Morphological, pathogenic and genetic diversity in Diplodia seriata associated with black rot canker of apple in India.

Apple cankers are extremely destructive diseases threatening the global apple industry through direct and indirect losses. The population structure of the pathogens is of paramount significance for the development of efficient management strategies. Therefore, phenotypic, pathogenic, and genetic diversity of Diplodia seriata causing black rot canker of apple was investigated in this study.

Potential application of melatonin in reducing boron toxicity in rice seedlings through improved growth, cell wall composition, proline, and defense mechanisms.

Melatonin (MT) has been demonstrated to provide defense against both biotic and abiotic stressors. Boron toxicity (BT) can significantly limit the growth and production of plants. However, few studies have been conducted on whether MT is effective in attenuating B toxicity in different plants.

Effect of nano-silicon on the regulation of ascorbate-glutathione contents, antioxidant defense system and growth of copper stressed wheat ( L.) seedlings.

Copper (Cu) toxicity can inhibit plant growth and development. It has been shown that silicon (Si) can relieve Cu stress. However, it is unclear how Si-nanoparticles (SiNPs) relieve Cu stress in wheat seedlings.

In Vitro Study of the Phytochemical Composition and Antioxidant, Immunostimulant, and Hemolytic Activities of (Ranunculaceae) and Seeds.

The Moroccan flora abounds and is an important reserve of medicinal plants. and are plants that are widely used in traditional medicine for their multiple therapeutic properties. The current study aims to highlight the biological activities that can justify and valorize the use of these plants.

Postharvest dormancy-related changes of endogenous hormones in relation to different dormancy-breaking methods of potato ( L.) tubers.

Development of an efficient and eco-friendly technique to break tuber dormancy in potato ( L.) is highly demanded due to the production of two or more crops annually. Several physiological and hormonal changes have been found to be related to the breaking of tuber dormancy; however, their consistency with genotypes and different protocols have not been well clarified.

Protective Effect of Extract against Potassium Bromate Induced Oxidative Stress and Genotoxicity in Mice.

Despite the commercial value of potassium bromate (KBrO), it has been linked to many diseases including cancer. possesses exceptional ethnobotanical, pharmaceutical, and economic prominence by virtue of its bioactive components. The present study was designed to explore the protective role and antioxidant potential of ethanolic leaves extract of against the oxidative stress, genotoxicity, and apoptosis induced by KBrO in an experimental animal model.

Green sonochemical synthesis and fabrication of cubic MnFeO electrocatalyst decorated carbon nitride nanohybrid for neurotransmitter detection in serum samples.

The binary nanomaterials and graphitic carbon based hybrid has been developed as an important porous nanomaterial for fabricating electrode with applications in non-enzymatic (bio) sensors. We report a fast synthesis of bimetal oxide particles of nano-sized manganese ferrite (MnFeO) decorated on graphitic carbon nitride (GCN) via a high-intensity ultrasonic irradiation method for C (30 kHz and 70 W/cm). The nanocomposites were analyzed by powder X-ray diffraction, XPS, EDS, TEM to ascertain the effects of synthesis parameters on structure, and morphology.

Assessment of biological activity and UPLC-MS based chromatographic profiling of ethanolic extract of Ochradenus arabicus.

Natural products from wild and medicinal plants, either in the form of crude extracts or pure compounds provide unlimited opportunities for new drug leads owing to the unmatched availability of chemical diversity. In the present study, the cytotoxic potential of crude ethanolic extract of Ochradenus arabicus was analyzed by MTT cell viability assay in MCF-7 adenocarcinoma breast cancer cells. We further investigated its effect against oxidative stress induced by anticancer drug doxorubicin.

Silver nanoparticles synthesized from Adenium obesum leaf extract induced DNA damage, apoptosis and autophagy via generation of reactive oxygen species.

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are an important class of nanomaterial used for a wide range of industrial and biomedical applications. Adenium obesum is a plant of the family Apocynaceae that is rich in toxic cardiac glycosides; however, there is scarce information on the anticancer potential of its AgNPs. We herein report the novel biosynthesis of AgNPs using aqueous leaf extract of A.

Antimicrobial efficacy of green synthesized drug blended silver nanoparticles against dental caries and periodontal disease causing microorganisms.

Development of biologically inspired green synthesis of silver nanoparticles is evolving into an important branch of nano-biotechnology. In the present investigation, we report the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) employing the leaf extract of Justicia glauca. Water-soluble organics present in the leaf extract are mainly responsible for the reduction of silver nitrate (AgNO3) solution to AgNPs.

A simple electrochemical platform based on pectin stabilized gold nanoparticles for picomolar detection of biologically toxic amitrole.

Amitrole is a biologically toxic nonselective herbicide which contaminates surface and ground waters at unprecedented rates. All reported modified electrodes that detect amitrole within sub-micromolar to nanomolar levels were based on the electro-oxidation of amitrole. Herein, we developed a new conceptual idea to detect picomolar concentrations of amitrole based on calcium cross linked pectin stabilized gold nanoparticle (CCLP-GNP) film modified electrode which was prepared by electrodeposition.

Palladium nanoparticles decorated on activated fullerene modified screen printed carbon electrode for enhanced electrochemical sensing of dopamine.

In the present work, an enhanced electrochemical sensor for dopamine (DA) was developed based on palladium nanoparticles decorated activated fullerene-C60 (AC60/PdNPs) composite modified screen printed carbon electrode (SPCE). The scanning electron microscopy and elemental analysis confirmed the formation of PdNPs on AC60. The fabricated AC60/PdNPs composite modified electrode exhibited an enhanced electrochemical response to DA with a lower oxidation potential than that of SPCE modified with PdNPs and C60, indicating the excellent electrooxidation behavior of the AC60/PdNPs composite modified electrode.

Enhanced electrocatalytic oxidation of isoniazid at electrochemically modified rhodium electrode for biological and pharmaceutical analysis.

A simple and sensitive electrochemical method has been proposed for the determination of isoniazid (INZ). For the first time, rhodium (Rh) modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) has been employed for the determination of INZ by linear sweep voltammetry technique (LSV). Compared with the unmodified electrode, the proposed Rh modified electrode provides strong electrocatalytic activity toward INZ with significant enhancement in the anodic peak current.

The changing epitome of species identification - DNA barcoding.

The discipline taxonomy (the science of naming and classifying organisms, the original bioinformatics and a basis for all biology) is fundamentally important in ensuring the quality of life of future human generation on the earth; yet over the past few decades, the teaching and research funding in taxonomy have declined because of its classical way of practice which lead the discipline many a times to a subject of opinion, and this ultimately gave birth to several problems and challenges, and therefore the taxonomist became an endangered race in the era of genomics. Now taxonomy suddenly became fashionable again due to revolutionary approaches in taxonomy called DNA barcoding (a novel technology to provide rapid, accurate, and automated species identifications using short orthologous DNA sequences). In DNA barcoding, complete data set can be obtained from a single specimen irrespective to morphological or life stage characters.

Poly(basic red 9) doped functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes as composite films for neurotransmitters biosensors.

This paper discusses the electrochemical polymerization of basic dye films, which are composed of basic red 9 (BR9), on various electrodes and the enhancement of the electropolymerization by functionalized multiwall carbon nanotubes (f-MWCNTs) modification of the electrode surface. The presence of f-MWCNTs enhances the surface coverage (Γ) and stability. Poly(BR9) films were electrocatalytically active for epinephrine and serotonin oxidation.

An electrocatalytic oxidation and voltammetric method using a chemically reduced graphene oxide film for the determination of caffeic acid.

The present work describes the characterization of a chemically reduced graphene oxide (CRGO) modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) for electrochemical investigation of caffeic acid (CA). Cyclic voltammetry (CV), differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), amperometry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques were used to characterize the properties of the electrode. There was an obvious enhancement of the current response and a decreased over potential for the oxidation of CA.

Detection of real sample DNA at a cadmium sulfide--chitosan/gelatin modified electrode.

Cadmium sulfide (CdS) was combined with chitosan (Chi) and gelatin (Gel) to prepare a CdS-Chi/Gel modified electrode. Chi exhibits a large positive charge density and was to provide a uniform of CdS surface. Gel exhibits high mechanical strength and low toxicity toward mammalian cells, and is non-antigenic biopolymer.

Assessing molecular signature for some potential date (Phoenix dactylifera L.) cultivars from Saudi Arabia, based on chloroplast DNA sequences rpoB and psbA-trnH.

Phoenix dactylifera L. (date palm), being economically very important, is widely cultivated in the Middle East and North Africa, having about 400 different cultivars. Assessment of date cultivars under trading and farming is a widely accepted problem owing to lack of a unique molecular signature for specific date cultivars.

Taxonomic significance of trichomes micromorphology in cucurbits.

Studies on trichomes micromorphology using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) were undertaken in 23 species with one variety under 13 genera of the family Cucurbitaceae (viz., Benincasa hispida (Thunb.) Cogn.