Hematological picture of pediatric Sudanese patients with visceral leishmaniasis and prediction of leishmania donovani parasite load.

Background: Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a systemic protozoan infection caused by () and transmitted by sand flies, causing macrophage invasion in the liver, spleen, and bone marrow. Diagnosis of VL is currently based on clinical signs, symptoms, and specific markers and bone marrow investigations. However, VL's specific hematological and bone marrow manifestation in Sudanese pediatric patients is not well studied.

Class II Transactivator Gene () Variants Associated with Bare Lymphocyte Syndrome II in a Female Sudanese Patient.

Introduction: Inborn errors of immunity (IEI) are disorders that present a health issue, especially in developing countries where there is a high rate of consanguineous marriages and an increasing rate of diagnosis. One of these disorders is Bare Lymphocyte Syndrome II (BLS II) which is a rare and genetically complex disease that has high morbidity and mortality. The exact genotypic and phenotypic characteristics are still poorly characterized especially in developing countries.

Unintentionally retained lap sponge mimicking an ovarian cyst two years after Caesarean section in a 37-year old patient: case report of a rare "never event" in Sudan.

Introduction: This case report reports an unusual occurrence of gossypiboma, which refers to the accidental retention of surgical materials like sponges in the peritoneal cavity. The term is derived from "gossypium" (cotton) and "boma" (place of concealment). Its incidence varies with surgical type, posing diagnostic challenges due to nonspecific symptoms and equivocal imaging.

Vesical ectopic pregnancy due to vesicouterine fistula: A case report with literature review.

This case report describes the presentation, diagnosis, and surgical management of a rare vesical ectopic pregnancy in a 36-year-old woman with a history of multiple cesarean sections. The patient presented with symptoms of suprapubic pain, fever, and amenorrhea. An initial ultrasound indicated retained products of conception, leading to a preliminary diagnosis of septic miscarriage.

The educational value of ward rounds as a learning and teaching opportunity for house officers, medical officers, and registrars in Sudanese hospitals: a multi-center cross-sectional study.

Background: Ward rounds are a cornerstone in the educational experience of junior doctors and an essential part of teaching patient care. Here, we aimed to assess the doctors' perception of ward rounds as an educational opportunity and to identify the obstacles faced in conducting a proper ward round in Sudanese hospitals.

Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted from the 15 to the 30 of January 2022 among house officers, medical officers, and registrars in about 50 teaching and referral hospitals in Sudan.

Novel multi epitope-based vaccine against monkeypox virus: vaccinomic approach.

While mankind is still dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic, a case of monkeypox virus (MPXV) has been reported to the WHO on May 7, 2022. Monkeypox is a viral zoonotic disease that has been a public health threat, particularly in Africa. However, it has recently expanded to other parts of the world, so it may soon become a global issue.

Effectiveness and costs of an implemented primary HPV cervical screening programme in Sweden - A population based cohort study.

Swedish guidelines recommend cervical screening with primary HPV for women ≥ 30 years of age. The aim of this study was to compare an implemented HPV cervical screening programme in the Region of Örebro County from September 1, 2016, with the former cytology-based screening programme. The clinical effectiveness by means of number of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSILs) and cervical cancer cases detected in histology within 12 months after the screening test, together with cost implications were the main outcomes.

Antiparasitic and immunomodulating effects of nitazoxanide, ivermectin and selenium on Cryptosporidium infection in diabetic mice.

The present work aims to investigate the antiparasitic and the immunomodulating effects of nitazoxanide (NTZ) and ivermectin (IVC) alone or combined together or combined with selenium (Se), on Cryptosporidium infection in diabetic mice. The results revealed that the combined NTZ and IVC therapy achieved the highest reduction of fecal oocysts (92%), whereas single NTZ showed the lowest reduction (63%). Also, adding Se to either NTZ or IVC resulted in elevation of oocyst reduction from 63% to 71% and from 82% to 84% respectively.

Induction of labour at 41 weeks of gestation versus expectant management and induction of labour at 42 weeks of gestation: A cost-effectiveness analysis.

Objective: To assess the cost-effectiveness of induction of labour (IOL) at 41 weeks of gestation compared with expectant management until 42 weeks of gestation.

Design: A cost-effectiveness analysis alongside the Swedish Post-term Induction Study (SWEPIS), a multicentre, randomised controlled superiority trial.

Setting: Fourteen Swedish hospitals during 2016-2018.

COVID-19 in Pregnancy and Early Childhood (COPE): study protocol for a prospective, multicentre biobank, survey and database cohort study.

Introduction: There is limited knowledge on how the SARS-CoV-2 affects pregnancy outcomes. Studies investigating the impact of COVID-19 in early pregnancy are scarce and information on long-term follow-up is lacking.The purpose of this project is to study the impact of COVID-19 on pregnancy outcomes and long-term maternal and child health by: (1) establishing a database and biobank from pregnant women with COVID-19 and presumably non-infected women and their infants and (2) examining how women and their partners experience pregnancy, childbirth and early parenthood in the COVID-19 pandemic.

Effective Targeting of Raf-1 and Its Associated Autophagy by Novel Extracted Peptide for Treating Breast Cancer Cells.

Breast cancer is one of the most common causes of death in women worldwide and has harmful influence on their psychological state during therapy. Multikinase inhibitors have become effective drugs for treating a variety of cancer diseases such as breast cancer. A purified short peptide (H-P) was isolated from the natural honey and tested for its potential regulatory role in breast cancer cells compared with the effectiveness of the anticancer drug, Sorafenib (SOR), using MCF-7, EFM-19, and MCF-10A cell lines.

Effect of second-trimester sonographic cervical length on the risk of spontaneous preterm delivery in different risk groups: A prospective observational multicenter study.

Introduction: The aim of the study is to compare the effect of cervical length measured with transvaginal ultrasound in the second trimester on the risk of spontaneous preterm delivery (PTD) between different risk groups of asymptomatic women with a singleton pregnancy.

Material And Methods: This is a pre-planned exploratory analysis of the CERVIX study, a prospective blinded multicenter diagnostic accuracy study. Asymptomatic women with a singleton pregnancy were consecutively recruited at their second-trimester routine ultrasound examination at seven Swedish ultrasound centers.

Efficacy and safety of oral misoprostol vs transvaginal balloon catheter for labor induction: An observational study within the SWEdish Postterm Induction Study (SWEPIS).

Introduction: Induction of labor is increasing. A common indication for induction of labor is late term and postterm pregnancy at 41 weeks or more. We aimed to evaluate if there are any differences regarding efficacy, safety, and women's childbirth experience between oral misoprostol and transvaginal balloon catheter for cervical ripening in women with a low-risk singleton pregnancy and induction of labor at 41 to 42 weeks of gestation.

An annotated checklist of Coccinellidae (Insecta, Coleoptera) with eight new records from the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

The members of Coccinellidae are among the most important biological control agents being used throughout the world. The objective of this study was to provide the current scenario of this family in Saudi Arabia. Collection surveys of ladybird individuals were conducted throughout Saudi Arabia.

Increasing prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus when implementing the IADPSG criteria: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Aims: Quantify the proportional increase in gestational diabetes (GDM) prevalence when implementing the new International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups (IADPSG) criteria compared to prior GDM criteria, and to assess risk factors that might affect the change in prevalence.

Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed of cohort and cross-sectional studies between January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2018 among pregnant women with GDM using IADPSG criteria compared to, and stratified by, old GDM criteria. Web of science, PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane, Open Grey and Grey literature reports were included.

The impact of l-arginine supplementation on the enteral phase of experimental infection in treated and untreated mice.

The role of nitric oxide (NO) in the immunopathological response during () infection remains controversial. The amino acid, l-arginine is a NO precursor commonly used by athletes and bodybuilders as a protein supplement. As to our knowledge, there are no published studies which have tested the effect of l-arginine on the intestinal phase of experimental trichinellosis.

Do Women with Diabetes Need More Intensive Action for Cardiovascular Reduction than Men with Diabetes?

Purpose Of Review: This narrative review makes the case for greater efforts to reduce cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in women with diabetes.

Recent Findings: In a recent meta-analysis including five CVOTs of diabetes medications with 46,606 subjects, women (vs men) with type 2 diabetes had a higher relative risk for stroke (RR 1.28; 95% CI 1.

Second-trimester transvaginal ultrasound measurement of cervical length for prediction of preterm birth: a blinded prospective multicentre diagnostic accuracy study.

Objective: To estimate the diagnostic performance of sonographic cervical length for the prediction of preterm birth (PTB).

Design: Prospective observational multicentre study.

Setting: Seven Swedish ultrasound centres.

Anti-HCV prevalence and risk factor-based screening for hepatitis C in pregnant women and their partners in Sweden.

Background: The hepatitis C virus (HCV) prevalence in Sweden is estimated to be <0.5%, but unclear in pregnant women. The dominating route of transmission is drug use (DU), blood transfusions constituted a risk before 1992.

Audiological assessment of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia.

Object: To evaluate the hearing of infants with history of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia using ABR.

Methods: A prospective randomized study carried on 100 infants whose hearing was assessed by ABR. Infants were allocated into two groups; case group which involve 60 infants with history of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia (bilirubin more than17 mg/dl and less than 30 mg/dl) and control group involve 40 healthy infants.

Second trimester cervical length measurements with transvaginal ultrasound: A prospective observational agreement and reliability study.

Introduction: Universal screening for preterm delivery by adding transvaginal ultrasound measurement of cervical length to routine second trimester ultrasound has been proposed. The aim is to estimate inter- and intraobserver agreement and reliability of second trimester transvaginal ultrasound measurements of cervical length performed by specially trained midwife sonographers.

Material And Methods: This is a prospective reliability and agreement study performed in seven Swedish ultrasound centers.

Diagnosis of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus with Point-of-Care Methods for Glucose versus Hospital Laboratory Method Using Isotope Dilution Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry as Reference.

Background: In Sweden, both glucose analyzers in accredited laboratories and point-of-care glucose devices are used for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) diagnosis. The aim of this study was to compare the diagnostic performance of the HemoCue Glucose 201+ (HC201+) and RT (HC201RT) systems with that of the hospital central laboratory hexokinase method (CL) based on lyophilized citrate tubes, using the isotope dilution gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (ID GC-MS) as reference.

Methods: A 75 g oral glucose tolerance test was performed on 135 women screened positive for GDM.

Trends in pregnancy outcomes for women with gestational diabetes mellitus in Sweden 1998-2012: a nationwide cohort study.

Aim: To assess whether incidence of maternal and neonatal outcomes for women with or without gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) have changed over time.

Methods: Population-based cohort study in Sweden including all singleton pregnancies over the period 1998-2012. GDM was diagnosed following Diabetic Pregnancy Study Group 1991 criteria.