"Turn-on" fluorescent sensor for glycerol based on hydrazine-bridged bis-tetraphenylimidazole.

Glycerol is an important biological molecule, but no facile and on-site fluorescence sensor for detecting glycerol has been reported up to now. In this work, the organic fluorescent sensor for glycerol was prepared based on hydrazine-bridged bis-tetraphenylimidazole (HBT), which exhibited an excellent "turn-on" blue fluorescence response in detecting glycerol for the first time. The good sensing selectivity for glycerol among all kinds of organic molecules and ions was confirmed with the low detection limitation (LOD=0.

Imidazolium-decorated Bis-cyanostilbene Macrocycle: An Effect Fluorescence Sensor for Pesticide Starane.

Fluorescence sensors for complicated molecules such as pesticides were paid much attention lately due to the merits of simple operation, high sensitivity and selectivity, and in-situ detection. In this work, a novel fluorescent sensor for pesticide starane was prepared based on imidazolium-decorated bis-cyanostilbene macrocycle (IBM). IBM exhibited the obvious "turn-on" fluorescence change from dark blue-green to bright blue after sensing starane with the high sensing selectivity among 28 kinds of guests.

A "turn-on" fluorescent sensor for herbicide quizalofop-p-ethyl based on cyanostilbene-pyridine macrocycle.

Quizalofop-p-ethyl is a widely used herbicide that also poses a risk to human health and environmental safety. However, there is still a lack of simple and in-situ detecting method for quizalofop-p-ethyl so far. In this work, the fluorescent sensor was firstly developed on detection of quizalofop-p-ethyl based on cyanostilbene-pyridine macrocycle (CPM).

Synthesis of 2-(Trifluoromethyl)-[1,2,4]triazolo[5,1-]isoquinoline via Cycloaddition of ,-Cyclic Azomethine Imine with CFCN.

A [3 + 2] cycloaddition of ,-cyclic azomethine imine with in situ-generated CFCN for the construction of 2-(trifluoromethyl)-[1,2,4]triazolo[5,1-]isoquinoline is reported. Remarkably, this process shows a broad substrate scope with excellent functional group tolerance, which is scalable and enables a practical route to a library of 2-(trifluoromethyl)-[1,2,4]triazolo[5,1-]isoquinoline derivatives in moderate to good yields.

"Turn-on" fluorescent sensor for oleanolic acid based on o-phenyl-bridged bis-tetraphenylimidazole.

Fluorescent sensors had been extensively applied on sensing various biomolecules effectively, but no fluorescent sensor for oleanolic acid was presented up to now. In this work, the first fluorescent sensor for oleanolic acid was designed and synthesized based on o-phenyl-bridged bis-tetraphenylimidazole (PTPI). PTPI was prepared by bridging two tetraphenylimidazole units and o-phenylenediamine via Schiff-base condensation in yield of 86%.

A color-change fluorescence sensor for oleanolic acid based on chiral camphanic decorated bis-cyanostilbene.

Although various fluorescent sensors for biomolecules had been extensively reported, the effective fluorescent sensor was seldom reported for detecting oleanolic acid up to now. This work reports the first color-change fluorescence sensor for oleanolic acid based on a bridging bis-cyanostilbene derivative with chiral camphanic groups (C-BCS). C-BCS possessed the chartreuse fluorescence in aqueous media, which transferred to strong blue fluorescence in the presence of oleanolic acid.

An effective long-wavelength fluorescent sensor for Cu based on dibenzylidenehydrazine-bridged biphenylacrylonitrile.

Although numerous fluorescence sensors for Cu have been presented, a long-wavelength sensor in aqueous media has rarely been reported as expected due to practical application requirements. In this work, a novel AIE molecule (DHBB) containing two biphenylacrylonitrile units bridged by dibenzylidenehydrazine was prepared. It possessed the merits of long-wavelength emission, good emission in aqueous media, and multiple functional groups for binding Cu.

An effective dual sensor for Cu and Zn with long-wavelength fluorescence in aqueous media based on biphenylacrylonitrile Schiff-base.

Although some sensors for Cu and Zn had been reported, the sensor with long-wavelength emission in aqueous media for in-situ detecting Cu and Zn was always expected. Herein, a biphenylacrylonitrile Schiff-base (OPBS) with large aromatic conjugated system was designed and synthesized in yield of 82%. OPBS possessed excellent long-wavelength fluorescence at 550-750 nm in aqueous media, which selectively response to sense Cu with quenched fluorescence and Zn with chromotropic fluorescence from red to yellow.

The influence of alkyl lengths on circularly polarized luminescence for non-liquid crystalline binaphthol-based cyanostilbene.

In previous studies, the increasing alkyl length of liquid crystalline molecules enhanced the chiral transfer and resulted in better CPL performance. But no work concerned the influence of alkyl lengths on CPL properties for non-liquid crystalline systems. In this research, three R-binaphthol-based cyanostilbene derivatives with various alkyl chains (BC-5, BC-8 and BC-12) were prepared in yields of 60-69%.

Fluorescein-bridged Perylene Bisimide Dimer for Use as Liquid Crystal: Studies on Mesomorphic and Fluorescence Properties.

A novel fluorescein-bridged perylene bisimide (PBI) dimer for liquid crystal (LC) with geometrically symmetric structure was developed. The mesomorphic results indicated that the energetically stable and unstable conformers of fluorescein fragments could lead to the transformation of mesophases from a hexagonal columnar mesophase to an uncertain phase at 136.9 °C in heating, whilst a stable hexagonal columnar mesophase maintained between 175.

An effective fluorescent sensor for ClO in aqueous media based on thiophene-cyanostilbene Schiff-base.

Although some reports on sensing ClO had been presented, the ClO sensor with high selectivity and sensitivity in aqueous media was still expected. Herein, an effective fluorescent sensor for ClO in aqueous media was designed and synthesized by simple procedure based on cyanostilbene derivative (TCS). TCS exhibited strong fluorescence in aqueous media, which could be selectively quenched by ClO among various species.

A simple "turn-on" fluorescence sensor for salicylaldehyde skeleton based on switch of PET-AIE effect.

The selective detection of salicylaldehyde skeleton is of great significance in phytochemistry and biological research but rarely reported. In this research, a simple and highly selective "turn-on" fluorescence sensor (CDB-Am) for salicylaldehyde skeleton was developed based on switch of photoinduced electron transfer (PET) and aggregation-induced emission (AIE). CDB-Am bearing amino-cyanodistyrene structure responded to salicylaldehyde in the range of 3.

"Turn-on" fluorescent sensor for Th in aqueous media based on a combination of PET-AIE effect.

Previously reported fluorescent sensors for Th experienced emission quenching or generated false positive signal upon aggregate formation in aqueous media. Herein, a simple and novel thorium sensor (CDB-BA) based on cyanodistyrene structure was designed and synthesized, which integrated the highly emitting characteristic of AIE effect and off-on response of PET modulation for the first time to construct the "turn-on" fluorescent probe for Th. Besides excellent selectivity, CDB-BA exhibited remarkable fluorescent enhancement which was linearly related to the concentration of Th in the range of 0.

Room-temperature AIE ionic liquid crystals based on diphenylacrylonitrile-imidazole salts.

Although various AIE liquid crystals have been studied, AIE ionic liquid crystals (ILCs) are almost unknown to date. In this work, a series of novel AIE ILCs based on diphenylacrylonitrile-imidazole salts bridged by soft spacers with different anions were prepared in yields of 63-80%. The mesomorphic, photophysical and electrochemical properties were investigated systematically to elucidate the relationship between structures and properties.

Dual-responding circularly polarized luminescence based on mechanically and thermally induced assemblies of cyano-distyrylbenzene hydrogen bonding liquid crystals.

Circularly polarized luminescence controlled by both mechanics and temperature was observed for the first time. The cyano-distyrylbenzene-cholesterol liquid crystals exhibited not only mechanochromism and thermochromism but also mechanically induced and thermally induced circularly polarized.

First fluorescent sensor for curcumin in aqueous media based on acylhydrazone-bridged bis-tetraphenylethylene.

This work designed and synthesized the first organic fluorescent sensor for curcumin in aqueous media based on red-to-green fluorescence change of acylhydrazone-bridged bis-tetraphenylethylene (Bis-TPE). Bis-TPE was prepared by condensation of formyltetraphenylethylene with dihydrazide oxalate in 86% yield. It has the large conjugated electron effect with strong red AIE fluorescence in aqueous solution.

Double-detecting fluorescent sensor for ATP based on Cu and Zn response of hydrazono-bis-tetraphenylethylene.

Although all kinds of sensors with unique detecting ability for one guest were reported, the fluorescence sensor with multiple detecting abilities was seldom presented. This work designed and synthesized a novel AIE fluorescence probe bearing double detecting for ATP based on Cu and Zn response of hydrazono-bis-tetraphenylethylene (Bis-TPE). Bis-TPE was prepared in 82% yield with simple procedure.

A first porphyrin liquid crystal with strong fluorescence in both solution and aggregated states based on the AIE-FRET effect.

Porphyrins are good near-infrared fluorescent materials, but the strong self-assembly stacking resulted in the aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ) effect, limiting their emissive performance in aggregated states. In this work, a novel diphenylacrylonitrile-porphyrin derivative with multiple polyglycol chains on the periphery was designed and synthesized as an excellent near-infrared-emissive liquid crystalline material in both solution and aggregated states, which was first observed for porphyrin liquid crystals. It exhibited a high self-assembly ability with the ordered hexagonal columnar mesophase between 70 and 120 °C approximately.

Exploration in the Mechanism of Action of Licorice by Network Pharmacology.

Licorice is a popular sweetener and a thirst quencher in many food products particularly in Europe and the Middle East and also one of the oldest and most frequently used herbs in traditional Chinese medicine. As a wide application of food additive, it is necessary to clarify bioactive chemical ingredients and the mechanism of action of licorice. In this study, a network pharmacology approach that integrated drug-likeness evaluation, structural similarity analysis, target identification, network analysis, and KEGG pathway analysis was established to elucidate the potential molecular mechanism of licorice.

A fluorescent sensor for folic acid based on crown ether-bridged bis-tetraphenylethylene.

Aggregation-induced emission (AIE) provides a new strategy for preparing fluorescent sensors in aggregated state. In this paper, a series of crown ether-bridged bis-tetraphenylethylene compounds were synthesized in 78-84% yield by a simple procedure. The molecules exhibited excellent AIE properties in THF/H2O solutions and solid films.

Perylene Diimide-Based Electron-Transporting Material for Perovskite Solar Cells with Undoped Poly(3-hexylthiophene) as Hole-Transporting Material.

Perylene diimide-based small molecules are widely used as intermediates of liquid crystals, owing to their high planarity and electron mobility. In this study, tetrachloroperylene diimide (TCl-PDI) was used as a small-molecule replacement for TiO as electron-transporting material (ETM) for planar perovskite solar cells (PVSCs). Among hole-transporting materials (HTMs) for PVSCs, poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) gives the devices the highest stability and reproducibility.

A fluorescent sensor based on aggregation-induced emission: highly sensitive detection of hydrazine and its application in living cell imaging.

Aggregation-induced emission (AIE) molecules eliminate the aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ) phenomenon effectively and exhibit excellent properties of a fluorescent sensor in the aggregated state. In this paper, an allochroic fluorescent sensor based on AIE molecules with a diphenylacrylonitrile structure was prepared in high yield by a simple procedure. This molecule possessed good AIE properties and exhibited a sensitive sensor ability for aliphatic amines with an obvious color change from orange to blue-green.

Perylene bisimide with diphenylacrylonitrile on side-chain: strongly fluorescent liquid crystal with large pseudo Stokes shift based on AIE and FRET effect.

A novel perylene bisimide (PBI) derivative with an AIE-active diphenylacrylonitrile unit positioned at the terminal N-imide position through a flexible spacer has been synthesized and characterized. The DSC, POM and XRD studies confirmed that it could self-assemble into a stable hexagonal columnar liquid-crystalline phase between 56 °C and 160 °C. This PBI derivative also exhibited strong fluorescence in solution, thin film and mesophase based on the cooperative mechanism of AIE and FRET between the diphenylacrylonitrile group and perylene moiety.

Identfication of Potent LXRβ-Selective Agonists without LXRα Activation by In Silico Approaches.

Activating Liver X receptors (LXRs) represents a promising therapeutic option for dyslipidemia. However, activating LXRα may cause undesired lipogenic effects. Discovery of highly LXRβ-selective agonists without LXRα activation were indispensable for dyslipidemia.

Effects of dimethyl carbonate-induced autophagic activation on follicular development in the mouse ovary.

Dimethyl carbonate (DMC) is a widely used industrial chemical, which may be increasingly used in the future. However, its toxicity profile remains largely unknown. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of DMC exposure on the ovaries and the effect of autophagy activation on follicular development.