Lost in descent: Complications of cryptorchidism.

Cryptorchidism is a relatively common and important clinical entity and can lead to an array of downstream complications if it is not corrected in a timely manner, most notably with the development of testicular germ cell tumors. However, beyond the development of malignancy, there are other rare complications associated with cryptorchid testicular germ cell tumors which are more commonly seen in females with ovarian germ cell tumors, including torsion, rupture, and paraneoplastic syndromes. Presented is an instructive case (with literature review) of a patient who presented with NMDA encephalitis due to a torsed mixed germ cell tumor of an undescended testis, which subsequently ruptured leading to growing teratoma syndrome.

Ethyl Glucuronide as a Long-term Alcohol Biomarker in Fingernail and Hair. Matrix Comparison and Evaluation of Gender Bias.

Aims: This work aimed to assess the performance of hair and fingernail ethyl glucuronide (EtG) measurement for use as a biomarker of alcohol consumption in persons with known drinking history across a range of drinking behaviours.

Methods: EtG concentrations were assessed from the hair and fingernails of 50 study participants. Alcohol consumption of the previous 90 days was assessed by participant interview using the alcohol timeline follow-back method.