A modification of the classic technique for expansion duroplasty of the posterior fossa.

Objective: Expansion of the posterior fossa is the goal in treatment of many neurosurgical diseases sharing a small posterior fossa and/or tightness at the level of foramen magnum. To further enhance the dural opening at the level of foramen magnum, a modification in the duroplasty technique is suggested.

Methods: A simple modification of the classic Y-shaped technique for expansion duroplasty of the posterior fossa is described.

The reliability of ultrasound measurements of carotid stenosis compared to MRA and DSA.

Objective: Carotid ultrasound (US) is a screening test for patients with transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) or stroke who then undergo Digital Subtraction Angiogram (DSA) or Magnetic Resonance Angiography (MRA). Gold standard DSA is invasive with inherent risks and costs. MRA is an evolving technology.

Comparison of the reliability of brain lesion localization when using traditional and stereotactic image-guided techniques: a prospective study.

Object: Accurate localization of brain lesions is of utmost importance. Traditional methods of localization that involve the use of neuroimaging and surface anatomy have been replaced in certain cases by using frameless stereotactic neuronavigational systems. Even though these systems have been found to be accurate, no studies have been conducted to investigate whether the systems provide improved localization accuracy compared with traditional methods.