Effects of Probiotics on Liver Diseases: Current In Vitro and In Vivo Studies.

Various types of liver or hepatic diseases cause the death of about 2 million people worldwide every year, of which 1 million die from the complications of cirrhosis and another million from hepatocellular carcinoma and viral hepatitis. Currently, the second most common solid organ transplant is the liver, and the current rate represents less than 10% of global transplant requests. Hence, finding new approaches to treat and prevent liver diseases is essential.

Biomimetic scaffolds loaded with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) or MSC-derived exosomes for enhanced wound healing.

Since wound healing is one of the most important medical challenges and common dressings have not been able to manage this challenge well today, efforts have been increased to achieve an advanced dressing. Mesenchymal stem cells and exosomes derived from them have shown high potential in healing and regenerating wounds due to their immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive, and high regenerative capacities. However, challenges such as the short life of these cells, the low durability of these cells in the wound area, and the low stability of exosomes derived from them have resulted in limitations in their use for wound healing.

Conditioned media from human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells: potential effect on peripheral blood mononuclear cells in co-culture with HeLa cell line.

The use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for the treatment of various diseases is being investigated, however, their use in cervical cancer has not been well-studied. Here, we examined the impact of collected MSC-conditioned medium (CM) on 1 to 5 days on apoptosis, proliferation, and cytokine production of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) when co-cultured alongside the HeLa cell line for 24, 48, and 72 h by CFSE assay, flow cytometry, and real-time PCR, respectively. We found that CMs collected on the third day of MSCs culture significantly increased the proliferation of PBMCs and decreased the proliferation of HeLa cells after 48 h.

Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes for management of prostate cancer: An updated view.

Prostate cancer represents the second most prevalent form of cancer found in males, and stands as the fifth primary contributor to cancer-induced mortality on a global scale. Research has shown that transplanted mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can migrate by homing to tumor sites in the body. In prostate cancer, researchers have explored the fact that MSC-based therapies (including genetically modified delivery vehicles or vectors) and MSC-derived exosomes are emerging as attractive options to improve the efficacy and safety of traditional cancer therapies.

Immunoregulatory effects of nanocurcumin in inflammatory milieu: Focus on COVID-19.

The use of natural compounds, such as curcumin, to treat infections caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites, inflammatory diseases, and various types of cancer is an active and dynamic area of research. Curcumin has a long history of use in the food industry, and there is currently a growing interest in its therapeutic applications. Numerous clinical trials have consistently shown that curcumin, a polyphenolic compound, is safe and well-tolerated even at high doses.

Lupus mice derived mesenchymal stromal cells: Beneficial or detrimental on SLE disease outcome.

Background: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by the presence of autoantibodies against nuclear genes, deposition of immune complexes, and autoimmune T cells, through which, tissue damage would ultimately occur. Furthermore, loss of immune tolerance and imbalance of Th1/Th2 cells in addition to Th17/Treg are contributed to the pathogenesis of SLE. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) infusion is a potential therapy for SLE disease.

B lymphocytes in COVID-19: a tale of harmony and discordance.

B lymphocytes play a vital role in the human defense against viral infections by producing specific antibodies. They are also critical for the prevention of infectious diseases by vaccination, and their activation influences the efficacy of the vaccination. Since the beginning of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which became the main concern of the world health system, many efforts have been made to treat and prevent the disease.

Dysregulated balance in Th17/Treg axis of Pristane-induced lupus mouse model, are mesenchymal stem cells therapeutic?

Background: Despite advances in general and targeted immunosuppressive therapies, limiting all mainstay treatment options in refractory systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) cases has necessitated the development of new therapeutic strategies. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have recently emerged with unique properties, including a solid propensity to reduce inflammation, exert immunomodulatory effects, and repair injured tissues.

Methods: An animal model of acquired SLE mice was induced via intraperitoneal immunization with Pristane and affirmed by measuring specific biomarkers.

peel supplementation attenuates cognitive deficits and brain injury in rat by targeting the Nrf2-HO-1 pathway.

The critical role of nutrition to prevent neurodegenerative disorders is well documented. fruit is identified as a highly nutritional food for alleviating various ailments. The ameliorating properties of peel on memory dysfunction and the possible roles of oxidative stress, acetylcholinesterase (AchE), and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-heme oxygenase (HO)-1 pathway in the scopolamine-treated rats were assessed.

Evaluation of cytokine levels as possible predicting elements in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the patterns of serum cytokines in chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients at baseline and post-chemotherapy and investigate their association with response to treatment and chronic lymphocytic leukemia prognosis.

Methods: Blood samples were taken from 32 subjects at their first medical visit after being diagnosed with chronic lymphocytic leukemia and 1 year after chemotherapy. Then, levels of cytokines and blood parameters in peripheral blood were measured.

Boswellic acids as promising agents for the management of brain diseases.

Boswellic acid (BA)s are pentacyclic triterpenic acids present in gum resin of Boswellia species (such as B. serrata and B. carterii).

Evaluation of the immunoregulatory effect of Dicrocoelium dendriticum eggs on inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in EAE model.

Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is an appropriate model for the study of the immunologic and pathologic mechanisms in multiple sclerosis (MS). According to the hygiene hypothesis, helminths can improve immunoregulation and have therapeutic effects on immune-mediated diseases. In this study, we used Dicrocoelium dendriticum (Dicrocoeliidae, Platyhelminthes) eggs for the evaluation of their prophylactic and treatment effects on EAE disease.

Comparative assessment of proliferation and immunomodulatory potential of Hypericum perforatum plant and callus extracts on mesenchymal stem cells derived adipose tissue from multiple sclerosis patients.

Background: Mesenchymal stem cells-derived adipose tissue (AT-MSCs) are recognized for the treatment of inflammatory diseases including multiple sclerosis (MS). Hypericum perforatum (HP) is an anti-inflammatory pharmaceutical plant with bioactive compounds. Plant tissue culture is a technique to improve desired pharmacological potential.

Dicrocoelium ova can block the induction phase of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.

Aims: This study aimed at investigating the impact of Dicrocoelium ova on experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) treatment in C57BL6 mice.

Methods And Results: Twenty-eight C57BL/6 mice were assigned into four groups as PBS, prophylaxis (P), treatment1 (T1) and treatment2 (T2). Prior to induction of EAE in prophylaxis group and on days 7 and 18 in T1 and T2 groups, respectively, Dicrocoelium eggs were injected intraperitoneally to each mouse.

Chemical Composition and Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, and Antiproliferative Activities of Bark Essential Oil.

This study examines the chemical constituents, antioxidant potential, antibacterial mechanism, and antiproliferative activity of bark essential oil. The compositions of the oil were analyzed by GC-MS, and the major constituents were found to be ()-cinnamaldehyde (71.50%), linalool (7.

Evaluation of Serum Substance P Level in Chronic Urticaria and Correlation with Disease Severity.

Substance P (SP) is a neurotransmitter emitted from neurons that plays a role in the pathogenesis of itching conditions including chronic urticarial (CU). The present research aims to investigate the serum level of S.P among CU patients and compare them with healthy subjects and explore how it correlates with the severity of urticaria.

The immunomodulatory effects of tachykinins and their receptors.

Tachykinins (TKs) are a family of neuropeptides mainly expressed by neuronal and non-neuronal cell types, especially immune cells. Expression of TKs receptors on immune cell surfaces, their involvement in immune-related disorders, and therefore, understanding their immunomodulatory roles have become of particular interest to researchers. In fact, the precise understanding of TKs intervention in the immune system would help to design novel therapeutic approaches for patients suffering from immune disorders.

Immunoregulatory, proliferative and anti-oxidant effects of nanocurcuminoids on adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells.

Curcuminoids are dietary complexes extracted from the seeds of . that contain curcumin, bisdemethoxycurcumin and desmethoxycurcumin. Curcuminoids are popular for their pleiotropic therapeutic functions, such as their anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects.

Novel approaches using mesenchymal stem cells for curing peripheral nerve injuries.

Peripheral nerve injury (PNI) is a common life-changing disability of peripheral nervous system with significant socioeconomic consequences. Conventional therapeutic approaches for PNI have several drawbacks such as need to autologous nerve scarifying, surplus surgery, and difficult accessibility to donor nerve; therefore, other therapeutic strategies such as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) therapy are getting more interesting. MSCs have been proved to be safe and efficient in numerous degenerative diseases of central and peripheral nervous systems.

Acylated and deacylated quillaja saponin-21 adjuvants have opposite roles when utilized for immunization of C57BL/6 mice model with MOG peptide.

Background: The majority of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) suffer from central neuropathic pain (CNP). Using experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model, only a few experiments were performed to assess pain behaviors in MS. To address this issue, complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) was replaced with an acylated triterpene glycoside saponin adjuvant named quillaja saponin-21 (QS-21) to develop CNP in the EAE mouse model.

Various strategies to improve efficacy of stem cell transplantation in multiple sclerosis: Focus on mesenchymal stem cells and neuroprotection.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS) which predominantly affect young adults and undergo heavy socioeconomic burdens. Conventional therapeutic modalities for MS mostly downregulate aggressive immune responses and are almost insufficient for management of progressive course of the disease. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), due to both immunomodulatory and neuroprotective properties have been known as practical cells for treatment of neurodegenerative diseases like MS.

Amelioration of regulatory T cells by Lactobacillus delbrueckii and Lactobacillus rhamnosus in pristane-induced lupus mice model.

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) play an indispensable role in the control of immune responses and induction of peripheral tolerance. Dysregulation of Tregs is involved in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Tolerogenic probiotics have shown beneficial effects in the control of autoimmune diseases.

Effects of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 on IL-17/IL-23 axis, IFN-γ and IL-4 expression in systemic lupus erythematosus induced mice model.

Objectives: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multi-factorial autoimmune disease which may be characterized by T lymphocytes dysfunctions. Th17 cells have been identified as new effector cells, which play an important role in the pathogenesis. In recent years, immunomodulatory effect of vitamin D3 has been noticed.

Assessment of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 effects on Treg cells in a mouse model of systemic lupus erythematosus.

Context: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease which is characterized by the presence of auto-reactive T cell and anti-ds DNA antibodies. Treg cells are crucial for maintaining immunologic self-tolerance and are shown to be reduced in SLE patients. 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 has immunomedulatory effects on the immune system and has recently received substantial attention.