Outcomes of Arteriotomy Closure Technique for Carotid Endarterectomy: Bovine Pericardial Patch Closure versus Primary Closure.

Introduction: The aim of our study was to compare the primary closure (PRC) and patch angioplasty closure (PAC) of carotid artery following carotid endarterectomy (CEA).

Methods: Data of patients who underwent CEA in the period from January 2005 to June 2020 were reviewed through files. Demographic characteristics, information about the operation, and postoperative follow-up outcomes of the patients were compared.

The protective effect of melatonin on remote organ liver ischemia and reperfusion injury following aortic clamping.

Background: Severe local and systemic tissue injuries can occur after restoration of tissue oxygenation which is also known as reperfusion injury. Our objective was to investigate the possible protective effects of melatonin against IR damage in hepatic tissue following infrarenal aortic occlusion.

Methods: A total of twenty-one male Wistar-albino rats separated into three groups as follows: Group I: Laparotomy and dissection of the infrarenal abdominal aorta (AA) were concurrently performed.

Investigation of the effect of crocin pretreatment on renal injury induced by infrarenal aortic occlusion.

Objective: Ischemia and reperfusion (IR) injury is an important complication of abdominal aortic surgery, and it mainly affects the lower extremities and remote organs. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the possible protective effect of crocin in IR-mediated kidney damage.

Materials And Methods: A total of 24 adult male Wistar-Albino rats were equally and randomly separated into three groups as follows: sham laparotomy, IR, and IR + crocin.

Effects of thymoquinone against cisplatin-induced cardiac injury in rats.

Purpose: T o investigate the possible protective effect of thymoquinone (TQ) in cisplatin (CP) induced myocardial injury.

Methods: A total of 28 adult male Wistar-Albino rats were randomly and equally divided into four groups as follows: Group 1 (control), Group 2 (CP at 15 mg/kg dose), Group 3 (TQ 40 mg/kg/day for two days prior to CP injection and on third day, CP at 15 mg/kg dose was intraperitoneally administered and TQ treatment continued until fifth day) and Group 4 (TQ at 40mg/kg/day dose for five days).

Results: There was a significant increment in CP group in terms of congestion, edema and pycnotic nuclei in myocardial fibers, comparing with other groups.

Effects of N-acetyl cysteine on renal functions evaluated by blood neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin levels in geriatric patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting.

Objective: Recent conflicting studies on the renal effects of N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) after cardiac surgery have been published. The aim of this study was to evaluate the renal effects of NAC using neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) blood levels in elderly patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).

Methods: This randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study was conducted among geriatric patients (>65 years) scheduled to undergo CABG.

Nebivolol compared with metoprolol for erectile function in males undergoing coronary artery bypass graft.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate erectile function in males undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) while on two different adrenoceptor beta-blocker regimens, namely nebivolol and metoprolol. We hypothesize that the negative effects of cardiopulmonary bypass on erectile function may be possibly attenuated by preferring a vasodilating selective β1-blocker, nebivolol, to metoprolol as an anti-ischemic and antiarrhythmic agent in males undergoing CABG.

Methods: This randomized, double-blind, prospective clinical study was conducted in patients scheduled for CABG surgery between February 2012 and June 2014.

L-Carnitine Supplementation Reduces Short-Term Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio in Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting.

This study aims to investigate whether preoperative L-carnitine supplementation affects the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting surgery. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio is an inflammatory marker that has proven usefulness for predicting postoperative complications in coronary artery bypass surgery. A lot of studies concerning the role of L-carnitine in the immune system have been performed, contradictory results have been reported on its effects on absolute numbers of WBC subtypes.

Comparison of neutrophil:lymphocyte ratios following coronary artery bypass surgery with or without cardiopulmonary bypass.

Objective: Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery may induce postoperative systemic changes in leukocyte counts, including leukocytosis, neutrophilia or lymphopenia. This retrospective clinical study investigated whether off-pump coronary artery bypass (OPCAB) surgery working on the beating heart without extracorporeal circulation could favourably affect leukocyte counts, including neutrophil-tolymphocyte (N:L) ratio, after CABG.

Methods: In this study, 30 patients who underwent isolated CABG with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), and another 30 patients who underwent the same operation without CPB between May 2010 and May 2013, were screened from the computerised database of our hospital.

A rare para-anastomotic femoral artery aneurysm in a patient with history of femoro-popliteal bypass graft occlusion.

Introduction: Para-anastomotic aneurysms may develop as a late complication of arterial reconstructions. They are mostly seen after abdominal aortic procedures and also are mostly encountered as pseudoaneurysms.

Presentation Of Case: We report a true para-anastomotic aneurysm in the common femoral artery of a 57 year old man with an occluded femoro-popliteal bypass graft.

Effect of IL-18 binding protein on hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury induced by infrarenal aortic occlusion.

Purpose: Severe local and systemic tissue damage called ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury occurs during the period of reperfusion. Free oxygen radicals and proinflammatory cytokines are responsible for reperfusion injury. IL-18 binding protein (IL-18BP) is a natural inhibitor of IL-18.

Comparison of the effects of desflurane and propofol anesthesia on the inflammatory response and s100β protein during coronary artery bypass grafting.

Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) contributes to the secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines that mediate the inflammatory response observed during open heart surgery. In addition to many factors, type of anesthesia management affects immune response and central nervous system in cardiac surgery. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of propofol versus desflurane anesthesia on systemic immune modulation and central nervous system on patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting.

The effect of phlebotomy and mannitol on acute renal injury induced by ischemia/reperfusion of lower limbs in rats.

Background: Abdominal aortic surgery can cause ischemic/reperfusion (I/R) injury not only in the lower limbs but also in remote organs such as kidneys. Venous blood volume exclusion from the inferior vena cava (phlebotomy) or/and mannitol are used as a treatment for I/R injury of kidney in humans, despite the fact that the effectiveness of these treatments is still debated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of phlebotomy or/and mannitol on rat kidneys in a model of lower limbs I/R-induced acute renal injury (ARI).

Mannitol attenuates acute lung injury induced by infrarenal aortic occlusion-reperfusion in rats.

Purpose: Mannitol is used as a treatment for ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury of various organs in humans, despite the fact that its effectiveness in vivo is still disputed. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of mannitol on acute lung injury (ALI) induced by infrarenal aortic occlusion.

Methods: Male Wistar-albino rats were allocated into five groups: (i) sham-operated group, which received a laparotomy without IR injury (n = 12); (ii) IR group, which received 3 h of ischemia followed by 2 h of reperfusion (n = 12); (iii) IR + inferior caval phlebotomy (ICP) group, which was identical to group 2 except for 1 ml of blood aspiration from the inferior caval vein (n = 12); (iv) IR + mannitol-treated group, for which rats were subjected to IR and received a bolus injection of mannitol (n = 12); and (v) IR + ICP + mannitol-treated group, which underwent the same procedures as described for the previous groups.

Comparison of antimicrobial agents as therapy for experimental endocarditis: caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

We used an experimental rat model to compare the therapeutic efficacy of teicoplanin, linezolid, and quinupristin/dalfopristin with that of vancomycin as standard therapy for infective endocarditis.Aortic endocarditis was induced in rats by insertion of a polyethylene catheter into the left ventricle, followed by intravenous inoculation of 106 colony-forming units of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 24 hours later. Forty-eight hours after bacterial challenge, intravenous antibiotic therapies were initiated.

The prophylactic efficacy of rifampicin-soaked graft in combination with systemic vancomycin in the prevention of prosthetic vascular graft infection: an experimental study.

Objective: To investigate the prophylactic efficacy of systemic, topical, or combined antibiotic usage in the prevention of late prosthetic vascular graft infection caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis (MRSE) and the differential adherence of S. epidermidis to Dacron and ePTFE grafts in a rat model.

Materials And Methods: Graft infections were established in the back subcutaneous tissue of 120 adult male Wistar rats by implantation of 1-cm(2) Dacron/ePTFE prosthesis followed by topical inoculation with 2 x 10(7) CFU of clinical isolate of MRSE.