Glasgow Sleep Effort Scale: Translation, Test, and Evaluation of Psychometric Properties of the Persian Version.

Purpose: The purpose of the current study is to translate, test and evaluate the psychometric properties of the Glasgow Sleep Effort Scale (GSES) in Persian language.

Methods: Participants consisted of two samples: a clinical sample of 120 patients (58%) with insomnia disorder meeting DSM-5 criteria for insomnia and a non-clinical sample of 110 participants (42%) with normal sleep. Both samples completed the following measures: GSES, Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index, Insomnia Severity Index, Dysfunctional Beliefs and Attitudes about Sleep Scale-10, Pre Sleep Arousal Scale-cognitive subscale, Depression-Anxiety-Stress Scale-21 and sleep diary.

Validity and reliability of the Persian version of the Insomnia Diurnal Impact Scale (IDIS).

Background: Insomnia disorder is characterized by nighttime and daytime symptoms. The aim of this study was to assess the validity and reliability of a Persian version of the Insomnia Diurnal Impact Scale (IDIS) as a screening tool to evaluate diurnal effects of sleep fragmentation in Iranians.

Methods: Of 300 individuals recruited, 150 had insomnia disorder based on DSM-5 criteria and 150 were good sleepers based on research diagnostic criteria.