Spinal arachnoid diverticula in cats: Clinical presentation, diagnostic imaging findings, treatment, and outcome.

Background: Spinal arachnoid diverticulum (SAD) is considered a rare disease in cats. Previous reports mainly classified SAD in cats as acquired.

Hypothesis/objectives: The aim of this study was to describe the signalment, clinical presentation, diagnostic imaging findings, and outcome in a group of cats with SAD.

(L.) Hill extracts: phytochemical characterization and exploitation of its biological activities by loading into nanoformulation.

Introduction: The current investigation presents a two-fold approach to rediscovering the potential of as a wild edible plant, both in its raw extract form and as a nanoformulated product. Furthermore, the study aimed to promote the valorization of traditional dishes and contribute to biodiversity conservation and sustainable use of , thus enhancing economic profits.

Methods: Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analyses were conducted to characterize the metabolite profile of the raw and cooked leaf extracts, and the extract from discarded leaves.

Correction: Bellu et al. Smart Nanofibers with Natural Extracts Prevent Senescence Patterning in a Dynamic Cell Culture Model of Human Skin. 2020, , 2530.

In the original publication [...

Corticosteroid monotherapy versus combined cytarabine continuous rate infusion and corticosteroid therapy in dogs with meningoencephalitis of unknown origin: A blinded, randomized, controlled trial.

Background: Treatment options available for meningoencephalitis of unknown origin (MUO) in dogs are suboptimal, and currently, no single treatment protocol appears to be superior.

Objectives: Compare neurological deterioration rates at 7 days between dogs with MUO treated with corticosteroids alone or combined with cytosine arabinoside (CA) continuous rate infusion (CRI) and compare clinical deterioration and survival at 30 and 100 days.

Animals: Sixty-nine dogs with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) features or both compatible with MUO.

Statistical Evaluation of ERG Responses: A New Method to Validate Cycle-by-Cycle Recordings in Advanced Retinal Degenerations.

Purpose: To describe and evaluate a novel method to determine the validity of measurements made using cycle-by-cycle (CxC) recording techniques in patients with advanced retinal degenerations (RD) having low-amplitude flicker electroretinogram (ERG) responses.

Methods: The method extends the original CxC recording algorithm introduced by Sieving et al., retaining the original recording setup and the preliminary analysis of raw data.

Phytochemical evaluation and exploration of some biological activities of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of two species of the genus Plantago L.

Plantago major L. and Plantago lagopus L. are cosmopolitan species, belonging to the Plantaginaceae family, used in traditional and modern medicine.

Exploratory focused pharmacogenetic testing reveals novel markers associated with risperidone pharmacokinetics in Saudi children with autism.

Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) encompass a broad range of phenotypes characterized by diverse neurological alterations. Genomic studies have revealed considerable overlap between the molecular mechanisms implicated in the etiology of ASD and genes involved in the pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) pathways of antipsychotic drugs employed in ASD management. Given the conflicting data originating from candidate PK or PD gene association studies in diverse ethnogeographic ASD populations, dosage individualization based on "actionable" pharmacogenetic (PGx) markers has limited application in clinical practice.

Clinical features, MRI findings and outcome of a primary extranodal B-cell lymphoma affecting the tympanic bulla treated with chemotherapy alone.

Case Summary: A 2-year-old neutered female feline leukaemia virus (FeLV)-negative domestic shorthair cat was referred with an acute onset of vestibular signs. A clinical examination identified evidence of otitis externa of the right ear and enlargement of the right mandibular lymph node. MRI revealed predominantly T2 and FLAIR hyperintense and contrast-enhancing lesions affecting the right external ear canal, tympanic bulla and nasopharyngeal regions with intracranial extension.

Polioencephalopathy in Eurasier dogs.

Background: Polioencephalopathies secondary to inborn errors of metabolism have been described in dogs, but few genetically characterized.

Objectives: Clinically and genetically characterize polioencephalopathy in a family of Eurasier dogs.

Animals: Three Eurasier dogs (littermates) presented with early onset movement disorders (9 weeks in 2, 4-6 months in 1).

Nanosuspension-Based Dissolvable Microneedle Arrays to Enhance Diclofenac Skin Delivery.

Applying a formulation on the skin represents a patient-acceptable and therapeutically effective way to administer drugs locally and systemically. However, the stratum corneum stands as an impermeable barrier that only allows a very limited number of drugs to be distributed in the underlying tissues, limiting the feasibility of this administration route. Microneedle arrays are minimally invasive platforms that allow the delivery of drugs within/across the skin through the temporary mechanical disruption of the stratum corneum.

Development of Nanofibers with Embedded Liposomes Containing an Immunomodulatory Drug Using Green Electrospinning.

Conventional treatments for chronic wounds are often ineffective, thus new therapeutic approaches are needed, such as the delivery of immunomodulatory drugs that can reduce inflammation, restore immune cell function, and facilitate tissue regeneration. A potential drug for such an approach is simvastatin, which has major drawbacks including poor solubility and chemical instability. With the aim of developing a dressing for wound healing, simvastatin and an antioxidant were incorporated into alginate/poly(ethylene oxide) nanofibers by green electrospinning without the use of organic solvents, thanks to their prior encapsulation into liposomes.

Synthesis of efficient bi-anchoring bifuran/biphenyl derivatives for dye-sensitized solar cell applications.

The synthesis, description, and demonstration of dye-sensitive solar cell sensitizers containing bifuran/biphenyl derivatives with cyanoacetic acid, barbiturate, thiobarbituric acid, and 4-carboxylcyanoacetamides have been reported. A photovoltaic performance measurement was conducted using the Ru(ii) dye N3 as a reference to examine the effects of different electron acceptor units and replacement of the π-spacer bifuran by biphenyl units on the photophysical, electrochemical, and photovoltaic properties of eight new distinct organic dyes HB-1-8. The new organic dyes HB-1-8 were prepared and compared with the N3 metal dye.

PEGylated Liposomes Loaded with Carbamate Inhibitor ANP0903 Trigger Apoptosis by Enhancing ER Stress in HepG2 Cancer Cells.

Liver cancer is one of the most common causes of cancer death worldwide. In recent years, substantial progress has been made in the development of systemic therapies, but there is still the need for new drugs and technologies that can increase the survival and quality of life of patients. The present investigation reports the development of a liposomal formulation of a carbamate molecule, reported as ANP0903, previously tested as an inhibitor of HIV-1 protease and now evaluated for its ability to induce cytotoxicity in hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines.

Skewed X-chromosome inactivation in unsolved neurodevelopmental disease cases can guide re-evaluation For X-linked genes.

Despite major advances in genome technology and analysis, >50% of patients with a neurodevelopmental disorder (NDD) remain undiagnosed after extensive evaluation. A point in case is our clinically heterogeneous cohort of NDD patients that remained undiagnosed after FRAXA testing, chromosomal microarray analysis and trio exome sequencing (ES). In this study, we explored the frequency of non-random X chromosome inactivation (XCI) in the mothers of male patients and affected females, the rationale being that skewed XCI might be masking previously discarded genetic variants found on the X chromosome.

Effect of liposomal formulation of ascorbic acid on corneal permeability.

Ascorbic acid (AA) has a pivotal role in corneal wound healing via stimulating the biosynthesis of highly organized extracellular matrix components, but its rapid degradation and low corneal permeability limits its therapeutic effects. In this paper, we present the pharmacokinetic properties of a liposomal-based formulation of AA in terms of corneal permeation. Chemical stability, shelf-life, and drug release rate of lyophilized liposome (AA-LLipo) formulation was determined in comparison to free-form of AA solution using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and rapid equilibrium dialysis.

Anticancer evaluation and molecular docking of new pyridopyrazolo-triazine and pyridopyrazolo-triazole derivatives.

3-Amino-4,6-dimethylpyrazolopyridine was applied as a precursor for the synthesis of some new pyridopyrazolo-triazine and pyridopyrazolo-triazole derivatives through diazotization, followed by coupling with many 2-cyanoacetamide compounds, ethyl 3-(phenylamino)-3-thioxopropanoate, 3-oxo-N-phenylbutanethioamide, and α-bromo-ketone reagents [namely; 2-bromo-1-(4-fluorophenyl)ethan-1-one, 5-bromo-2-(bromoacetyl)thiophene, 3-(2-bromoacetyl)-2H-chromen-2-one and/or 3-chloroacetylacetone]. The prepared compounds were identified by spectroscopic analyses as IR, H NMR, and mass data. The anticancer activity of these pyrazolopyridine analogues was investigated in colon, hepatocellular, breast, and cervix carcinoma cell lines.

Sustainable Extraction Methods Affect Metabolomics and Oxidative Stability of Myrtle Seed Oils Obtained from Myrtle Liqueur By-Products: An Electron Paramagnetic Resonance and Mass Spectrometry Approach.

Myrtle liqueur production generates high amounts of by-products that can be employed for the extraction of bioactive compounds. Bio-based, non-toxic and biodegradable solvents (ethyl acetate and 2-methyltetrahydrofuran), and a mechanical extraction were applied to myrtle seeds, by-products of the liqueur production, to extract oils rich in phenolic compounds. The oils obtained were characterized for yield, peroxide value (PV), lipid composition, and total phenolic concentration (TPC).

Synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular docking of new triphenylamine-linked pyridine, thiazole and pyrazole analogues as anticancer agents.

A new series of pyridine, thiazole, and pyrazole analogues were synthesized. The pyridone analogues 4a-e were synthesized by treating N-aryl-2-cyano-3-(4-(diphenylamino)phenyl)acrylamides 3a-e with malononitrile. Many 4-arylidene-thiazolidin-5-one analogues 6a-d were obtained by Knoevenagel reactions of 4-(diphenylamino)benzaldehyde (1) with their corresponding thiazolidin-5-one derivatives 5a-d.

Synthesis of Novel Triphenylamine-Based Organic Dyes with Dual Anchors for Efficient Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells.

A new series of metal-free organic dyes (SM1-5) with dual anchors are synthesized for application in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC). Here, a simple triphenylamine (TPA) moiety serves as the electron donor, while di-cyanoacrylamide and di-thiazolidine-5-one units serve as the electron acceptors and anchoring groups. To understand the effect of dye structure on the photovoltaic characteristics of DSSCs, the photophysical and electrochemical properties, as well as molecular geometries calculated from density functional theory (DFT), are used for dyes SM1-5.

Synthesis of innovative triphenylamine-functionalized organic photosensitizers outperformed the benchmark dye N719 for high-efficiency dye-sensitized solar cells.

Herein, we present a thorough photovoltaic investigation of four triphenylamine organic sensitizers with D-π-A configurations and compare their photovoltaic performances to the conventional ruthenium-based sensitizer N719. SFA-5-8 are synthesized and utilized as sensitizers for dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) applications. The effects of the donor unit (triphenylamine), π-conjugation bridge (thiophene ring), and various acceptors (phenylacetonitrile and 2-cyanoacetamide derivatives) were investigated.

Role of the Hydroxyl Radical-Generating System in the Estimation of the Antioxidant Activity of Plant Extracts by Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR).

The scavenging activity of hydroxyl radicals, produced by the Fenton reaction, is commonly used to quantify the antioxidant capacity of plant extracts. In this study, three Fenton systems (Fe/phosphate buffer, Fe/quinolinic acid and Fe/phosphate buffer/quinolinic acid) and the thermal degradation of peroxydisulfate were used to produce hydroxyl radicals; the hydroxyl radical scavenging activity of plant extracts (ginger, blueberry juices and green tea infusion) and chemical compounds (EGCG and GA) was estimated by spin trapping with DMPO (5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide) and EPR (Electron Paramagnetic Resonance) spectroscopy. Phosphate buffer was used to mimic the physiological pH of cellular systems, while quinolinic acid (pyridine-2,3-dicarboxylic acid) facilitates the experimental procedure by hindering the spontaneous oxidation of Fe(II).

Myrtle-Functionalized Nanofibers Modulate Vaginal Cell Population Behavior While Counteracting Microbial Proliferation.

Vaginal infections affect millions of women annually worldwide. Therapeutic options are limited, moreover drug-resistance increases the need to find novel antimicrobials for health promotion. Recently phytochemicals were re-discovered for medical treatment.

Needle-Free Jet Injectors and Nanosuspensions: Exploring the Potential of an Unexpected Pair.

Needle-free liquid jet injectors are medical devices used to administer pharmaceutical solutions through the skin. Jet injectors generate a high-speed stream of liquid medication that can puncture the skin and deliver the drug to the underlying tissues. In this work, we investigated the feasibility of using liquid jet injectors to administer nanosuspensions, assessing the impact of the jet injection on their pharmaceutical and physicochemical properties.