Cohort study on immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated acute kidney injury: Incidence, risk factors, and management strategies.

Introduction: Case studies and retrospective chart reviews of health system data have demonstrated an increased risk of nephrotoxicity in patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors compared to clinical trials. This study investigated the frequency, causes, and risk factors for acute kidney injury in a real-world, rural setting.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of patients who received at least one dose of a checkpoint inhibitor at a rural health system from May 2013 to February 2020 and who received at least one dose of a checkpoint inhibitor.

Interdisciplinary Deprescribing of Aspirin Through Prescriber Education and Provision of Patient-Specific Recommendations.

Background: Inappropriate aspirin use can lead to increased frequency of bleeding events and poor patient outcomes.

Objectives: Compare current aspirin prescribing to guideline recommendations and analyze the impact of pharmacist education for clinicians with provision of patient-specific recommendations.

Methods: Internal medicine residents received 1 educational session on appropriate aspirin use.

Psychological Well-Being and Coping Strategies among Pakistani Heads of Households during COVID-19 Pandemic: An Online Survey.

Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) pandemic can affect mental health. Heads of the household are at higher risk of this effect because of their financial and social responsibilities. This study aimed to assess the psychological well-being and its associated factors during the COVID-19 pandemic among heads of households in Pakistan.

Assessment of knowledge and foot self-care practices among diabetes mellitus patients in a tertiary care centre in Makkah, Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional analytical study.

Introduction: diabetic foot is a common long-term complication of uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. Knowledge about foot self-care practices among diabetic patients in Saudi Arabia is limited. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the level of patients´ knowledge and practices regarding self-care of diabetic foot among diabetic patients.

Novel insights into the substrate involved in maintenance of ventricular fibrillation: results from continuous multipolar mapping in a canine model.

Background: While the triggers for ventricular fibrillation (VF) are well-known, the substrate required for its maintenance remains elusive. We have previously demonstrated dynamic spatiotemporal changes across VF from electrical induction of VF to asystole. Those data suggested that VF drivers seemed to reside in the distal RV and LV.

Ventricular nanosecond pulsed electric field delivery using active fixation leads: a proof-of-concept preclinical study.

Background: Mid-myocardial ventricular arrhythmias are challenging to treat. Cardiac electroporation via pulsed electric fields (PEFs) offers significant promise. We therefore tested PEF delivery using screw-in pacemaker leads as proof-of-concept.

Safety and efficacy outcomes of atrial fibrillation ablation in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an immune-mediated inflammatory disease associated with atrial fibrillation (AF) and stroke.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of AF ablation in patients with RA.

Methods: All patients with RA undergoing AF ablation at our institution from 2010 to 2021 were propensity matched to patients without RA using 9 baseline characteristics.

Gender Difference In Awareness And Behaviours Of Medical And Dental Students About Corona Virus Disease (Covid-19) In Pakistan.

Background: Medical and dental students are the future of health workforce and a potential volunteer pool in the COVID-19 crises. This study aimed to assess the level and gender differences in the awareness, attitude and behaviours of medical and dentals students about COVID-19 in Pakistan.

Methods: An online cross-sectional survey was conducted among medical and dental undergraduate students in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province.

Impact Of The COVID-19 Pandemic On Quality Of Life Of Health Care Workers In Pakistan.

Background: Health care workers (HCWs) working on frontlines in COVID-19 pandemic are highly vulnerable to deteriorating physical and mental health. The quality of life of health care workers plays an important role in their skilful delivery of work. Our study assesses their quality of life (QOL) during COVID-19 pandemic so that appropriate measures can be taken to improve their well-being.

Single-Dose Intraprocedural Steroid Administration Does Not Impact Early Atrial Fibrillation Recurrence.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of single-dose intravenous dexamethasone on atrial fibrillation (AF) recurrence following radiofrequency catheter ablation.

Methods: A cohort of 84 adult patients (> 18 years) underwent catheter ablation at Mayo Clinic Rochester from January to March 2019. Only first-time ablation patients were included, with all re-do ablations excluded to minimize heterogeneity.

Impact of Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Pandemic on Psychological Well-Being of the Pakistani General Population.

In order to curb the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the countries took preventive measures such as lockdown and restrictions of movements. This can lead to effects on mental health of the population. We studied the impact of COVID-19 on psychological well-being and associated factors among the Pakistani general population.

Factors associated with quality of life among joint and nuclear families: a population-based study.

Background: Advantages and disadvantages associated with joint and nuclear family systems can affect quality of life (QOL). However, there is scarcity of literature about QOL among joint and nuclear family systems. This study aimed to assess the factors associated with QOL in joint and nuclear family systems.

Psychometric properties of the Urdu version of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) among pregnant women in Abbottabad, Pakistan.

Background: The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) is a widely used instrument to measure anxiety and depression symptoms.

Aims: This study aimed to translate, validate and test the applicability of the Urdu version of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS/UV) among pregnant women.

Methods: The original English version of the HADS was translated into Urdu by three bilingual experts and retranslated to English using the forward-backward approach.

Spinal epidural abscess due to infection.

() is a gram-negative coccobacillus that comprises the normal oral, upper respiratory, and gastrointestinal flora of many wild and domestic animals. Disease transmission primarily occurs via animal bites, scratches, and licks on broken skin. most commonly causes skin and soft tissue infection and local abscess formation; however, we report a unique case of spinal epidural abscess due to infection in a patient with a history of recent epidural steroid injection and repeated cat bites.

Calcium Channel Blocker Toxicity Causing Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Commonly Used Drug Triggering a Life-Threatening Condition.

Introduction: Calcium channel blockers (CCBs) are commonly used but have the potential to cause substantial toxicity. One such underreported toxicity of CCB use is the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).

Case Presentation: 44-year-old previously healthy woman presented to the emergency department (ED) having taken 60 tablets of 125 mg extended-release verapamil and 90 tablets of 0.

Prior Heart Failure Hospitalization and Outcomes in Patients with Heart Failure with Preserved and Reduced Ejection Fraction.

Background: A prior hospitalization resulting from heart failure is associated with poor outcomes in ambulatory patients with heart failure. Less is known about this association in hospitalized patients with heart failure and whether it varies by ejection fraction.

Methods: Of the 25,345 hospitalized patients in the Medicare-linked OPTIMIZE-HF registry, 22,491 had known heart failure, of whom 7648 and 9558 had heart failure with preserved (≥50%) and reduced (≤40%) ejection fraction (HFpEF and HFrEF), respectively.

Variation In Haematological Profile Of Pregnant Women Attending Combined Military Hospital Quetta.

Background: World Health Organization recommends eight antenatal visits throughout pregnancy. Along with full blood count and fasting blood sugar tests, thirty-nine recommendations are given. The objective of this study was to find out significance of difference in haematological profile of pregnant women.

Assessing the quality of life among Pakistani general population and their associated factors by using the World Health Organization's quality of life instrument (WHOQOL-BREF): a population based cross-sectional study.

Background: Measuring quality of life (QOL) in a population is important for the predictions of health and social care needs. In Pakistan, health related quality of life data exist but there are no quality of life data of general population. In this study, quality of life was assessed among the Pakistani general population and their associated factors by using the World Health Organization's quality of life instrument (WHOQOL-BREF).

Differential achievements in childhood immunization across geographical regions of Pakistan: analysis of wealth-related inequality.

Background: Childhood immunization is one of the most cost-effective interventions for child health. Still, many children are not able to receive completed immunization status. Wealth - related inequality in immunization is considered a major reason for equitable coverage of immunization in Pakistan.

Computer-Aided Surgical Simulation in Head and Neck Reconstruction: A Cost Comparison among Traditional, In-House, and Commercial Options.

Background:  Computer-aided surgical simulation (CASS) has redefined surgery, improved precision and reduced the reliance on intraoperative trial-and-error manipulations. CASS is provided by third-party services; however, it may be cost-effective for some hospitals to develop in-house programs. This study provides the first cost analysis comparison among traditional (no CASS), commercial CASS, and in-house CASS for head and neck reconstruction.

Efficacy And Safety Of Interlocked Intramedullary Nailing For Open Fracture Shaft Of Tibia.

Background: Due to increasing population and changing human habits the number of accidents and high energy trauma is rising. Management of open fracture tibia is a complex problem and is a challenge for both orthopaedic and plastic surgeons. The study was carried out to ascertain the efficacy and safety of interlocked intra-medullary nailing for open shaft tibial fractures in patients presenting at or after 24hr of injury.

SUCCESSFUL TREATMENT OF MULTIDRUG-RESISTANT ACINETOBACTOR BAUMANII BLISTERS ON THE KNEE.

Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii), nosocomial infections, especially those due to multi-drug resistant (MDR) strains, are increasingly detected. This study reports the case of a 50-year-old man with blisters on the right knee for 8 months, first admitted through the outpatient department for incisional biopsy.

EARLY RESPONSE OF LOCAL STEROID INJECTION VERSUS MINI INCISION TECHNIQUE IN TREATMENT OF CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME.

Background: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is one of the commonest peripheral neuropathies which effects mainly middle aged women. Different techniques are being tried to decrease the postoperative pain in patients operated for CTS. The objective of this study was to compare effectiveness of local injection of steroid and mini incision technique in the treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome.

INSPIRATION FOR SMOKING AMONG MEDICAL STUDENTS OF ABBOTTABAD, PAKISTAN.

Background: Doctors are the best person to persuade their patients to quit smoking. Trend of smoking among young doctors is increasing day by day. The present study was conducted to observe the source of inspiration and smoking trends among medical students.