Sinonasal immunoglobulin G4-related disease: a case report of an atypical and rare entity.

Background: Immunoglobulin G4-related disease is marked by extensive inflammation and fibrosis of an unknown autoimmune component, with an overall incidence ranging from 0.78 to 1.39 per 10 person-years.

Safety of COVID-19 Vaccine in Patients with Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Diseases.

Objectives: The main purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of COVID-19 vaccine side effects in patients with rheumatic diseases and to examine any potential associations with medications, disease type, or comorbidities.

Methods: A multicentre cross-sectional study from rheumatology units in different hospitals in Iraq was carried out between 8 of August 2021 and 4th of August 2022. Patients were eligible for inclusion if they have a rheumatic disease and have taken one or more doses of any COVID-19 vaccine.

Association of soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 with rheumatoid arthritis in Iraqi patients: A case-control study.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common chronic immune-mediated inflammatory arthritis, impacting 0.5-1% of the global population, and leading to progressive deterioration of the musculoskeletal and joint systems. This study aims to analyze the serum levels of soluble triggering receptors expressed on myeloid cells-1 (sTREM-1) in Iraqi patients with RA and healthy individuals.

Unusual cause of inflammatory backache: SAPHO syndrome.

Synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, and osteitis (SAPHO) is a rare chronic inflammatory disease that develops in adults. We present a case of SAPHO syndrome in a 37-year-old male presenting with gradually worsening back and neck pain for a 7-year period. The episodes were preceded by a history of pustular skin eruptions, which first appeared on the upper trunk and then involved his face and were pustular and scarring.

A case report of an extremely rare association of ankylosing spondylitis with pachydermoperiostosis.

Key Clinical Message: We describe a case of a young man with features of pachydermoperiostosis and spondyloarthropathy. By describing this rarity, we aim to help build a database for future studies and construct a management plan that rheumatologists and clinicians can use.

Abstract: This is the first case report in Iraq describing the combination of pachydermoperiostosis and ankylosing spondylitis.

Unusual presentation of rheumatoid arthritis in a 106-year-old woman: A rare case report.

By reporting this case, we hope to encourage medical professionals to concentrate on diagnosing old patients with unusual presentation of rheumatoid arthritis.

Association of tumor necrosis factor-alpha promoter region gene polymorphism at positions -308G/A, -857C/T, and -863C/A with etanercept response in Iraqi rheumatoid arthritis patients.

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the association between polymorphisms in the promoter region of the tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) gene at locations -308G/A, -857C/T, and -863C/A with the tendency of being non-responder to etanercept.

Patients And Methods: Between October 2020 and August 2021, a total of 80 patients (10 males, 70 females; mean age: 50 years; range, 30 to 72 years) with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) receiving etanercept for at least six months were included. The patients were divided into two groups responders and non-responders, based on their response after six months of continuous treatment.

A 5 item version of the Workplace Activity Limitation Scale successfully identifies impaired work productivity in rheumatoid arthritis patients: A split-sample factor analysis approach.

Background: There is a growing interest in studying the effects of arthritis on a person's work productivity using a growing variety of outcome indicators.

Objectives: To develop a valid and reliable shortened version of the Workplace Activity Limitation Scale 12 (WALS-12) for assessing work productivity limitations in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients.

Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 277 RA patients was conducted.

Long-Term Adherence to Etanercept in Treatment Effectiveness of Patients with Spondyloarthritis: 7-Year Data from the Iraq National Registry.

Introduction: The diagnosis and treatment of spondyloarthritis (SpA) is a global challenge, with no cure available. Adherence to treatment with biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs, such as the tumor necrosis factor-α inhibitor etanercept, varies among patients with SpA. Inadequate or poor adherence to treatment may have a negative effect on clinical outcome and quality of life and may lead to greater health-related expense.

Disturbance in Serum Levels of IL-17 and TGF-β1 and in Gene Expression of ROR-γt and FOX-P3 Is Associated with Pathogenicity of Systematic Lupus Erythematosus.

To investigate the disturbance in serum levels of interleukin-17 (IL-17) and transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-β1) and gene expression of retinoic acid-related orphan receptor-gamma t (ROR-γt) and forkhead box-P3 (FOX-P3) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and to study their association with disease pathogenicity and activity. Newly diagnosed active patients with SLE (n=88) and healthy volunteers (n=70) were included. Serum IL-17 and TGF-β1 were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Mean platelet volume to lymphocyte ratio and platelet distribution width to lymphocyte ratio in Iraqi patients diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Introduction: The mean platelet volume to lymphocyte ratio (MPVLR) and platelet distribution width to lymphocyte ratio (PDWLR) have the potential to serve as markers of inflammation which may indicate disease activity. The mean platelet volume to lymphocyte ratio and PDWLR were assessed in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in this study.

Material And Methods: Sixty-two patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and 79 controls who were age and gender matched were included.

The Clinical Impact of Seropositivity on Treatment Response in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis Treated with Etanercept: A Real-World Iraqi Experience.

Purpose: To assess the clinical impact of rheumatoid factor (RF) and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody (ACPA)'s seropositivity on treatment response in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treated with etanercept.

Patients And Methods: A retrospective analysis of patients with RA registered in Baghdad Teaching Hospital Registry from May 2012 to August 2019 was conducted. Patients aged ≥18 years, meeting the ACR/EULAR 2010 criteria for RA, being treated with etanercept, and followed up at ≥1 year after etanercept initiation were included; patients who received any other biologics for RA were excluded.

Randomized controlled trial of colchicine add on to the standard therapy in moderate and severe corona virus Disease-19 infection.

Background: COVID19 complications cause inflammatory storm. Colchicine is a potent anti-inflammatory medication that has been proposed as a possible treatment option for COVID-19.

Objective: to assess effectiveness and safety of add on use of colchicine to the standard treatment in moderate and severe COVID-19.

A randomised controlled trial of effectiveness and safety of Niclosamide as add on therapy to the standard of care measures in COVID-19 management.

Background: COVID-19 pandemic has ignited the urge for repurposing old drugs as candidate antiviral medicines to treat novel challenges of viral infections. Niclosamide (NCS) is an anti-parasitic drug of known antiviral potential. Therefore, this study attempts to investigate the antiviral effect and safety of NCS on SARS-CoV-2 caused COVID-19 patients.

Presarcopenia in Patients with Vitiligo: A Case Control Study.

Background: Sarcopenia is a muscle disease with significant morbidity and mortality. Vitiligo is a common autoimmune inflammatory disease which results from absence, deficiency, or dysfunction of melanocytes. Links between sarcopenia and autoimmune inflammatory processes were reported.

Clinical Outcomes in Iraqi Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis Following Earlier or Later Treatment with Etanercept.

Purpose: The development of evidence-based guidelines on early pharmacotherapeutic treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) could be useful in Middle Eastern nations striving to improve outcomes in patients with this chronic, debilitating disease. Evidence obtained from local populations should inform such guidelines and therefore our aim was to use real-world data to evaluate the clinical responses of Iraqi patients with RA who received earlier or later treatment with the TNF inhibitor etanercept.

Patients And Methods: Data from patients registered in the Iraq National Center of Rheumatology database from May 2012 to December 2018, inclusive, were analyzed retrospectively.

Fibromyalgia in Iraqi patients with asthma and its impact on asthma severity and control.

Background: Fibromyalgia (FM) is common with significant impact on patients quality of life. Limited reports on coexistence of FM with asthma.

Objectives: To assess the prevalence of FM in asthmatic patients and its impact on asthma severity and control.

Impact of disease activity on health related quality of life in patients with Behçet's disease: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Behçet's syndrome (BD) is a systemic inflammatory vasculitis of unknown aetiology, affecting vessels of different types, sizes and locations and characterized by recurrent episodes of acute inflammation, including mucocutaneous manifestations (oral aphthous ulcers, genital ulcers and skin lesions) and gastrointestinal, musculoskeletal, neurological, ophthalmic and vascular involvement which lead to a significant morbidity and impaired health related quality of life (HRQoL). Few studies reported impact of disease activity on HRQoL.

Objective: To assess the impact of BD activity on HRQoL.

Prevalence of sarcopenia in sample of Iraqi patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A hospital based study.

Background And Aims: Damage to the skeletal muscles, with a pronounced and accelerated decline in muscle quality have been described as a new complication of diabetic patients, so this study was conducted to assess the prevalence of sarcopenia in sample of Iraqi patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Methods: This was a case-control study conducted at Baghdad Teaching Hospital from September 2018 to April 2019. Participants were men and women aged between (40-70) years with type 2 diabetes mellitus diagnosed by an Internist/Endocrinologist doctor and on treatment for at least 6 months earlier.

Unusual Presentation of Galactosemia in a Child: Musculoskeletal Manifestations.

Galactosemia is an autosomal recessive inherited disease of galactose metabolism. In this report, a galactosemia case with unusual presentation has been presented. We reported a child boy with galactosemia presented with arthralgia, hands deformity and decreased bone mineral density.

The Anti-Rheumatoid Activity of Niclosamide in Collagen-Induced Arthritis in Rats.

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the anti-arthritic effect of orally administered niclosamide (NCL) on collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in rats.

Materials And Methods: The study included 35 Sprague Dawley rats (age range, 3 to 4 months; average weight, 100±10 g) of which seven were used as a negative control group (group A) whereas 28, in which arthritis was induced by injection of collagen type II emulsified by incomplete Freund's adjuvant and which were considered as CIA rats, were randomly divided equally into four groups and treated for 28 days with: normal saline (group B), low-dose NCL (group C), high-dose NCL (group D), and diclofenac sodium (group E). Body weight, arthritis index, ankle swelling, and footpad thickness were monitored before and after treatment in all groups.