Blood parameters predicted from milk spectra are candidate indicator traits of hyperketonemia - a retrospective study in the Italian Holstein population.

At the onset of lactation, high-producing dairy cows commonly face a negative energy balance and consequent metabolic disorders, such as hyperketonemia. Blood concentrations of nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA), BHB, cholesterol, glucose and urea provide valuable information about the metabolic, health, and nutritional status of lactating animals. Milk mid-infrared (MIR) spectroscopy has been successfully used for the prediction of several health traits, including concentration of blood metabolites even though the models' accuracy is moderate.

Solvent-free parallel artificial liquid membrane extraction for drugs of abuse in plasma samples using LC-MS/MS.

Background: Parallel artificial liquid membrane extraction (PALME) is a 96-well plate setup variant of liquid-phase microextraction. Basic or acidic analytes are extracted in neutral form from the sample, through a supported liquid membrane (SLM), and into aqueous acceptor. PALME is already considered a green extraction technique, but in the current conceptual work, we sought to make it even greener by replacing the use of organic solvents with essential oils (EO).

Distinguishing the Effects of Water Volumes versus Stocking Densities on the Skeletal Quality during the Pre-Ongrowing Phase of Gilthead Seabream ().

Gilthead seabream () production is a highly valued aquaculture industry in Europe. The presence of skeletal deformities in farmed gilthead seabream represents a major bottleneck for the industry leading to economic losses, negative impacts on the consumers' perception of aquaculture, and animal welfare issues for the fish. Although past work has primarily focused on the hatchery phase to reduce the incidence of skeletal anomalies, this work targets the successive pre-ongrowing phase in which more severe anomalies affecting the external shape often arise.

Development of a Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction for Synthetic Cathinones in Biological Fluids Based on Principles of Green Analytical Toxicology.

The present work describes a practical application of Green Analytical Toxicology (GAT) during the development of an eco-friendly dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) avoiding the use of highly toxic chlorinated solvents that are commonly used in this type of the technique. The purpose was to further consolidate GAT guidelines during method development. Thus, a full method optimization using a multivariate statistical approach and validation were performed.

The mystery behind the apprehensions of the selective cannabinoid receptor type-2 agonist BZO-HEXOXIZID (MDA-19) as a drug of abuse.

Purpose: MDA-19 or BZO-HEXOXIZID (N'-[(3Z)-1-(1-hexyl)-2-oxo-1,2-dihydro-3H-indol-3-ylidene]-benzohydrazide), in a more recent nomenclature, was first synthesized in 2008 as a selective type-2 cannabinoid receptor (CB2) agonist due to its potential to treat neuropathic pain. In Brazil, this substance was identified in a series of 53 apprehensions between September 2021 and February 2022. Nevertheless, what intrigues toxicologists is that BZO-HEXOXIZID does not exert significant type-1 cannabinoid receptor (CB1) agonism-which is responsible for the well-known psychoactivity of Δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol.

Lucy is back in Brazil with a new dress.

Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds, a John Lennon song that was a hit in the 1960s, was born amidst a social context enlightened by lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD). In Brazil, both the drug and the song were very popular at the time, although it gradually mitigated. Nevertheless, while the song remains out of the spotlight, LSD derivatives are currently gaining attention with the rising of the new psychoactive substances (NPS).

What Can Genetics Do for the Control of Infectious Diseases in Aquaculture?

Infectious diseases place an economic burden on aquaculture and a limitation to its growth. An innovative approach to mitigate their impact on production is breeding for disease resistance: selection for domestication, family-based selection, marker-assisted selection, and more recently, genomic selection. Advances in genetics and genomics approaches to the control of infectious diseases are key to increasing aquaculture efficiency, profitability, and sustainability and to reducing its environmental footprint.

Green Analytical Toxicology for the Determination of Cocaine Metabolites.

Brazil is the third largest contributor to Green Analytical Chemistry, and there is significant participation of toxicologists in the development and improvement of environmental techniques. Currently, toxicologists have their own strategies and guidelines to promote the reduction/replacement or elimination of solvents, reduce the impacts of derivatization and save time, among other objectives, due to the peculiarities of toxicological analysis. Thus, this review aims to propose the concept of Green Analytical Toxicology and conduct a discussion about its relevance and applications specifically in forensic toxicology, using the microextraction methods developed for the determination of cocaine and its metabolites as examples.

Dried matrix spots in forensic toxicology.

Dried matrix spots (DMS) has gained the attention of different professionals in different fields, including toxicology. Investigations have been carried out in order to assess the potential of using DMS for the analysis of illicit substances, the main interest of forensic toxicologists. This technique uses minimal volumes of samples and solvents, resulting in simple and rapid extraction procedures.

Health-Related Quality of Life, Family Conflicts and Fear of Injecting: Perception Differences between Preadolescents and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes and Their Mothers.

Good management of diabetes requires at the same time self-regulation behaviour and a balanced involvement of family components. This cross-sectional study's aims were: understanding fear of injections and perceptions of family conflicts in preadolescents and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus and their mothers, comparing their perceptions, and identifying the risk factors impacting patients' quality of life. Eligibility criteria were: treatment for diabetes mellitus type I, currently aged 10-18 years, attending the hospital for annual hospital follow-ups.

Hydroquinone Exposure Worsens Rheumatoid Arthritis through the Activation of the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor and Interleukin-17 Pathways.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) development is strongly associated with cigarette smoke exposure, which activates the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) as a trigger for Th17 inflammatory pathways. We previously demonstrated that the exposure to hydroquinone (HQ), one of the major compounds of cigarette tar, aggravates the arthritis symptomatology in rats. However, the mechanisms related to the HQ-related RA still remain elusive.

The antimicrobial efficacy of remote cold atmospheric plasma effluent against single and mixed bacterial biofilms of varying age.

Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) is a minimal food processing technology of increasing interest in the food industry, as it is mild in nature compared to traditional methods (e.g. pasteurisation) and thus can maintain the food's desirable qualities.

Independent variation in copper tolerance and copper accumulation among crop species and varieties.

Copper (Cu) locally contaminates soils and might negatively affect growth and yield of crops. A better understanding of plant copper tolerance and accumulation is needed in order to breed more Cu-tolerant or Cu-efficient crops. Cu tolerance was evaluated in different varieties of seven species (Brassica carinata, B.

Hydroquinone exposure alters the morphology of lymphoid organs in vaccinated C57Bl/6 mice.

The influenza is a common viral infection that can be fatal, especially in high-risk groups such as children, pregnant women, elderly, and immune-deficient individuals. Vaccination is the most efficient approach to prevent the spreading of viral infection and promote individual and public health. In contrast, exposure to environmental pollutants such as cigarette smoke reduces the efficacy of vaccination.

Ovarian stimulation does not influence the uterine immune environment in healthy infertile women.

Research Question: There is some controversy regarding the impact of ovarian stimulation on immune cells in women undergoing IVF. The study's aim was to determine whether ovarian stimulation affected immune uterine cells in healthy women undergoing IVF.

Design: This prospective cohort study included 28 patients undergoing IVF and 47 healthy oocyte donors.

Proteomic Analysis of Urinary Extracellular Vesicles Reveals a Role for the Complement System in Medullary Sponge Kidney Disease.

Medullary sponge kidney (MSK) disease is a rare and neglected kidney condition often associated with nephrocalcinosis/nephrolithiasis and cystic anomalies in the precalyceal ducts. Little is known about the pathogenesis of this disease, so we addressed the knowledge gap using a proteomics approach. The protein content of microvesicles/exosomes isolated from urine of 15 MSK and 15 idiopathic calcium nephrolithiasis (ICN) patients was investigated by mass spectrometry, followed by weighted gene coexpression network analysis, support vector machine (SVM) learning, and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) to select the most discriminative proteins.

Proteomic Analysis of Urinary Microvesicles and Exosomes in Medullary Sponge Kidney Disease and Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease.

Background And Objectives: Microvesicles and exosomes are involved in the pathogenesis of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. However, it is unclear whether they also contribute to medullary sponge kidney, a sporadic kidney malformation featuring cysts, nephrocalcinosis, and recurrent kidney stones. We addressed this knowledge gap by comparative proteomic analysis.

Surgical Treatment of Anterior Sinus Wall Fracture Due to Sports Accident.

Frontal bone fractures represent a low percentage of craniofacial fractures. However, a systematic approach and a correct diagnosis are essential for successful treatment and maintenance of physiology of the frontal sinus and late complications. The purpose of this study was to report a clinical patient with anterior wall fracture of the frontal due to sports accident sinus that was surgically treated.

Reduced incidence of cardiovascular events in hyper-Lp(a) patients on lipoprotein apheresis. The G.I.L.A. (Gruppo Interdisciplinare Aferesi Lipoproteica) pilot study.

Background: Lipoprotein apheresis (LA) is the elective therapy for homozygous and other forms of Familial Hypercholesterolemia, Familial Combined Hypercholesterolemia, resistant/intolerant to lipid lowering drugs, and hyper-lipoproteinemia(a). Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] has been classified as the most prevalent genetic risk factor for coronary artery disease and aortic valve stenosis.

Aim: Our multicenter retrospective study has the aim to analyze the incidence of adverse cardiovascular events (ACVE) before and during the LA treatment, in subjects with elevated level of Lp(a) (>60 mg/dL) [hyper-Lp(a)] and chronic ischemic heart disease.

Alveolar bone healing in rats: micro-CT, immunohistochemical and molecular analysis.

Introduction: Alveolar bone healing after upper incisor extraction in rats is a classical model of preclinical studies. The underlying morphometric, cellular and molecular mechanism, however, remains imprecise in a unique study.

Objectives: The aim of this study was therefore to characterize the alveolar bone healing after upper incisor extraction in rats by micro computed tomographic (Micro-CT), immunohistochemical and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis.

Immediate Treatment of Complex Mandible Fracture in a Pediatric Patient.

The facial fractures in pediatric patients are rare, and they can need an immediate treatment to recover the function and aesthetic to the young patients. However, the open reduction internal fixation is controversial in pediatrics; it can be effectiveness to treat complex mandible fractures. Therefore, we present a case of a pediatric patient with a complex mandible fracture caused by an auto accident.

Evolocumab and lipoprotein apheresis combination therapy may have synergic effects to reduce low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia: A case report.

A 49 years old woman (weight 68 kg, BMI 27.3 kg/m ) with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HeFH) and multiple statin intolerance with muscle aches and creatine kinase elevation, presented at the Outpatient Lipid Clinic of Verona University Hospital in May 2015. Hypercholesterolemia was firstly diagnosed during adolescence, followed in adulthood by a diagnosis of Cogan's syndrome, a rheumatologic disorder characterized by corneal and inner ear inflammation.

Simplified Access for Reduction and Fixation of a Frontal Bone Fracture.

The frontal bone fractures occur very often in service units in oral and maxillofacial surgery. Bicoronal access is the most common for the surgical treatment of frontal bone fractures. However, patients are surprised when they receive notice that such invasive access will be made.

Bone repair access of BoneCeramic™ in 5-mm defects: study on rat calvaria.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the osteoconductive potential of BoneCeramic™ on bone healing in rat calvaria 5-mm defects.

Material And Methods: A 5-mm calvaria bone defect was induced in three groups and the defect was not filled with biomaterial [Clot Group (CG)], autogenous bone (AG), or Bone Ceramic Group (BCG). Animals were euthanized after 14 or 28 days and the bone tissue within the central area of the bone defect was evaluated.