Dehydration Accelerates Cytogenesis and Cyst Growth in Pkd1 Mice by Regulating Macrophage M2 Polarization.

Adult autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) has been shown to be related as a "third hit" to the occurrence of acute or chronic kidney injury. Here, we examined whether dehydration, as a common kidney risk factor, could cause cystogenesis in chronic-onset Pkd1 mice by regulating macrophage activation. First, we confirmed that dehydration accelerated cytogenesis in Pkd1 mice and that macrophages infiltrated the kidney tissues even earlier than macroscopic cyst formation.

Correction: Reactions of [60]fullerene with alkynes promoted by OH.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1039/D2RA01300B.].

The role of the complement factor B-arginase-polyamine molecular axis in uremia-induced cardiac remodeling in mice.

The role of complement system in heart diseases is controversial. Besides, the mechanisms by which complement components participate in cardiac remodeling (CR) and heart failure during uremia are unclear. In this study, 5/6 nephrectomy was performed to adult mice to establish the uremic model and CR deteriorated over the course of uremia.

Synthesizing 1,23-C Adducts with Improved Efficiency: A Type of Stable and Highly Soluble C Derivatives.

In addition to the 1,9- and 1,7-C adducts, the 1,23-C adducts are an important type of C derivatives, where the property of the fullerene compounds is significantly affected by the addition pattern. However, much less is known on the adducts due to the less availability of the compounds. Herein, the hydroxide-promoted reactions of C with 2-alkylmalonates are reported, which produce the 1,23-C adducts with improved efficiency.

Facile Fabrication of Hierarchical rGO/PANI@PtNi Nanocomposite via Microwave-Assisted Treatment for Non-Enzymatic Detection of Hydrogen Peroxide.

A hierarchical composite based on the modified reduced graphene oxide with platinum-nickel decorated polyaniline nano-spheres (rGO/PANI@PtNi) was facilely prepared via microwave-assisted self-reduction for an application in nonenzymatic hydrogen peroxide (HO) detection. Compared to the pristine rGO, the composite exhibited a much tougher surface due to the stacking of conductive PANI nano-spheres on rGO sheets, leading to good dispersion of PtNi nanoparticles and a large active area. Furthermore, the multi-valance Ni in the PtNi particles effectively promoted the catalytic property of Pt sites and facilitated a superior electrochemical performance of PtNi alloy than that of neat Pt.

Highly Efficient Polydopamine-coated Poly(methyl methacrylate) Nanofiber Supported Platinum⁻nickel Bimetallic Catalyst for Formaldehyde Oxidation at Room Temperature.

We fabricated one fibrous-membrane type of flexible and lightweight supported catalyst via loading platinum-nickel nanoparticles (PtNi NPs) directly on the polydopamine-coated polymethylmethacrylate electrospun-fibers (PMMA@PDA). The polymer support with the PDA layer provided numerous active sites, leading to well-monodispersed and sized PtNi NPs on the nanofibers. Through the rational design of PtNi NPs, the resultant catalyst system exhibited 90% conversion for decomposing HCHO (10 ppm) at room temperature with only a low dosage (0.

Synthesis of (MeO)BnC: Regiochemistry of 2-fold Additions to C with Addends That Are Preferential for Ortho Addition and Capable of Para Addition.

Three C tetraadducts, 2,10-(MeO)-5,9-BnC (6), 1,56-Bn-2,57-(MeO)C (7, 2 o'clock isomer), and 1,41-Bn-2,58-(MeO)C (8, 12 o'clock isomer), were obtained from the reaction of C with MeO and BnBr (benzyl bromide). The structures of 6-8 were resolved via single-crystal X-ray diffraction and spectroscopic characterizations. Computational calculations on the electrophilic Fukui functions f, the stability of reaction intermediates, and activation barriers for the key processes of the reaction were performed to rationalize the regioselectivity of the reaction.

Methoxylation of Singly Bonded 1,4-1',4'-BnC60-C60Bn Dimer: Preferential Formation of 1,4-C60 Adduct with Sterically Less Demanding Addends and Stability Difference between 1,2- and 1,4-OMe(Bn)C60.

Methoxylation of the singly bonded 1,4-1',4'-BnC60-C60Bn dimer afforded 1,4-OMe(Bn)C60, a 1,4-C60 adduct with sterically less demanding addends, as the major adduct. The situation was different from that of direct functionalization of C60, where 1,2-OMe(Bn)C60 was obtained as the major product. The reaction was studied with in situ vis-NIR spectroscopy and computational calculations to obtain a better understanding of this unusual regioselectivity.

Clinical Characteristics and Renal Histology in Pediatric Patients with Hypertension and Prehypertension Secondary to IgA Nephropathy.

Background/aim: It has been shown that hypertension (HT) and prehypertension (Pre-HT) are associated with increased cardiovascular risk. However, the significance of secondary HT/Pre-HT in children with IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is uncertain. This study aimed to examine the clinical and histopathological features of pediatric patients with HT/Pre-HT.

IgG4 anti-phospholipase A2 receptor might activate lectin and alternative complement pathway meanwhile in idiopathic membranous nephropathy: an inspiration from a cross-sectional study.

The deposition of IgG4 of antibodies against phospholipase A2 receptor (anti-PLA2R) is predominating in the kidneys of patients with idiopathic membranous nephropathy, while its predictive value has not been determined. It was a retrospective study, and 438 patients were included. Serum samples of two time points [before intervention (baseline) and after 1.

Evaluating renal biopsy-associated hemorrhage complications by the equation and providing an early intervention: a single-center experience.

Background: The aim was to evaluate the risk for major hemorrhage complications (MHC) prior to percutaneous renal biopsy and apply a specific procedure in high-risk patients to decrease their incidence. Hemorrhage complications that required blood transfusion or other interventions were diagnosed as MHC.

Methods: One retrospective (Group A, n = 1314) and two prospective cohorts (Group B, n = 249 and Group C, n = 422) were involved in the study.

Electronic vs steric effects on the stability of anionic species: a case study on the ortho and para regioisomers of organofullerenes.

The stability of the anionic species of the ortho and para regioisomers of (MeO)BnC(2n) (Me = methyl, Bn = benzyl, n = 30 or 35) has been examined. The results show that the ortho adducts (electronically favored regioisomers) are stable upon receiving one or two electrons, while the para ones (sterically favored adducts) decompose by removing the methoxy group under similar conditions. Computational calculations indicate that the stability of the anionic species is significantly affected by the electronic structure, where the [5,6]-double bond is responsible for the instability of the reduced species of the para adducts.