Shedding of polyomavirus in the saliva of immunocompetent individuals.

The aim of this study was to investigate and compare the frequency of BKV, JCV, WUV, and KIV in the saliva of healthy individuals. Samples were analyzed for the presence of polyomaviruses (BKV, JCV, WUV, and KIV) DNA by real-time PCR. Of the 291 samples tested, 71 (24.

Polymorphism of rotavirus genotype G1 in Brazil: in silico analysis of variant strains circulating in Rio de Janeiro from 1996 to 2004.

The polymorphism of species A rotavirus genotype G1 strains (RVA-G1) circulating in Rio de Janeiro between 1996 and 2004 was evaluated. The VP7 encoding gene of 36 G1 isolates was sequenced and compared to references strains. The deduced amino acid sequences were used as basis for in silico analysis of the VP7 protein.

Detection and characterization of human rotavirus in hospitalized patients in the cities of Ponta Grossa, Londrina and Assai - PR, Brazil.

Unlabelled: Acute diarrheal disease is still one of the major public health problems worldwide. Rotaviruses (RV) are the most important viral etiologic agents and children under five years of age are the target population.

Objective: To investigate the rate of RV infection in hospitalized patients due to acute diarrhea in the cities of Ponta Grossa, Londrina and Assai - Paraná.

Molecular characterization of viruses associated with gastrointestinal infection in HIV-positive patients.

Background: Diarrhea is a major cause of morbidity and mortality among HIV-infected patients worldwide.

Objective: We sought to determine the frequency of viral gastrointestinal infections among Brazilian HIV-infected patients with diarrhea.

Methods: A collection of 90 fecal specimens from HIV-infected individuals with diarrhea, previously tested for the presence of bacteria and parasite was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction and sequence analysis for the presence of enteric viruses such as astrovirus, norovirus, rotavirus groups A, B and C, adenovirus, herpes simplex virus, Epstein-Barr virus, cytomegalovirus, and human bocavirus.

Multiple-gene characterization of rotavirus strains: evidence of genetic linkage among the VP7-, VP4-, VP6-, and NSP4-encoding genes.

A total of 162 rotavirus strains detected between 1996 and 2006 among individuals with diarrhea in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, were analyzed by multiple-gene genotyping. Characterization of strains was done by RT-PCR assay for amplification and typing of the VP7-, VP4-, VP6-, and NSP4-encoding genes. Overall, 139 (85.

Human bocavirus species 2 and 3 in Brazil.

Background: The newly described human bocavirus (HBoV) species 2 and 3 have been repeatedly detected in stool strengthening the possibility that these viruses might present a tropism for the gastrointestinal tract and may be etiological agents of diarrhea.

Objective: In this study we assessed the presence of HBoV2 and HBoV3 in stool specimens from Brazilians with acute gastroenteritis.

Study Design: Stool samples from Brazilian patients with acute diarrhea were analyzed for HBoV2 and HBoV3 by PCR assay.

Human bocavirus infection in children with gastroenteritis, Brazil.

Human bocavirus (HBoV) was detected in 14 (2%) of 705 fecal specimens from Brazilian children with gastroenteritis. Coinfection with rotavirus, adenovirus, or norovirus was found in 3 (21.4%) HBoV-positive specimens.

Astrovirus detection in sporadic cases of diarrhea among hospitalized and non-hospitalized children in Rio De Janeiro, Brazil, from 1998 to 2004.

We analyzed 379 stool samples collected from January 1998 through December 2004, from hospitalized and non-hospitalized children with diarrhea in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. These samples had prior negative results for other enteric viruses and bacterial pathogens. The specimens were analyzed for HAstV detection by RT-PCR.

Antiviral effect of Guazuma ulmifolia and Stryphnodendron adstringens on poliovirus and bovine herpesvirus.

Crude extract (CE) and aqueous (AqF) and ethyl acetate (EtOAcF) fractions of Guazuma ulmifolia Lam., Sterculiaceae and the corresponding AqF, EtOAcF of Stryphnodendron adstringens (Mart.) Coville, Leguminosae were tested for their antiviral activity against poliovirus 1 (P-1) and bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) in HEp-2 cultured cells.

The in vitro antiviral activity of an aliphatic nitro compound from Heteropteris aphrodisiaca.

We investigated the antiviral activity of an aliphatic nitro compound (NC) isolated from Heteropteris aphrodisiaca O. Mach. (Malpighiaceae), a Brazilian medicinal plant.

Use of acridine orange staining for the detection of rotavirus RNA in polyacrylamide gels.

Acridine orange is a metachromatic intercalator used extensively in histochemistry to differentiate double- from single-stranded (ds, ss) nucleic acid by the emission of green and red fluorescence, respectively, under ultraviolet light. In the present study we standardised a protocol in order to use acridine orange to detect rotavirus ds RNA in polyacrylamide gels and compared it to silver and ethidium bromide staining. We demonstrated that the simplest and best condition was attained when gels containing rotavirus ds RNA bands, stained in green, were treated with 4.