New Intravesical Agents for BCG-Unresponsive High-Risk Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer.

Background: With the exception of the FDA-approved valrubicin and pembrolizumab, there are no standard second-line treaments for BCG-unresponsive high-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC).

Objectives: To provide a systematic review of the novel intravesically administered therapeutic agents for the salvage treatment of BCG-unresponsive NMIBC.

Methods: Online search of the PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science databases was performed.

Melatonin Preserves the Postharvest Quality of Cut Roses through Enhancing the Antioxidant System.

The vase life of cut rose is relatively short, therefore; preserving its postharvest quality via eco-friendly approaches is of particular economic importance. From the previous literature, despite melatonin (MT) plays diverse important roles in the postharvest quality maintenance, its impact on preserving the postharvest quality of cut flowers is really scarce. This research therefore was undertaken to find out the possibility of exogenous MT as an eco-friendly preservative to extend the vase life of cut roses.

Exploring the Potential Enhancing Effects of Trans-Zeatin and Silymarin on the Productivity and Antioxidant Defense Capacity of Cadmium-Stressed Wheat.

Pot trials were performed to explore the impacts of seed priming (SPr) plus leaf treatment (LTr) with -zeatin-type cytokinin (Zck; 0.05 mM) and silymarin (Sim; 0.5 mM) on growth, yield, physio-biochemical responses, and antioxidant defense systems in Cd-stressed wheat.

The Accuracy of Sequential Urethral Frozen Section and its Impact on Urethral Recurrence After Radical Cystectomy.

Objective: To assess the accuracy of frozen section analysis (FSA) for detecting and eliminating malignant urethral margins during radical cystectomy (RC) for bladder cancer (BC) and its impact on urethral recurrence.

Methods: Urethral margins were initially examined by FSA in 217 patients at RC. When positive, additional resections were performed.

The Predictive and Prognostic Value of Precystectomy Serum Gamma-Glutamyltransferase Levels in Patients With Invasive Bladder Cancer.

Introduction: The aim of the study was to elucidate the predictive and prognostic value of serum gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) in patients with invasive bladder cancer (BC).

Patients And Methods: Preoperative serum GGT concentrations were assessed in 324 patients treated with RC for cM0 BC between 2002 and 2013. Laboratory values were obtained 1 to 3 days prior to RC.

The Efficacies of 1-Methylcyclopropene and Chitosan Nanoparticles in Preserving the Postharvest Quality of Damask Rose and Their Underlying Biochemical and Physiological Mechanisms.

Preserving the flower shelf life of damask rose is a crucial matter in promoting its economic viability. Chitosan nanoparticles (CSNPs) and 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) may potentially decrease the postharvest loss of several horticultural commodities, but no findings on damask rose have been published. Therefore, the aim of this research was to study the effect of 1-MCP (400 mg m) and either the pre- or postharvest application of CSNPs (1%) on maintaining the quality of damask rose flowers during storage at 4 or 20 °C.

Ginger Extract and Fulvic Acid Foliar Applications as Novel Practical Approaches to Improve the Growth and Productivity of Damask Rose.

Plant biostimulants (BIOs) have been identified as among the best agricultural practices over the past few decades. Ginger extract (GE) and fulvic acid (FA) are a new family of multifunctional BIOs that positively affect development processes in plants. However, the underlying mechanisms that influence these development processes are still unknown.

How salt stress-responsive proteins regulate plant adaptation to saline conditions.

An overview is presented of recent advances in our knowledge of candidate proteins that regulate various physiological and biochemical processes underpinning plant adaptation to saline conditions. Salt stress is one of the environmental constraints that restrict plant distribution, growth and yield in many parts of the world. Increased world population surely elevates food demands all over the globe, which anticipates to add a great challenge to humanity.

Exogenous Gibberellic Acid or Dilute Bee Honey Boosts Drought Stress Tolerance in by Rebalancing Osmoprotectants, Antioxidants, Nutrients, and Phytohormones.

The use of growth regulators such as gibberellic acid (GA) and biostimulants, including diluted bee honey (Db-H) can improve drought tolerance in many crops, including the faba bean ( L.). Db-H contains high values of osmoprotectants, mineral nutrients, vitamins, and many antioxidants making it an effective growth regulator against environmental stress effects.

Protective Effects of Taif Rosewater Against Testicular Impairment Induced By Lead Intoxication In Rats.

This study explored treatment with Taif rosewater (RW) to protect against lead acetate-(PbAc) induced male testicular impairment. Male Wistar rats were divided into four groups and provided drinking water containing 4% Taif RW, PbAc, 4% Taif RW followed by PbAc or normal water (controls). Serum for hormonal assays and testicular tissue for histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations and molecular study were obtained.

Seasonal Variability of Elemental Composition and Phytochemical Analysis of Moringa oleifera Leaves Using Energy-Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence and Other Related Methods.

The elemental contents and the phytochemical components of Moringa oleifera are crucial for nutrition and medical purposes. Therefore, the monthly and seasonal variations of the elemental composition and phytochemical analysis of Moringa oleifera leaves collected from the same ecological area have been investigated. For this purpose, Moringa oleifera leaves were collected monthly from the same tree's branches during the whole year from January 2019 to December 2019.

Prognostic significance of previous tonsillectomy after radical cystectomy for bladder cancer.

To examine whether previous tonsillectomy (TE) impacts on survival after radical cystectomy (RC) for bladder cancer (BC). A total of 320 patients were staged cM0 and underwent RC for BC between 2002 and 2013. We retrospectively investigated whether patients had undergone TE prior to RC.

Radical Cystectomy in Female Patients - Improving Outcomes.

Purpose Of Review: To review the methods of improving surgical, oncological, and functional outcomes in women with bladder cancer treated with radical cystectomy.

Recent Findings: Οrthotopic urinary diversion (ONB) is a safe option for well-selected women as it combines high rates of daytime and nighttime continence with exceptional oncologic outcomes. It is considered safe even for patients with limited lymph node disease and trigone involvement, as long as a preoperative biopsy of the bladder neck or an intraoperative frozen section analysis of distal urethral margin rules out malignant disease.

Prognostic impact of tumor-associated immune cell infiltrates at radical cystectomy for bladder cancer.

Objectives: To assess whether the presence and location of tumor-associated immune cell infiltrates (TAIC) on histological slides obtained from cystectomy specimens impacts on oncological outcomes of patients with bladder cancer (BC).

Material And Methods: A total of 320 consecutive patients staged with cM0 bladder cancer underwent radical cystectomy (RC) between 2004 and 2013. The presence of TAIC (either located peritumorally [PIC] and/or intratumorally [IIC]) on histological slides was retrospectively assessed and correlated with outcomes.

The prognostic impact of hexaminolevulinate-based bladder tumor resection in patients with primary non-muscle invasive bladder cancer treated with radical cystectomy.

Purpose: To investigate whether hexaminolevulinate-based (HAL) bladder tumor resection (TURBT) impacts on outcomes of patients with primary non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) who were eventually treated with radical cystectomy (RC).

Methods: A total of 131 consecutive patients exhibiting NMIBC at primary diagnosis were retrospectively investigated whether they had undergone any HAL-guided TURBT prior to RC. Uni- and multivariable analyses were used to evaluate the impact of HAL-TURBT on cancer-specific (CSS) and overall survival (OS).

Prognostic Significance of Incidental Prostate Cancer at Radical Cystoprostatectomy for Bladder Cancer.

Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of the clinical significance of incidental prostate cancer (PC) on overall survival (OS) after radical cystoprostatectomy (RC) for bladder cancer (BC).

Methods: A total of 822 consecutive men underwent RC in 3 academic centers between 1996 and 2011. The clinical significance of incidental PC was determined according to the Epstein criteria.

Prognostic relevance of postoperative platelet count in upper tract urothelial carcinoma after radical nephroureterectomy.

Aim Of The Study: To assess the impact of perioperative platelet count (PLT) kinetics on recurrence-free survival (RFS) after radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) for upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC).

Methods: From three prospectively maintained databases of three tertiary care centres a total of 269 patients undergoing RNU without perioperative treatment between 1996 and 2011 were considered for this analysis. Pre- and postoperatively elevated PLT count was defined as >400×10(9)/L.

Comparative analysis of comorbidity and performance indices for prediction of oncological outcomes in patients with upper tract urothelial carcinoma who were treated with radical nephroureterectomy.

Objective: Comorbidity and performance indices (CPIs) are useful tools to evaluate patient's risk of comorbidities and thus may guide clinical decision making regarding surgery or multimodal therapy approaches. Hence, the aim of the current study was to assess the predictive capacity of CPIs comprising the American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA)-score, the Charlson comorbidity index (CCI), the age-adjusted CCI (ACCI), and the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG-PS) in patients with upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) who were treated with radical nephroureterectomy (RNU).

Methods And Materials: A total of 242 patients with UTUC underwent RNU without neoadjuvant chemotherapy between 1992 and 2012 at 3 German academic centers.

Serum fluoride levels in a group of Egyptian infants and children from Cairo city.

In this study, the authors investigated fluoride levels in the serum of infants and children (n = 296) and in the breast milk from nursing mothers (n = 60) in Cairo city. Their goal was to evaluate the necessity and safety of implementing a fluoride supplementation program. The authors used an ion-selective electrode to assay fluoride by direct potentiometry.