Pathophysiology and Prevention of Ventriculostomy-Related Infections: A Review.

This qualitative review aims to summarize current knowledge on ventriculostomy-related infection (VRI) pathophysiology and its prevention. VRI generally occurs at day 10, mainly because of Gram-positive cocci, after a cerebrospinal fluid leak. Skin microbiota and biofilm seem to play a major role in VRI pathogenesis.

Mortality Trend of Severe COVID-19 in Under-Vaccinated Population Admitted to ICU in French Amazonia.

(1) Background: Until December 2021, French Guiana (FG), located in South America, faced four consecutive COVID-19 epidemic waves. This study sought to analyze the mortality trend of severe COVID-19 patients admitted to the referral ICU of FG. (2) Methods: We conducted a prospective, observational, and non-interventional study in ICU at Cayenne Hospital.

Association of Organizational Pathways With the Delay of Emergency Surgery.

Importance: Delayed admission of patients with surgical emergencies to the operating room occurs frequently and is associated with poor outcomes. In France, where 3 distinct organizational pathways in hospitals exist (a dedicated emergency operating room and team [DET], a dedicated operating room in a central operating theater [DOR], and no dedicated structure or team [NOR]), neither the incidence nor the influence of delayed urgent surgery is known, and no guidelines are available to date.

Objective: To examine the overall frequency of delayed admission of patients with surgical emergencies to the operating room across the 3 organizational pathways in hospitals in France.

Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Community-Acquired Urine Bacterial Isolates in French Amazonia.

Bacterial resistance in community-acquired urinary tract infections (UTIs) is increasing worldwide. Our study aimed to assess the microbiological epidemiology and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of community-acquired urine bacterial isolates in French Amazonia. Our study is retrospective.

Impact of Antibiotic Consumption on the Acquisition of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase Producing Carriage during the COVID-19 Crisis in French Guiana.

(1) Background: During the COVID-19 outbreak, several studies showed an increased prevalence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing (ESBL-PE) carriage in intensive care units (ICUs). Our objective was to assess the impact of antibiotic prescriptions on the acquisition of ESBL-PE in ICUs during the COVID-19 crisis. (2) Methods: We conducted an observational study between 1 April 2020, and 31 December 2021, in the medical-surgical ICU of the Cayenne General Hospital.

Clinical outcome of wild-type AmpC-producing Enterobacterales infection in critically ill patients treated with β-lactams: a prospective multicenter study.

Background: β-lactams are the main antibiotics used against wild-type AmpC-producing Enterobacterales (wtAE). However, they may fail or select AmpC-overproducing mutants. Our aim was to assess factors associated with clinical failure of β-lactams in the treatment of wtAE infection.

In-Flight Medical Emergencies Management by Anesthetist-Intensivists and Emergency Physicians.

In-flight medical emergencies (IME) are challenging situations: aircraft cabins are noisy and narrow, medical supplies are scarce, and high-altitude related physiological changes may worsen chronic respiratory or cardiac conditions. The aim of this study was to assess the extent to which anesthetist-intensivists and emergency physicians are aware of IME specificities. A questionnaire containing 21 items was distributed to French anesthetist-intensivists and emergency physicians between January and May 2020 using the mailing list of the French Society of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine and the French Society of Emergency Medicine.

Machine learning-based prediction of emergency neurosurgery within 24 h after moderate to severe traumatic brain injury.

Background: Rapid referral of traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients requiring emergency neurosurgery to a specialized trauma center can significantly reduce morbidity and mortality. Currently, no model has been reported to predict the need for acute neurosurgery in severe to moderate TBI patients. This study aims to evaluate the performance of Machine Learning-based models to establish to predict the need for neurosurgery procedure within 24 h after moderate to severe TBI.

Characteristics of Snakebite-Related Infection in French Guiana.

Wound infection is frequently reported following snakebite (SB). This study is retrospective. It was conducted in the emergency department and the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of Cayenne General Hospital between 1 January 2016 and 31 July 2021.

In vitro study of factors influencing the duration of antimicrobial protection of antimicrobial-impregnated external ventricular drains.

Background: In vitro and clinical studies assessing the duration of the protective activity of antimicrobial-impregnated external ventricular drains (AI-EVDs) gave conflicting results.

Objectives: To identify factors associated with decreased antimicrobial activity of AI-EVDs that were not taken into account in previous in vitro models.

Methods: We performed in vitro experiments with Bactiseal™ AI-EVDs, under different conditions.

Learning from terrorist mass casualty incidents: a global survey.

Background: Reports published directly after terrorist mass casualty incidents frequently fail to capture difficulties that may have been encountered. An anonymised consensus-based platform may enable discussion and collaboration on the challenges faced. Our aim was to identify where to focus improvement for future responses.

Clinical relevance and impact of Corynebacterium isolation in lower respiratory tract of critically ill patients requiring mechanical ventilation.

Purpose: Corynebacterium spp. (C. spp.

Effect of fibrinogen concentrate administration on early mortality in traumatic hemorrhagic shock: A propensity score analysis.

Background: Fibrinogen concentrate is widely used in traumatic hemorrhagic shock despite weak evidence in the literature. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of fibrinogen concentrate administration within the first 6 hours on 24-hour all-cause mortality in traumatic hemorrhagic shock using a causal inference approach.

Methods: Observational study from a French multicenter prospective trauma registry was performed.

Direct transport vs secondary transfer to level I trauma centers in a French exclusive trauma system: Impact on mortality and determinants of triage on road-traffic victims.

Background: Transporting a severely injured patient directly to a trauma center (TC) is consensually considered optimal. Nevertheless, disagreement persists regarding the association between secondary transfer status and outcome. The aim of the study was to compare adjusted mortality between road traffic trauma patients directly or secondarily transported to a level 1 trauma center (TC) in an exclusive French trauma system with a physician staffed prehospital emergency medical system (EMS).

Durability of antimicrobial activity of antibiotic-impregnated external ventricular drains: a prospective study.

Background: Antibiotic-impregnated external ventricular drains (AI-EVDs) have a debated efficacy in clinical studies.

Objectives: Our aim was to assess the durability of antimicrobial activity of AI-EVDs used in clinical settings.

Methods: From April 2017 to January 2018, all consecutive AI-EVDs (Bactiseal™) inserted in adult patients were prospectively included.