Covariate Model Selection Approaches for Population Pharmacokinetics: A Systematic Review of Existing Methods, From SCM to AI.

A growing number of covariate modeling methods have been proposed in the field of popPK modeling, but limited information exists on how they all compare. The objective of this study was to perform a systematic review of all popPK covariate modeling methods, focusing on assessing the existing knowledge on their performances. For each method of each article included in this review, evaluation setting, performance metrics along with their associated values, and relative computational times were reported when available.

Hybrid Arch Aneurysm Repair With Ascending Aortic Wrap and TEVAR.

Introduction: Management of patients with large aortic arch aneurysms who are considered high risk for frozen elephant trunk technique have been challenging, especially when they have a dilated ascending aorta (AA) that precludes total endovascular branched repair (arch BEVAR). A viable option in our armamentarium is wrapping of the AA (AW), and zone 0 Ishimaru TEVAR.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of our aortic database from 2013 to 2024 to select high-risk patients with aortic arch aneurysm that had an AW and TEVAR.

Feasibility of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery as a redo chest approach for lung resection in patients with a history of surgical procedures on the same side.

Background: Thoracic surgeons are increasingly facing situations for which patients are eligible for iterative thoracic surgery. With growing experience in minimally invasive thoracic surgery, the question of the safety and feasibility of minimally invasive redo procedure is rising. Our study aims to report the results of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) as surgical approach for reintervention after a previous ipsilateral intrathoracic surgery.

The benefit of automated sac volume measurements in postoperative endovascular aortic repair surveillance.

Objective: Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) shrinkage is considered a marker for success following endovascular aortic repair (EVAR). Although maximum diameter is widely used to assess sac behavior, research indicates that changes in AAA morphology do not always affect the maximum diameter. The aim of this study was to investigate if automated AAA sac volume measurements after EVAR can add more nuanced information on sac behavior compared with maximum diameter evaluation alone.

Endovascular Management of a Chronic Type A Aortic Dissection: Case Report.

Branched endograft exclusion of chronic type A dissections resulting from a TEVAR complication is a minimally-invasive approach to consider in very fragile patients to mitigate the potential risks associated with conventional open surgical repair.

Balloon pulmonary angioplasty for proximal chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension in patients ineligible for pulmonary endarterectomy.

Balloon pulmonary angioplasty (BPA) to treat chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is generally reserved for distal obstruction precluding pulmonary endarterectomy (PEA) but can be used in patients with proximal disease who are at high surgical risk or refuse surgery. This single-center retrospective study compared BPA efficacy in patients with proximal versus distal CTEPH. Of the 478 patients, 36 had proximal disease, follow-up was 11.

Outcomes of right sleeve lower lobectomy vs. lower bilobectomy for lung malignancies.

Objectives: Lower bilobectomy (LBL) leaves a residual pleural space potentially associated with adverse postoperative outcomes. In selected patients, right sleeve lower lobectomy (RSLL) with anastomosis between the middle lobe bronchus and intermediate bronchus is feasible. The outcomes of RSLL and LBL have not been compared.

Closure Device Migration: An Unusual Cause of Acute Limb Ischaemia Following a Simple Endovascular Procedure.

Introduction: Acute limb ischaemia resulting from foreign body embolisation is an infrequent yet critical complication associated with vascular closure devices (VCDs). Despite the widespread use of VCDs, rare complications such as fragment emboli pose unique challenges, necessitating heightened clinical awareness. This case report presents a case of acute limb ischaemia caused by a VCD malfunction following an endovascular procedure.

Combining modeling and experimental approaches for developing rice-oil palm agroforestry systems.

Monoculture systems in South East Asia are facing challenges due to climate change-induced extreme weather conditions, leading to significant annual production losses in rice and oil palm. To ensure the stability of these crops, innovative strategies like resilient agroforestry systems need to be explored. Converting oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) monocultures to rice (Oryza sativa)-based intercropping systems shows promise, but achieving optimal yields requires adjusting palm density and identifying rice varieties adapted to changes in light quantity and diurnal fluctuation.

Early and Midterm Outcomes of Endovascular Aortic Arch Repair Using In Situ Laser Fenestration.

Introduction: The aim of this study is to present single-center outcomes in patients treated with in situ laser fenestration thoracic endovascular aortic repair (LFTEVAR) for various aortic arch pathologies and assess the impact of increasing experience.

Methods: The STrengthening the Reporting of OBservational studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement was followed. A retrospective analysis of prospectively collected single aortic center data was conducted, including baseline information and peri- and post-operative outcomes of consecutive patients managed with LFTEVAR for aortic arch pathologies.

A procedural step analysis of radiation exposure in fenestrated endovascular aortic repair.

Objective: Radiation exposure during complex endovascular aortic repair may be associated with tangible adverse effects in patients and operators. This study aimed to identify the steps of highest radiation exposure during fenestrated endovascular aortic repair (FEVAR) and to investigate potential intraoperative factors affecting radiation exposure.

Methods: Prospective data of 31 consecutive patients managed exclusively with four-fenestration endografts between March 1, 2020, and July 1, 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.

Wake dynamics in buoyancy-driven flows: Steady-state-Hopf-mode interaction with O(2) symmetry revisited.

We present a detailed mathematical study of a truncated normal form relevant to the bifurcations observed in wake flow past axisymmetric bodies, with and without thermal stratification. We employ abstract normal form analysis to identify possible bifurcations and the corresponding bifurcation diagrams in parameter space. The bifurcations and the bifurcation diagrams are interpreted in terms of symmetry considerations.

Surgical cervicothoracic-flap repair of neoesophagus-airway fistula after esophagectomy for esophageal cancer: A retrospective cohort study.

Objective: To evaluate outcomes of surgical repair of postesophagectomy neoesophagus-airway fistulas (NEAFs).

Methods: We retrospectively included consecutive patients with NEAF managed by various techniques at our center between August 2009 and July 2021.

Result: Of the 11 patients (median age, 60 years; interquartile range, 58, 62), 4 had received induction chemoradiotherapy and 4 others induction chemotherapy.

Multicentric clinical evaluation of a computed tomography-based fully automated deep neural network for aortic maximum diameter and volumetric measurements.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate a fully automatic deep learning-based method (augmented radiology for vascular aneurysm [ARVA]) for aortic segmentation and simultaneous diameter and volume measurements.

Methods: A clinical validation dataset was constructed from preoperative and postoperative aortic computed tomography angiography (CTA) scans for assessing these functions. The dataset totaled 350 computed tomography angiography scans from 216 patients treated at two different hospitals.

A novel equestrian helmet testing method: helmet liner performance in highly realistic simulation.

Objective: Employ a novel testing method to assess Multi Directional Impact Protection System (MIPS) helmet technology on rotational velocity and acceleration during head impact.

Methods: An optimization study was completed utilizing a 50th percentile male Hybrid III anthropomorphic test device (ATD). Helmets included expanded polystyrene foam (EPS) and two different MIPS helmets (MIPS 1, MIPS 2).

Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Sac Diameter Assessment for Complex Endovascular Aortic Repair.

Purpose: Artificial intelligence (AI) using an automated, deep learning-based method, Augmented Radiology for Vascular Aneurysm (ARVA), has been verified as a viable aide in aneurysm morphology assessment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of ARVA when analyzing preoperative and postoperative computed tomography angiography (CTA) in patients managed with fenestrated endovascular repair (FEVAR) for complex aortic aneurysms (cAAs).

Materials And Methods: Preoperative and postoperative CTAs from 50 patients (n=100 CTAs) who underwent FEVAR for cAAs were extracted from the picture archiving and communication system (PACS) of a single aortic center equipped with ARVA.

Two-Year Results on Real-World Fenestrated or Branched Endovascular Repair for Complex Aortic Abdominal Aneurysm in France.

Purpose: To describe and compare mid-term outcomes from 2 real-world data collection efforts on fenestrated and branched endovascular aortic repair (fbEVAR) for complex abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) in France and to evaluate the potential of health care databases for long-term post-market surveillance (PMS) and continued reimbursement approval.

Methods: Two real-world studies were conducted in France: a retrospective health care database study (SNDS) and a prospective clinical study. In the SNDS study, data from implantation and/or hospital stays occurring during follow-up were extracted for all patients treated with the study devices from April 2012 to December 2018.