Spatial modeling, risk mapping, change detection, and outbreak trend analysis of coronavirus (COVID-19) in Iran (days between February 19 and June 14, 2020).

Objectives: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) represents a major pandemic threat that has spread to more than 212 countries with more than 432,902 recorded deaths and 7,898,442 confirmed cases worldwide so far (on June 14, 2020). It is crucial to investigate the spatial drivers to prevent and control the epidemic of COVID-19.

Methods: This is the first comprehensive study of COVID-19 in Iran; and it carries out spatial modeling, risk mapping, change detection, and outbreak trend analysis of the disease spread.

Effect of prolactin and estrogen on the serum level of 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D and FGF23 in female rats.

Introduction: Estrogen and prolactin affect vitamin D metabolism. In conditions such as pregnancy and lactation, their interaction in regulating vitamin D metabolism and circulating FGF23 is not clearly defined. The aim of this study is to investigate this interaction in female rats.

The effect of prolactin itself and in combination with estrogen on bone mineral density in female rats.

Estrogen deficiency induced by hyperprolactinemia can reduce bone mineral density. Hyperprolactinemia through other mechanisms other than estrogen deficiency, with direct effect on the bone might cause bone loss in women. The present study evaluated the effect of prolactin itself and in combination with estrogen on bone mineral density of female rats.

The effect of testosterone itself and in combination with letrozole on bone mineral density in male rats.

Testosterone is an essential hormone to maintain bone integrity; however, the effect of aromatase enzyme in androgen-induced bone maintenance remains somewhat unclear. The present study evaluated the effect of testosterone itself and combined with letrozole, an aromatase inhibitor, on bone mineral density of male rats. Total of 48 male rats were divided into 4 equal groups (n = 12/group); sham group, O: orchiectomy, O + T: orchiectomized rats treated with testosterone, O + T + L: orchiectomized rats treated with combination of testosterone and letrozole.

No Definite Association between Human Parvovirus B19 Infection and Behçet Disease.

Background: The etiology of the Behçet disease (BD) has remained obscured. There have been studies to show the association of BD to infections like herpes simplex, hepatitis, and parvovirus B19 however, the findings are rather controversial.

Materials And Methods: We selected 55 patients with the best matched symptoms of BD and measured the loads of B19 DNA in their plasma by quantitative real time PCR and verified their seropositivity by ELISA.