COP 10); and COP + 50% wt% CaCO3 filler (COP 50).

Streptococcus mutans adhesion to titanium after brushing with fluoride and fluoride-free toothpaste simulating 10 years of use.

Purpose: To assess the influence of fluoride on the adhesion of Streptococcus mutans to titanium using an experimental paradigm simulating 10 years of brushing.

Materials And Methods: Commercially pure titanium (cpTi) and titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) disks (6 mm in diameter and 4 mm thick) were mirror-polished and randomly assigned to one of the following six groups (n = 6): immersion (I) or brushing (B) in deionized water (groups IW [control] and BW), fluoride-free toothpaste (groups IT and BT), or fluoridated toothpaste (groups IFT and BFT). Specimens subjected to immersion were statically submerged into the solutions without brushing.

Ricinus communis treatment of denture stomatitis in institutionalised elderly.

This study compared the effectiveness of Ricinus communis (RC) with Nystatin (NYS) and Miconazole (MIC) in the treatment of institutionalised elderly with denture stomatitis (DS). They (n = 30) were randomly distributed into three groups: MIC, NYS or RC. Clinical and mycological evaluations were performed prior to the use of the antifungal (baseline) and repeated after 15 and 30 days of treatment.

Diametral tensile strength and film thickness of an experimental dental luting agent derived from castor oil.

Unlabelled: The need to develop new dental luting agents in order to improve the success of treatments has greatly motivated research.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the diametral tensile strength (DTS) and film thickness (FT) of an experimental dental luting agent derived from castor oil (COP) with or without addition of different quantities of filler (calcium carbonate - CaCO3).

Material And Methods: Eighty specimens were manufactured (DTS N=40; FT N=40) and divided into 4 groups: Pure COP; COP 10%; COP 50% and zinc phosphate (control).

Perceptual narrowing of linguistic sign occurs in the 1st year of life.

Over their 1st year of life, infants'"universal" perception of the sounds of language narrows to encompass only those contrasts made in their native language (J. F. Werker & R.

Titanium surface topography after brushing with fluoride and fluoride-free toothpaste simulating 10 years of use.

Objectives: To conduct a controlled study contrasting titanium surface topography after procedures that simulated 10 years of brushing using toothpastes with or without fluoride.

Methods: Commercially pure titanium (cp Ti) and Ti-6Al-4V disks (6 mm Ø×4 mm) were mirror-polished and treated according to 6 groups (n=6) as a function of immersion (I) or brushing (B) using deionised water (W), fluoride-free toothpaste (T) and fluoride toothpaste (FT). Surface topography was evaluated at baseline (pretreatment) and post-treatment, using atomic force microscope in order to obtain three-dimensional images and mean roughness.

The influence of short-heating-cycle investments on the quality of commercially pure titanium castings.

Statement Of Problem: A new short-cycle, spinel-based investment was developed to minimize the long heating cycle generally required for conventional investments for titanium castings, but the quality of castings made using this material has yet to be evaluated.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the Vickers hardness, castability, surface roughness, in vitro marginal misfit, and internal porosity of castings made using silica phosphate-based and spinel-based investments.

Material And Methods: The specimens were commercially pure titanium cast using silica phosphate-based investment, Rematitan Plus (RP), and spinel-based investments, Rematitan Ultra (RU) or short-heat-cycle Trinell (TR).

Influence of microwave sterilization on the cutting capacity of carbide burs.

Objective: This study compared the cutting capacity of carbide burs sterilized with microwaves and traditional sterilization methods.

Material And Methods: Sixty burs were divided into 5 groups according to the sterilization methods: dry heat (G1), autoclave (G2), microwave irradiation (G3), glutaraldehyde (G4) or control - no sterilization (G5). The burs were used to cut glass plates in a cutting machine set for twelve 2.