How to make land use policy decisions: Integrating science and economics to deliver connected climate, biodiversity, and food objectives.

Land use change is crucial to addressing the existential threats of climate change and biodiversity loss while enhancing food security [M. Zurek , , 1416-1421 (2022)]. The interconnected and spatially varying nature of the impacts of land use change means that these challenges must be addressed simultaneously [H.

Combined carbon and health taxes outperform single-purpose information or fiscal measures in designing sustainable food policies.

The food system is a major source of both environmental and health challenges. Yet, the extent to which policy-induced changes in the patterns of food demand address these challenges remains poorly understood. Using a survey-based, randomized controlled experiment with 5,912 respondents from the United Kingdom, we evaluate the potential effect of carbon and/or health taxes, information and combined tax and information strategies on food purchase patterns and the resulting impact on greenhouse gas emissions and dietary health.

Does local Natural Capital Accounting deliver useful policy and management information? A case study of Dartmoor and Exmoor National Parks.

Natural capital accounting provides a systematic framework through which to quantify the benefits of natural assets. National-scale applications have demonstrated the feasibility of developing such accounts and their value as a tool to support environmental policy and management decisions. Building on that success, there have been increasing calls for sub-national organisations (for example, protected area authorities and water companies) to develop their own natural capital accounts.

Do we care about sustainability? An analysis of time sensitivity of social preferences under environmental time-persistent effects.

Environmental cost-benefit analysis has traditionally assumed that the value of benefits is sensitive to their timing and that outcomes are valued higher, the sooner in time they occur following implementation of a project or policy. Though, this assumption might have important implications especially for the social desirability of interventions aiming at counteracting time-persistent environmental problems, whose impacts occur in the long- and very long-term, respectively involving the present and future generations. This study analyzes the time sensitivity of social preferences for preservation policies of adaptation to climate change stresses.

Valuing the recreational benefits of wetland adaptation to climate change: a trade-off between species' abundance and diversity.

Climate change will further exacerbate wetland deterioration, especially in the Mediterranean region. On the one side, it will accelerate the decline in the populations and species of plants and animals, this resulting in an impoverishment of biological abundance. On the other one, it will also promote biotic homogenization, resulting in a loss of species' diversity.

Mitochondrial respiratory chain super-complex I-III in physiology and pathology.

Recent investigations by native gel electrophoresis showed the existence of supramolecular associations of the respiratory complexes, confirmed by electron microscopy analysis and single particle image processing. Flux control analysis demonstrated that Complex I and Complex III in mammalian mitochondria kinetically behave as a single unit with control coefficients approaching unity for each component, suggesting the existence of substrate channeling within the super-complex. The formation of this supramolecular unit largely depends on the lipid content and composition of the inner mitochondrial membrane.

Is supercomplex organization of the respiratory chain required for optimal electron transfer activity?

The supra-molecular assembly of the main respiratory chain enzymatic complexes in the form of "super-complexes" has been proved by structural and functional experimental evidence. This evidence strongly contrasts the previously accepted Random Diffusion Model stating that the complexes are functionally connected by lateral diffusion of small redox molecules (i.e.

Aging and smoking increase the frequency of sister-chromatid exchanges (SCE) in man.

The frequency of SCE was determined in lymphocytes of 88 healthy human subjects, not occupationally exposed to known genotoxic agents, who were uniformly distributed in several classes of age (from 16 to 70 years), including an equal number of smokers and non-smokers, and of males and females. Our results indicate that the frequency of SCE increases linearly with age and that smoking enhances the frequency of SCE independently of age and sex.