Novel Chitosan-Gelatin Scaffold with Valproic Acid Augments In Vitro Osteoblast Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells.

The study aimed to develop a biodegradable scaffold incorporating valproic acid (VPA) for improved human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell (hBMSC) proliferation, differentiation, and bone mineral synthesis. A chitosan-gelatin (CH-G) scaffold was fabricated and loaded with varying concentrations of VPA (1, 3, 5 mM/L). In vitro studies assessed drug release, cell proliferation, morphology, mineralization, and gene expression.

Chitosan-Gelatin Scaffolds Loaded with Different Antibiotic Formulations for Regenerative Endodontic Procedures Promote Biocompatibility and Antibacterial Activity.

Background: This study investigated the biocompatibility and antibacterial efficacy of chitosan-gelatin (CH-G) scaffolds loaded with slow-releasing antibiotic formulations used in regeneration endodontic procedures (REPs).

Methods: Scaffolds were fabricated using freeze drying and loaded with varying concentrations of augmentin or modified triple antibiotic paste (mTAP). High-resolution scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to characterize the scaffold, while drug release was monitored via UV-Vis spectrophotometry.

Outcomes of nonsurgical endodontic treatment under general anesthesia in special health care needs: An observational study.

Background And Aim: The alarming rise in the number of people with special health care needs (SHCNs) necessitates a paradigm shift in how to approach their oral health needs. General anesthesia (GA) is a valuable technique for facilitating dental procedures in patients with SHCNs who may not be able to tolerate treatment without it. The aim was to assess nonsurgical endodontic treatment and outcomes in patients with SHCNs performed under GA.

The Effectiveness of Silver Nanoparticles Mixed with Calcium Hydroxide against : An Ex Vivo Analysis.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to assess the antifungal activity of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in combination with calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)) against ().

Methods: AgNPs was mixed with pure Ca(OH) powder in an aqueous base. A standard suspension (1 × 10 bacterial cells/mL) of was prepared in a 96-well plate and incubated on shaker at 37 °C in 100% humidity to allow fungal biofilm formation in infected dentin slices ( = 98).

High-Glucose Media Reduced the Viability and Induced Differential Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines in Human Periodontal Ligament Fibroblasts.

Hyperglycemic condition in diabetic patients tends to exacerbate periodontitis severity. Thus, the influence of hyperglycemia on the biological and inflammatory response of periodontal ligament fibroblasts (PDLFs) needs to be elucidated. In this study, PDLFs were seeded in media containing glucose concentrations (5.

Bacterial quantity and interleukin-17 expression in necrotic teeth with apical periodontitis from type II diabetic patients.

Unlabelled: Diabetes mellitus (DM) increases the susceptibility to infection. A plausible association between apical periodontitis (AP) and DM has been reported, but the underlying mechanism is not yet elucidated.

Aim: To investigate the bacterial quantity and the expression of interleukin-17 (IL-17) in necrotic teeth with AP in type 2 DM (T2DM), pre-diabetic and non-diabetic control patients.

The Incidence of Retrograde Peri-Implantitis in a Single University Dental Hospital Training Center: A Retrospective Analysis.

: Retrograde peri-implantitis (RPI) is a periapical radiolucent lesion developed around the implant apex. This study aimed to investigate the Incidence of RPI in a single university dental hospital training center. : All records of patients who received single Implants between 2016-2020 were screened.

Silver Nanoparticles Alone or in Combination with Calcium Hydroxide Modulate the Viability, Attachment, Migration, and Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells.

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) alone or in combination with calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)) on the proliferation, viability, attachment, migration, and osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). Different concentrations of AgNPs alone or mixed with Ca(OH) were prepared. Cell proliferation was measured using AlamarBlue, and hMSCs attachment to dentin disks was evaluated using scanning electron microscopy.

Public Awareness of the Association between Periodontal Disease and Systemic Disease.

Periodontal disease is associated with other non-communicable diseases including diabetes mellitus, coronary heart disease and atherosclerosis, hypertension, and respiratory tract infections. This association merits careful study of the general population's awareness level in order to leverage the current state of science to improve general health and quality of life. This study included 502 residents of Saudi Arabia who received computer-assisted interviews to fill up the survey.

Cytokine expression and anti-microbial effectiveness of different calcium hydroxide dilutions: An study.

Aims: To determine the cytokine expression by human gingival fibroblasts in response to different calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)) dilutions and test the effectiveness of these dilutions in root canal dentin infected with Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis).

Methods: UltraCal XS Ca(OH) dilutions were prepared (60, 10, and 1 mg\mL) and co-cultured with gingival fibroblasts for 24 and 48 hours.

Antibiofilm Efficacy of Silver Nanoparticles Alone or Mixed with Calcium Hydroxide as Intracanal Medicaments: An Ex-Vivo Analysis.

Introduction: This study aimed to determine the most effective antibiofilm concentration of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) alone or in combination with calcium hydroxide (Ca[OH]) against Fusobacterium nucleatum biofilm.

Methods: The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of AgNPs alone or with Ca(OH) were determined. Dentin slices were sterilized and inoculated with F.

microbial leakage analysis of polytetrafluoroethylene tape and cotton pellet as endodontic access cavity spacers.

Background: The endodontic spacers are placed between the endodontic appointments or after completion of the endodontic therapy, and until the placement of a definitive restoration.

Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the sealing ability of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) access spacer against microbial leakage and to compare it with that of a cotton pellet.

Materials And Methods: Fifty-two extracted human single-rooted premolars were divided into two experimental groups ( = 20) according to the endodontic spacer; cotton pellet or PTFE tape, and two control groups ( = 6).

Analyzing private dental clinics in Riyadh City, Saudi Arabia.

Aim: To survey private dental clinics and analyze its clinicians in Riyadh city Saudi Arabia.

Materials And Methods: Private dental clinics that had been registered with the Ministry of Health (MOH), Health Affairs System and accepted to participate were included. All clinics were visited to collect data.

Antifungal activity of endosequence root repair material and mineral trioxide aggregate.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to investigate the antifungal activity of Endosequence Root Repair Material (ERRM; Brasseler USA, Savannah, GA) as compared with mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) using Candida albicans.

Methods: All materials were packed into sterilized intravenous tubing to obtain standardized samples and allowed to set for 3 or 24 hours and then exposed to a suspension of C. albicans for incubations of 24 or 48 hours.

Bisphosphonate-associated osteonecrosis of jaw reoccurrence after methotrexate therapy: a case report.

Introduction: Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) is a well-known complication caused by amino-bisphosphonate therapy. We document one case of BRONJ associated with oral administration of methotrexate, a known immunosuppressive drug used to treat rheumatoid arthritis.

Methods: A 66-year-old woman was referred for evaluation and endodontic surgery of recently re-treated tooth 13.

IRF3 polymorphisms induce different innate anti-Theiler's virus immune responses in RAW264.7 macrophages.

Persistent viral infections can lead to disease such as myocarditis. Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV) infects macrophages of SJL/J (H-2s) mice establishing persistent infections leading to demyelinating disease. In contrast macrophages from B10.

Promoter analysis reveals critical roles for SMAD-3 and ATF-2 in expression of IL-23 p19 in macrophages.

IL-23 p19/p40, produced by macrophages and dendritic cells, is critical for development of Th17 in several autoimmune diseases. In this study, bone marrow-derived (BMM) and splenic macrophages (SPM) from SJL/J mice, susceptible to autoimmune demyelinating disease following Theiler's virus (TMEV) infection, expressed IL-23 in response to TMEV. We identified potential binding sites for IFN response factor (IRF)-3 (nt -734 to -731), Sma- and Mad-related protein (SMAD)-3 (nt -584 to -581), activating transcription factor (ATF)-2 (nt -571 to -568), IRF-7 (nt -533 to-525), and NF-kappaB (nt -215 to -209) in the murine p19 promoter.

Human osteogenic protein-1 induces osteogenic differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells harvested from mice.

Objective: Osteogenic protein-1 (OP-1) has been shown to stimulate undifferentiated cells to produce mineralized tissue. Adipose tissue is a rich source of undifferentiated cells for tissue engineering purposes. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of OP-1 on osteogenic differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells and the production of bony tissue in vitro.

TLR3 and TLR7 are involved in expression of IL-23 subunits while TLR3 but not TLR7 is involved in expression of IFN-beta by Theiler's virus-infected RAW264.7 cells.

Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV) infects macrophages and causes demyelinating disease (DD) in certain mouse strains. IL-23 p19/p40 and IFN-beta, which are both expressed by macrophages in response to TMEV, could contribute to or prevent DD. Because TMEV may induce macrophages' cytokines through TLR3 and TLR7 (toll-like receptors), their role in TMEV-induced IL-23 and IFN-beta expression by the RAW264.

Expression of IL-27 p28 by Theiler's virus-infected macrophages depends on TLR3 and TLR7 activation of JNK-MAP-kinases.

Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV) causes a demyelinating disease (DD) due to infection of macrophages, stimulation of macrophage Toll-like receptor (TLR)3 and TLR7 pathways, activation of Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK)s, and production of macrophages cytokines. Because expression of IL-27, a macrophage cytokine composed of p28 and EBI3 subunits, has been implicated in DD, we examined IL-27 subunit mRNA expression during TMEV infection of RAW264.7 cells, a macrophage cell line.