Identifying and validating MMP family members (MMP2, MMP9, MMP12, and MMP16) as therapeutic targets and biomarkers in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC).

Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma (KIRC) is a malignant tumor that carries a substantial risk of morbidity and mortality. The MMP family assumes a crucial role in tumor invasion and metastasis. This study aimed to uncover the mechanistic relevance of the MMP gene family as a therapeutic target and diagnostic biomarker in Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma (KIRC) through a comprehensive approach encompassing both computational and molecular analyses.

Neurokinin B Administration Induces Dose Dependent Proliferation of Seminal Vesicles in Adult Rats.

Background: Neurokinin B; an endogenous decapeptide, mediates its reproductive physiological actions through gonadotropin releasing hormone. Despite the potential role of Neurokinin B on seminal vesicles, its effects on seminal vesicles in adult male mammals remain elusive. We aimed to investigate the potentials of variable doses of Neurokinin B, its agonist and antagonist on histomorphology and expression of NK3R on seminal vesicles, and secretory activity of seminal vesicles in adult male rats.

Investigating novel biomarkers in uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma: in silico analysis and clinical specimens validation via RT-qPCR and immunohistochemistry.

The rising incidence and mortality rate of Uterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma (UCEC) pose significant health concerns. CC and CXC chemokines have been linked to tumorigenesis and cancer progression. Recognizing the growing significance of CC and CXC chemokines' diagnostic and prognostic significance in diverse cancer types, our objective was to comprehensively analyze the diagnostic and prognostic values of hub genes from the CC and CXC chemokines in UCEC, utilizing both in silico and clinical samples and cell lines-based approaches.

In vitro analysis of PI3K pathway activation genes for exploring novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets in clear cell renal carcinoma.

Objectives: The regulation of various cellular functions such as growth, proliferation, metabolism, and angiogenesis, is dependent on the PI3K pathway. Recent evidence has indicated that kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) can be triggered by the deregulation of this pathway. The objective of this research was to investigate 25 genes associated with activation of the PI3K pathway in KIRC and control samples to identify four hub genes that might serve as novel molecular biomarkers and therapeutic targets for treating KIRC.

Screening of four signature genes for clinical testing through bioinformatics and in vitro methods in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC) is the 6 most common cancer around the globe; its underlying molecular mechanisms and accurate molecular markers are still lacking. In this study, we explored hub genes and their potential signaling pathways through which these genes participate in the development of HNSC. The GSE23036 gene microarray dataset was attained from the GEO (Gene Expression Omnibus) database.

Tachykinins Play a Major Role in Micro and Macrovascular Complications in Type 2 Diabetes Patients.

Diabetes Mellitus is a metabolic disorder, which is characterized by an increase in blood glucose levels. The defects in the secretion or action of insulin are the major cause of diabetes. Increase in the blood glucose level exerts a negative effect on the normal functions of the body organs and this leads to the dysfunctions of cells and tissue and causes vascular complications in diabetic patients.

Dose-Dependent Degeneration of Leydig Cells Following Kisspeptin-10 Administration: An Ultrastructural Study.

Background: The discovery of kisspeptin signaling as a key regulator of gonadotropin- releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion from the hypothalamus enhanced our understanding of the neuroendocrine regulation of mammalian reproduction. Effects of central and peripheral administration of kisspeptin on plasma gonadotropins, testosterone, and spermatogenesis are studied in detail.

Objective: The present study was conducted to check the ultrastructure of Leydig cells in prepubertal male rats in response to the administration of a range of kisspeptin doses.

Molecular characterization of Chickpea chlorotic dwarf virus strain D in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) from District Dera Ismail Khan Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.

Chickpea chlorotic dwarf virus (CpCDV), a member of genus Mastrevirus (family Geminiviridae) is an important viral pathogen of chickpea and other legume crops in Middle East, North Africa, India and Pakistan. Among sixteen known strains of CpCDV three are known to infect legume crops in Punjab province of Pakistan. In this study diversity of CpCDV was explored in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) province of Pakistan.

Venom Protein C Activators as Diagnostic Agents for Defects of Protein C System.

Background: Protein C is a vitamin K dependent plasma zymogen. It inhibits clotting by inhibiting clotting by inactivating factor V and factor VIII. Protein C activation pathway involves three steps: (i) Activation of protein C; (ii) Inhibition of coagulation through inactivating factor V and VIII by activated protein C and (iii) Inhibition of activated protein C by plasma protease inhibitors specific for this enzyme.

Human semen quality and sperm DNA damage assessed by comet assay in clinical groups.

Background/aim: About 10%-15% of couples around the world suffer from infertility. Male infertility is responsible directly or indirectly in approximately 60% of cases. A deficiency in semen is the most common cause of male infertility.

Insight into the serum kisspeptin levels in infertile males.

Background: Regulation of reproduction is now considered to be carried out by the kisspeptin and its receptor, GPR54 or Kiss1r. Mutations of either Kiss1 or Kiss1r in humans and mice result in profound hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. The present study was aimed to determine whether the levels of kisspeptin are associated with male infertility.

The effect of chronic kisspeptin administration on seminal fructose levels in male mice.

The discovery that kisspeptin was critical for normal fertility in all mammalian species including humans, ushered in a new chapter in our understanding of the control of GnRH secretion. Kisspeptin, the product of the KISS1 gene, plays an essential role in the regulation of spermatogenesis acting primarily at the hypothalamic level of the gonadotropic axis. Among the many identified substances in human semen, fructose is becoming increasingly significant.

Kisspeptin-10 induces dose dependent degeneration in prepubertal rat prostate gland.

Background: Kisspeptin peptides mediate their actions through the GnRH loop system. How kisspeptins affect prostate gland in prepubertal male mammals remains elusive.

Methods: To address this kisspeptin was administered as subchronic (12 days) twice daily i.

Immature rat seminal vesicles show histomorphological and ultrastructural alterations following treatment with kisspeptin-10.

Background: Degenerative effects of critical regulators of reproduction, the kisspeptin peptides, on cellular aspects of sexually immature male gonads are known but similar information on accessory sex glands remain elusive.

Methods: Prepubertal laboratory rats were injected kisspeptin-10 at three different dosage concentrations (10 pg, 1 ng and 1 microgram) for a period of continuous 12 days at the rate of two doses per day. Control rats were maintained in parallel.

Intraperitoneal kisspeptin-10 administration induces dose-dependent degenerative changes in maturing rat testes.

Aims: Kisspeptin, a peptide secreted by hypothalamic neurons, is a critical regulator of reproduction and puberty but its role in the regulation of gonadal maturation in sexually immature males is elusive. The present study investigated the effects of 12 days of pulsatile kisspeptin administration on gonadotropins and testosterone release and maturation of immature male gonads.

Main Methods: Kisspeptin-10 was administered intraperitoneally at different dosage concentrations (1 μg, 1 ng, and 10 pg) to 5 weeks old prepubertal male rats, twice daily for 12 days.

Metabolic syndrome in school children of Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan.

Background: Childhood obesity has increased considerably in many regions of the world including Pakistan. The recent phenomenon of 'nutritional transition' with a westernisation of food so prevalent in developing countries, has caused a significant rise in obesity among population that were unaware of this problem in the recent past. The aim of this study was to find out the frequency of metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular risk factors in obese school children (6-11 years) in Dera Ismail Khan.